Search results for "continuum"

showing 10 items of 477 documents

Properties of the isolated neutron star RX J185635-3754

2004

Abstract Despite improved observational capabilities, the surface properties of neutron stars remain uncertain. In principle, multiwavelength spectra can reveal their compositions and angular diameters and constrain the interior equation of state. The Chandra LETG spectrum of the brightest isolated neutron star is a featureless continuum. The X-ray blackbody fit underpredicts the observed optical fluxes, but the spectral energy distribution can be fit with a two blackbody model. No pulsations are seen. We discuss model atmosphere fits. We conclude there is no need to invoke exotic physics: RX J185635-3754 is likely a 0.5 × 10 6 years old pulsar.

PhysicsAtmospheric ScienceEquation of stateAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaContinuum (design consultancy)Aerospace EngineeringAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsSpectral lineAtmosphereNeutron starGeophysicsPulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSpectral energy distributionBlack-body radiationAdvances in Space Research
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Atomic Ionization by Scalar Dark Matter and Solar Scalars

2021

We calculate the cross-sections of atomic ionization by absorption of scalar particles in the energy range from a few eV to 100 keV. We consider both nonrelativistic particles (dark matter candidates) and relativistic particles which may be produced inside Sun. We provide numerical results for atoms relevant for direct dark matter searches (O, Na, Ar, Ca, Ge, I, Xe, W and Tl). We identify a crucial flaw in previous calculations and show that they overestimated the ionization cross sections by several orders of magnitude due to violation of the orthogonality of the bound and continuum electron wave functions. Using our computed cross-sections, we interpret the recent data from the Xenon1T ex…

PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)010308 nuclear & particles physicsScalar (mathematics)Dark matterFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronCoupling (probability)01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics3. Good healthNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Ionization0103 physical sciencesContinuum (set theory)Absorption (logic)010306 general physicsAxionPhysical Review Letters
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Solc filters in a reflective geometry

2017

We present the realization of a bulk optics birefringent Solc filter in a reflective geometry. This geometry reduces by half the number of required retarders, ensures the same spectral retardance function in pairs of retarders, and helps to make more compact filters. The key element is a quarter-wave Fresnel rhomb located in between the set of retarders and a mirror. Two cases are considered: the first Solc filter uses multiple-order quartz retarders, and the second one uses two liquid-crystal retarders. The latter has the advantage of being tunable via an applied voltage. Experimental results show how to filter the spectral content of a supercontinuum laser.

PhysicsBirefringencebusiness.industryFresnel rhombPhysics::OpticsGeometry02 engineering and technologyFunction (mathematics)Physics::Classical PhysicsRetarder01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSupercontinuum010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsFilter (video)0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringbusinessRealization (systems)VoltageJournal of Optics
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Static chiral Willis continuum mechanics for three-dimensional chiral mechanical metamaterials

2019

International audience; Recent static experiments on twist effects in chiral three-dimensional mechanical metamaterials have been discussed in the context of micropolar Eringen continuum mechanics, which is a generalization of linear Cauchy elasticity. For cubic symmetry, Eringen elasticity comprises nine additional parameters with respect to linear Cauchy elasticity, of which three directly influence chiral effects. Here, we discuss the behavior of the static case of an alternative generalization of linear Cauchy elasticity, the Willis equations. We show that in the homogeneous static cubic case, only one additional parameter with respect to linear Cauchy elasticity results, which directly…

PhysicsCharacteristic lengthContinuum mechanicsCauchy distributionMetamaterial02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences[PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph][PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]Classical mechanicsHomogeneous0103 physical sciences[PHYS.MECA.SOLID]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph][SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicTwistElasticity (economics)[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
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Near-unity third-harmonic circular dichroism driven by a quasibound state in the continuum in asymmetric silicon metasurfaces

2021

We use numerical simulations to demonstrate third-harmonic generation with near-unity nonlinear circular dichroism (CD) and high conversion efficiency $({10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\text{W}}^{\ensuremath{-}2})$ in asymmetric Si-on-$\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ metasurfaces. The working principle relies on the spin-selective excitation of a quasibound state in the continuum, characterized by a very high $(g{10}^{5})$ quality factor. By tuning multimode interference with the variation of the metasurface geometrical parameters, we show the possibility to control both linear CD and nonlinear CD. Our results pave the way for the development of all-dielectric metasurfaces for …

PhysicsCircular dichroismSiliconEnergy conversion efficiencynonlinear optics chirality quasi-bound statesPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi Elettromagnetici02 engineering and technologyState (functional analysis)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNonlinear systemQuality (physics)chemistry0103 physical sciencesContinuum (set theory)Atomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review A
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From kinks to compactonlike kinks

1998

We show that, in the continuum limit, the generalized \ensuremath{\Phi}-four or double-well model with nonlinear coupling can exhibit compactonlike kink solutions for some specific velocity regimes and when the nonlinear coupling between pendulums is dominant. Our numerical simulations point out that the static compacton is stable and the dynamic compacton is unstable. Our study is extended to other topological systems where compacton solutions can also be found. A nice feature is that a mechanical analog of the double-well system can be constructed in the form of an experimental lattice of coupled pendulums, which, in the strong coupling limit, allows the observation of these entities.

PhysicsClassical mechanicsQuantum mechanicsStrong couplingLattice (group)Point (geometry)CompactonContinuum (set theory)Limit (mathematics)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsNonlinear couplingPhysical Review E
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Towards an understanding of discrete ambiguities in truncated partial wave analyses

2017

It is well known that the observables in a single-channel scattering problem remain invariant once the amplitude is multiplied by an overall energy- and angle-dependent phase. This invariance is called the continuum ambiguity and acts on the infinite partial wave set. It has also long been known that, in the case of a truncated partial wave set, another invariance exists, originating from the replacement of the roots of partial wave amplitudes with their complex conjugate values. This discrete ambiguity is also known as the Omelaenko-Gersten-type ambiguity. In this paper, we show that for scalar particles, discrete ambiguities are just a subset of continuum ambiguities with a specific phase…

PhysicsComplex conjugateContinuum (measurement)Nuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringNumerical analysismedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesObservableComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)AmbiguityInvariant (physics)01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)partial wave decomposition continuum and discrete ambiguitiesTheoretical physicsAmplitude0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsmedia_common
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Long Lived Acoustic Vibrational Modes of an Embedded Nanoparticle

2004

Classical continuum elastic calculations show that the acoustic vibrational modes of an embedded nanoparticle can be lightly damped even when the longitudinal plane wave acoustic impedances $Z_o=\rho v_L$ of the nanoparticle and the matrix are the same. It is not necessary for the matrix to be less dense or softer than the nanoparticle in order to have long lived vibrational modes. Continuum boundary conditions do not always accurately reflect the microscropic nature of the interface between nanoparticle and matrix, and a multi-layer model of the interface reveals the possibility of additional reduction of mode damping.

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceContinuum (design consultancy)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanoparticle[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Molecular physicsMatrix (mathematics)Classical mechanicsMolecular vibrationBoundary value problemReduction (mathematics)Acoustic impedanceElectrical impedancePhysical Review Letters
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Longitudinal versus transverse spheroidal vibrational modes of an elastic sphere

2005

Analysis of the spheroidal modes of vibration of a free elastic sphere show that they can be qualitatively grouped into two categories: primarily longitudinal and primarily transverse. This is not a sharp distinction. However, there is a relatively stark contrast between the two kinds of modes. Primarily transverse modes have a small divergence and have frequencies that are almost functionally independent of the longitudinal speed of sound. Analysis of inelastic light scattering intensity from confined acoustic phonons in nanoparticles requires an understanding of this qualitative distinction between different spheroidal modes. In addition, some common misconceptions about spheroidal modes …

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceContinuum mechanicsPhonon[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyInelastic scattering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesLight scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTransverse planeClassical mechanicsNormal modeSpeed of soundMolecular vibration0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
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Magnetic-field-enhanced outgoing excitonic resonance in multi-phonon Raman scattering from polar semiconductors

1996

A combined scattering mechanism involving the states of free electron-hole pairs (exciton continuum) and discrete excitons as intermediate states in the multi-phonon Raman scattering leads to (1) a strong increase of the scattering efficiency in the presence of a high magnetic field and to (2) an outgoing excitonic resonance: the two features are not compatible when only free pairs (leading to a strong increase of the scattering efficiency under the applied magnetic field) or discrete excitons (resulting in the outgoing resonance at the excitonic gap) are taken into account.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherPhononScatteringExcitonCondensed Matter (cond-mat)Continuum (design consultancy)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed MatterCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsResonance (particle physics)Magnetic fieldCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakesymbolsPolarGeneral Materials ScienceRaman scatteringJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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