Search results for "coronary disease"
showing 10 items of 203 documents
Quantitative analysis of elastic recoil after balloon angioplasty and after intracoronary implantation of balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stents.
1993
AbstractObjectives. The purpose of this study was to measure elastic recoil from sequential angiograms after balloon angioplasty and after implantation of a balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stent in the same patient, and to compare the results with the late angiographic outcome.Background. The immediate result of coronary balloon angioplasty is influenced by plastic deformation, primarily of the atherosclerotic plaque, and by elastic recoil, primarily of the less or nondiseased vessel circumference,Methods. The extent of elastic recoil was measured quantitatively as the difference between maximal balloon size and the resulting vessel diameter or cross-sectional area.Results. Analysis was pe…
Spectrum of mutations and phenotypic expression in patients with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia identified in Italy.
2013
Abstract Objective To determine the spectrum of gene mutations and the genotype–phenotype correlations in patients with Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia (ADH) identified in Italy. Methods The resequencing of LDLR , PCSK9 genes and a selected region of APOB gene were conducted in 1018 index subjects clinically heterozygous ADH and in 52 patients clinically homozygous ADH. The analysis was also extended to 1008 family members of mutation positive subjects. Results Mutations were detected in 832 individuals: 97.4% with LDLR mutations, 2.2% with APOB mutations and 0.36% with PCSK9 mutations. Among the patients with homozygous ADH, 51 were carriers of LDLR mutations and one was an LDLR / …
Diagonal ear lobe crease and atherosclerosis : a review of the medical literature and dental implications
2011
In Spain a significant number of individuals die from atherosclerotic disease of the coronary and carotid arteries without having classic risk factors and prodromal symptoms. The diagonal ear lobe crease (DELC) has been characterized in the medical literature as a surrogate marker which can identify high risk patients having occult atherosclerosis. This topic however has not been examined in either the medical or dental literature emanating from Spain. The majority of clinical, angiography and postmortem reports support the premise that DELC is a valuable extravascular physical sign able to distinguish some patients at risk of succumbing to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. A minori…
Plasma lipid, apolipoprotein and Lp(a) levels in elderly normolipidemic women: Relationships with coronary heart disease and longevity
1995
The relation between plasma lipids and coronary heart disease (CHD) in the elderly is still debated, as well as the proposed role of lipoproteins as markers of longevity. In this study both normolipidemic elderly and middle-aged women with CHD showed higher triglycerides and apolipoprotein B levels and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels in comparison with age-matched subjects without CHD. In the middle-aged group, hypertension and HDL-cholesterol levels and, in the elderly group, only HDL-cholesterol levels were independently associated with CHD. No significant difference was found between a group of healthy centenarians and elderly and middle-age…
Imaging in the catheterization laboratory
1993
Recent work confirms that visual assessment of the effect of widely employed coronary interventions is highly inaccurate. Rapid and reliable on-line angiographic quantitation is a useful advance, but problems in the application of the technique are encountered in a substantial number of cases. New algorithms have been devised to provide a comprehensive assessment of the geometry and likely functional significance of lesions as well as an objective evaluation of lesion morphology, and recent work has provided the framework for the quantitation of diffuse disease. Studies with intravascular ultrasound confirm the inadequate sensitivity of angiography in demonstrating mild to moderate atheroma…
Insulin resistance in patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease.
1997
The minimum model modified by the administration of insulin provides an objective and relatively easily measured index of peripheral sensitivity to insulin which was significantly lower (p <0.02) in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) with ischemic heart disease (IHD) than in FCH without IHD and in control subjects (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1.9 +/- 1.0, 2.9 +/- 1.2 x 10(-4) mU/L/ min, respectively). In patients with FCH, insulin resistance explains, at least in part, their metabolic alterations (hypertension, abnormal glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia) and elevated IHD.
The mechanisms of thrombotic risk induced by hormone replacement therapy.
2001
Abstract Objective : To review the available information on the action of hormones on the mechanisms involved in thrombotic risk. Results and Conclusions : Thrombosis plays a crucial role in the genesis and progression of both coronary heart disease (CHD) and venous thromboembolic disease (VTED), the two main forms of cardiovascular disease. Two main determinants of the thromboembolic phenotype, hypercoagulable state and altered endothelium, accumulate much of the work performed on the influence of hormones on thrombosis. Information has accumulated mainly for oestrogens, but increasing evidences support a role for progestogens. The sensitivity of each of the three components of the hemosta…
Increased Platelet Sensitivity toward Platelet Inhibitors during Physical Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
1999
Generalized atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are associated with endothelial dysfunction and during acute myocardial ischemia platelet activation has been reported. Activated platelets exert activated fibrinogen receptors (GP IIb/IIIa) and express CD 62p being regarded as reliable marker for platelet activation. Patients with angiographically proven CAD performed a bicycle exercise test until the onset of angina or ST-segment depression. We studied the ischemia-induced alterations in fibrinogen binding to activated platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptors and CD 62p expression. Therefore, the basal fibrinogen binding to GP IIb/IIIa and CD 62p expression and the thrombin-concentration…
Angiocardiographic digital still images compressed via irreversible methods: concepts and experiments.
1997
Abstract We defined, implemented and tested two new methods for irreversible compression of angiocardiographic still images: brightness error limitation (BEL) and pseudo-gradient adaptive brightness and contrast error limitation (PABCEL). The scan path used to compress the digital images is based on the Peano–Hilbert plane-filling curve. The compression methods limit, for each pixel, the brightness errors introduced when approximating the original image (i.e. the difference between the values of corresponding pixels as grey levels). Additional limitations are imposed to the contrast error observed when considering along the scan path consecutive pixels of both the original and the reconstru…
PECAM-1/CD31 in infarction and longevity.
2007
: Inflammation has recently proven to be associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammatory genes are good candidates for the risk of developing atherosclerosis. The early phase of atherosclerosis involves the recruitment of inflammatory cells from the circulation and their transendothelial migration. This process is mainly mediated by cellular adhesion molecules, which are expressed by the vascular endothelium and by circulating leukocytes in response to several inflammatory stimuli. Adhesion of circulating cells to the arterial surface is among the first detectable events in atherogenesis. Cellular adhesion molecules, expressed by the vascular endothelium and by circulat…