Search results for "consumption"
showing 10 items of 1796 documents
Electric energy consumption analysis of SPIF processes
2013
Manufacturing processes, as used for discrete part manufacturing, are responsible for a substantial part of the environmental impact of products, but are still poorly documented in terms of environmental footprint. A thorough analysis on the causes affecting the environmental impact in metal forming processes, especially the innovative but very energy intensive sheet metal forming technologies required to form light-weight products, is nowadays necessary. Therefore, this paper presents an energy consumption analysis, including a power and time study, of Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) processes. First, the influence of the most relevant process parameters (e.g. feed rate, step down)…
Single Point Incremental Forming: analysis of sustainability of the process through an experimental approach
2013
In literature, manufacturing processes have been studied with different approaches, but a lack of knowledge on the analysis of the energy required is still present. The aim of this paper is to carry out energy analysis on Single Point Incremental Forming process. Accordingly, a wide experimental investigation was executed by taking into account different process parameters (i.e. tool depth step, punch velocity and product shape). The total energy consumption was monitored during all the experiments and properly weighted with respect to the deformation energy, required to execute the process. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to highlight the conditions which allow to save energy r…
Understanding Collective action in sustainable consumption: a relational approach
2015
Depletion of natural resources have become key issues on the European policy agenda. Bottom-up measures have emerged in several countries with a view to promoting awareness campaigns and practical actions with respect to environmental sustainability. All this has led to the creation of new strategies in the policies for consumption, redefining a new alternative geography of food and new opportunities for small enterprises excluded from globalization (Whatmore and Thorne, 1997; Miele, 1999; Murdoch e Miele, 1999; Murdoch et al., 2000). In the new emerging geography of food, the reincorporation of production processes and local consumption are spreading quickly assuming different forms such a…
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Glutaredoxin 5-deficient Cells Subjected to Continuous Oxidizing Conditions Are Affected in the Expression of Specific Sets …
2004
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae GRX5 gene codes for a mitochondrial glutaredoxin involved in the synthesis of iron/sulfur clusters. Its absence prevents respiratory growth and causes the accumulation of iron inside cells and constitutive oxidation of proteins. Null ⌬grx5 mu- tants were used as an example of continuously oxidized cells, as opposed to situations in which oxidative stress is instantaneously caused by addition of external oxi- dants. Whole transcriptome analysis was carried out in the mutant cells. The set of genes whose expression was affected by the absence of Grx5 does not significantly overlap with the set of genes affected in respiratory petite mutants. Many Aft1-dependent ge…
Inter-individual retronasal aroma release variability during cheese consumption: Role of food oral processing
2014
The aim of our study was to explain inter-individual differences on in vivo aroma release during cheese consumption by oral physiological parameters. To reach this objective, 34 subjects were recruited. Their salivary flow, oral volume and velum opening were determined. Six cheddar-based melted cheeses with different fat levels and firmness were flavoured with nonan-2-one.(NO) and ethyl propanoate (EP). During their consumption (free protocol), in vivo retro nasal aroma release was followed by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical lonisation-Mass Spectrometry (APCI-MS). Chewing activity was evaluated by electromyography recordings. Bolus saliva content, mouth-coating, and bolus rheology were also d…
Recovery Estimation of Dried Foodborne Pathogens Is Directly Related to Rehydration Kinetics.
2016
International audience; Drying is a common process which is used to preserve food products and technological microorganisms, but which is deleterious for the cells. The aim of this study is to differentiate the effects of drying alone from the effects of the successive and necessary rehydration. Rehydration of dried bacteria is a critical step already studied in starter culture but not for different kinetics and not for pathogens. In the present study, the influence of rehydration kinetics was investigated for three foodborne pathogens involved in neonatal diseases caused by the consumption of rehydrated milk powder: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Salmonella enteri…
A Sample Selection Model for Unit and Item Nonresponse in Cross-Sectional Surveys
2007
We consider a general sample selection model where unit and item nonresponse simultaneously affect a regression relationship of interest, and both types of nonresponse are potentially correlated. We estimate both parametric and semiparametric specifications of the model. The parametric specification assumes that the errors in the latent regression equations follow a trivariate Gaussian distribution. The semiparametric specification avoids distributional assumptions about the underlying regression errors. In our empirical application, we estimate Engel curves for consumption expenditure using data from the first wave of SHARE (Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe).
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for Wireless Power Transfer Enabled Collaborative Mobile Clouds
2016
In order to fully enjoy high rate broadband multimedia services, prolonging the battery lifetime of user equipment is critical for mobile users, especially for smartphone users. In this paper, the problem of distributing cellular data via a wireless power transfer enabled collaborative mobile cloud (WeCMC) in an energy efficient manner is investigated. WeCMC is formed by a group of users who have both functionalities of information decoding and energy harvesting, and are interested for cooperating in downloading content from the operators. Through device-to-device communications, the users inside WeCMC are able to cooperate during the downloading procedure and offload data from the base sta…
Reducing Overhearing Energy in Wake-Up Radio-Enabled WPANs: Scheme and Performance
2018
Wake-up Radio (WuR)-enabled wireless personal area networks (WPANs) are more popular over conventional WPANs thanks to WuR's on-demand transmission feature and overwhelming energy consumption superiority. In a WuRenabled WPAN, overhearing occurs when a wake-up receiver decodes and validates the address of a wake-up call which is not intended to it. However, such overhearing consumes a portion of the required reception energy for unintended nodes. To diminish overhearing thus conserve total reception energy in a network, we propose a bit-by-bit address decoding (BBAD) scheme and compare it with another addressing scheme for WuR that uses a micro-controller unit to decode and match the whole …
Receiver-Initiated Data Collection in Wake-Up Radio Enabled mIoT Networks: Achieving Collision-Free Transmissions by Hashing and Partitioning
2021
To achieve ultra-low energy consumption and decade-long battery lifetime for Internet of Things (IoT) networks, wake-up radio (WuR) appears as an eminent solution. While keeping devices in deep sleep for most of the time, a WuR enabled IoT device can be woken up for data transmission at any time by a wake-up call (WuC). However, collisions happen among WuCs for transmitter-initiated data reporting and among data packets for receiver-initiated data collection . In this article, we propose three novel hashing-based schemes in order to achieve collision-free data transmissions for receiver-initiated data collection. We consider first a simple scenario where all devices in a region of interest …