Search results for "cooling"
showing 10 items of 470 documents
Advancements in DEMO WCLL breeding blanket design and integration
2017
Summary The water-cooled lithium–lead breeding blanket is a candidate option for the European Demonstration Power Plant (DEMO) nuclear fusion reactor. This breeding blanket concept relies on the liquid lithium–lead as breeder–multiplier, pressurized water as coolant, and EUROFER as structural material. The current design is based on DEMO 2015 specifications and represents the follow-up of the design developed in 2015. The single-module-segment approach is employed. This is constituted by a basic geometry repeated along the poloidal direction. The power is removed by means of radial–toroidal (i.e., horizontal) water cooling tubes in the breeding zone. The lithium–lead flows in a radial–poloi…
Impact of wind speed on ventilation performance within a container installed with photovoltaic inverter
2017
Abstract PV inverter needs proper ventilation for reducing the heat dissipation of the electronic components. In this work, a container installed with PV inverter is considered with different configurations of cooling channels within the container for ventilation analysis. Typically, high capacity PV inverters are installed inside the container and therefore inverters, are not experiencing external wind effects and it depends on the configuration of cooling channels. In this work, the main cooling channel is located at the top of the inverter; inlet and outlet ventilation holes are located on the side of cross ventilation. They help in analyzing the cooling design, dependent on site specifi…
Thermal characterization of insulating materials
2018
Abstract The strict energy saving standards are based on the declared values of the materials, i.e. U-value, thermal conductivity or thermal capacity. To this end, proper knowledge of the thermophysical properties of the wall components is needed, especially with regard to new lightweight technologies that are being used in building construction/refurbishment, under the dynamic conditions of the Mediterranean climate, where one of most important parameters of building materials is their heat capacity because of the influence of solar radiation energy. With this regard, the actual heat capacity value, obtained in laboratory tests, is typically quite different from the nominal one. So, this p…
Reliability Approach to the Design, Construction and Use of Natural Draught Cooling Towers
1989
Structures or structural elements should be designed and constructed such they are suited to their intended use. But principles for the design, construction, use and maintenace are changing evolutionary. It is due to fundamental research and the progress in technology.
Optimization of a thermoelectric system for power generation realized by ‘‘hidden’’ components
2014
Abstract Today the utilization of renewable energy sources is very important to support the traditional ones, and also in order to reach the objectives fixed by the Kyoto Protocol. In this context, also well-known technologies related to the electric energy production, formerly not suitable – due to the poor technological level of the components or due to the high costs linked to the system efficiency – may now find a suitable collocation. Among these technologies, the thermoelectric effect may be very advantageous in some particular applications of small power. A power generation system utilizing this technology has been studied by the authors. This system utilizes the thermal difference b…
A measurement methodology for monitoring a CHCP pilot plant for an office building
2003
Abstract In Mediterranean areas, climate conditions determine quite equal demand both for thermal and cooling energy. The possibility to convert a cooling demand in thermal one through an absorption chiller allows to extend widely the number of running hours of a cogeneration plant. A trigeneration pilot plant for two office building is described, in which an integrated lay-out includes a NG prime mover with heat exchanger, an absorption chiller and a reversible heat pump. The pilot plant is completed and pre-running test were performed. Different fluid dynamics parameters will be monitored, in order to build the actual cumulative curve for thermal power. The measurement methodology is also…
A novel solar trigeneration system integrating PVT (photovoltaic/thermal collectors) and SW (seawater) desalination: Dynamic simulation and economic …
2014
Abstract The paper investigates the integration of renewable energy sources and water systems, presenting a novel solar system producing simultaneously: electrical energy, thermal energy, cooling energy and domestic water. Such system is designed for small communities in European Mediterranean countries, rich in renewable sources and poor in fossil fuels and water resources. The polygeneration system under analysis includes PVT (photovoltaic/thermal solar collectors), a MED (multi-effect distillation) system for SW (seawater) desalination, a single-stage LiBr–H2O ACH (absorption chiller) and additional components, such as storage tanks, AHs (auxiliary heaters) and BOP (balance of plant) dev…
Nanoscale chemistry and atomic-scale microstructure of a bulk Ni3Sn material built using selective laser melting of elemental powder blends
2021
Abstract Cubic specimens of the intermetallic Ni3Sn compound were built using selective laser melting of elemental powder blends. A specimen built at a laser power of 200 W and a scanning speed of 0.5 m/s was determined to have a homogeneous distribution of Ni and Sn on a mesoscopic scale in spite of a 2 at.% Sn deficiency. Characterization of the microstructure using the HAADF-STEM technique reveals a dispersion of ultrafine Ni particles, nanoscale chemical inhomogeneity and the formation of antiphase nanodomains in the matrix of equiaxed Ni3Sn grains. While a mesoscopic homogeneity of the specimen demonstrates a prospect of additive manufacturing of a bulk intermetallic material using sel…
Assessing the Robustness of Thermoeconomic Diagnosis of Fouled Evaporators: Sensitivity Analysis of the Exergetic Performance of Direct Expansion Coi…
2016
Thermoeconomic diagnosis of refrigeration systems is a pioneering approach to the diagnosis of malfunctions, which has been recently proven to achieve good performances for the detection of specific faults. Being an exergy-based diagnostic technique, its performance is influenced by the trends of exergy functions in the “design” and “abnormal” conditions. In this paper the sensitivity of performance of thermoeconomic diagnosis in detecting a fouled direct expansion coil and quantifying the additional consumption it induces is investigated; this fault is critical due to the simultaneous air cooling and dehumidification occurring in the coil, that induce variations in both the chemical and th…
Trigeneration and Polygeneration Configurations for Desalination and Other Beneficial Processes
2018
Abstract The integration of renewable energy sources (geothermal, biomass, and solar) and desalination systems into novel polygeneration plants is investigated. Two main arrangements are considered: geothermal (GP) and biomass (BP) polygeneration. Both systems include concentrating photovoltaic/thermal solar collectors, a multieffect distillation system for seawater desalination, a single-effect LiBr-H2O absorption chiller, storage tanks, heat exchangers, balance-of-plant devices; a biomass auxiliary heater and geothermal wells are also included, in BP and GP, respectively. The systems can provide electricity and hot water, used for space heating, cooling, domestic hot water production, and…