Search results for "coronary"
showing 10 items of 1588 documents
Short-term Changes in Gal 3 Circulating Levels After Acute Myocardial Infarction.
2016
Background and Aims Galectin 3 (Gal 3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin known to play a part in inflammation, adverse remodeling and fibrosis. Gal 3 seems to be linked to atherogenesis and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), but less is known about the relationship between Gal 3 and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of the present study is to assess circulating levels of Gal 3 after AMI and to evaluate short-term changes of the biomarker within 5 days from the acute event. Methods Two hundred fifteen confirmed AMI patients (125 STEMI, M/F = 2.8; mean age: 65.4 ± 13.8 years) were enrolled in the present study; two blood samples were collected from each patient: first, within 1 h from ad…
Associations between cardiovascular disease, cancer, and very low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the REasons for Geographical and Racial Dif…
2018
AbstractAimsRelatively little is known about the health outcomes associated with very low plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) mainly because of the small numbers of individuals with such extreme values included in clinical trials. We, therefore, investigated the association between low and very low HDL-C concentration at baseline and incident all-cause-mortality, death from malignant disease (i.e. cancer), and with fatal or non-fatal incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals from the Reasons for Geographical And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study.Methods and resultsAnalysis was based on 21 751 participants from the REGARDS study who wer…
Nut and legume consumption and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies
2021
Consumption of nuts and legumes has been associated with several health benefits. The aim of this study was to systematically review existing meta-analyses of observational studies on nut and legume intake and non-communicable diseases, and assess the level of evidence. Out of the six meta-analyses focussed on legume and 15 on nut intake, a possible association with decreased risk of colorectal adenoma and coronary heart disease was found for higher legume consumption, and a decreased risk of cardiovascular and cancer mortality, colon cancer, hypertension and ischaemic stroke for higher nut consumption. The association between legume consumption and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as well a…
Prognostic use of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and placental growth factor in patients with coronary artery disease.
2015
Background: Intention of the study is to assess the cardiovascular mortality of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with the biomarkers of angiogenesis PlGF and its endogenous inhibitor sFlt-1. Methods: The cohort included n = 1848 patients with CAD and 282 subjects without CAD. In 85 patients cardiovascular mortality, as combination of fatal myocardial infarction or any cardiac death, during a median follow-up duration of 3.9 years was reported. Results: In Kaplan–Meier curve analysis PlGF in rising thirds was not predictive regarding outcome (p = 0.54), the same was shown for sFlt-1 (p = 0.44). Cox regression for the fully adjusted model provided a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.8 (p = 0…
Computational modeling of bicuspid aortopathy: Towards personalized risk strategies.
2019
This paper describes current advances on the application of in-silico for the understanding of bicuspid aortopathy and future perspectives of this technology on routine clinical care. This includes the impact that artificial intelligence can provide to develop computer-based clinical decision support system and that wearable sensors can offer to remotely monitor high-risk bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients. First, we discussed the benefit of computational modeling by providing tangible examples of in-silico software products based on computational fluid-dynamic (CFD) and finite-element method (FEM) that are currently transforming the way we diagnose and treat cardiovascular diseases. Then…
Lipid lowering nutraceuticals in clinical practice: position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel.
2017
1.1. Cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia: prevalence and global economic impact Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, reaching 31% of deaths in 2012 [1]. In particular, atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are the main causes of premature death in Europe and are responsible for 42% of deaths in women and 38% in men under 75 years old [2]. The global economic impact of CVD is estimated to have been US $906 billion in 2015 and is expected to rise by 22% by 2030 [3]. Cardiovascular diseases also represent the major cause of disability in developed countries. It has been estimated that their growing burden could lead to a global increase in…
Optimal use of lipid-lowering therapy after acute coronary syndromes: A Position Paper endorsed by the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)
2021
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and consequent acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are substantial contributors to morbidity and mortality across Europe. Much of these diseases burden is modifiable, in particular by lipid-lowering therapy (LLT). Current guidelines are based on the sound premise that with respect to low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), “lower is better for longer”, and the recent data have strongly emphasized the need of also “the earlier the better”. In addition to statins, which have been available for several decades, the availability of ezetimibe and inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) are additional very effective approa…
Polyvascular disease: A narrative review of current evidence and a consideration of the role of antithrombotic therapy.
2020
Abstract Background and aims Polyvascular disease (PVD) affects approximately 20% of patients with atherosclerosis and is a strong independent risk factor for ischemic outcomes. However, guidelines do not address screening or treatment for PVD, and there have been no PVD-specific trials. We reviewed subgroup analyses of large randomized controlled trials of more intense antithrombotic therapy to determine whether increased intensity of therapy improved ischemic outcomes in patients with PVD. Methods MEDLINE, MEDLINE in-Process, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were queried for randomized controlled trials larger than 5000 patients evaluating secondary prevention therapies in patients with c…
Coronary Serum Obtained After Myocardial Infarction Induces Angiogenesis and Microvascular Obstruction Repair. Role of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1A.
2017
Microvascular obstruction (MVO) exerts deleterious effects following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We investigated coronary angiogenesis induced by coronary serum and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1A (HIF-1A) in MVO repair.Myocardial infarction was induced in swine by transitory 90-minute coronary occlusion. The pigs were divided into a control group and 4 AMI groups: no reperfusion, 1minute, 1 week and 1 month after reperfusion. Microvascular obstruction and microvessel density were quantified. The proangiogenic effect of coronary serum drawn from coronary sinus on endothelial cells was evaluated using an in vitro tubulogenesis assay. Circulating and myocardial HIF-1A levels an…
Ischemia-reperfusion injury to coronary arteries: Comprehensive microscopic study after reperfused myocardial infarction.
2021
Abstract Background Coronary arteries supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart. We evaluated the dynamics of microscopic damage throughout the ischemia-reperfusion process in the wall of coronary arteries following myocardial infarction (MI). Methods In a swine model of reperfused MI, animals were divided into one control and four MI groups: 90-min ischemia without reperfusion, or followed by one minute, one week or one month reperfusion. Left anterior descending (LAD; infarct-related artery) and control right coronary arteries (RCA) were isolated. Taking the balloon inflation region as a reference, we isolated the proximal and distal LAD areas, performing histological staining and immunohi…