Search results for "covid"

showing 10 items of 2569 documents

Impact of COVID-19 on global HCV elimination efforts.

2021

Background & Aims COVID-19 has placed significant strain on national healthcare systems at a critical moment in the context of hepatitis elimination. Mathematical models can be used to evaluate the possible impact of programmatic delays on hepatitis disease burden. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the incremental change in hepatitis C liver-related deaths and liver cancer, following a 3-month, 6-month, or 1-year hiatus in hepatitis elimination program progress. Methods Previously developed models were adapted for 110 countries to include a status quo or “no delay” scenario and a “1-year delay” scenario assuming significant disruption in interventions (screening, diagnosis and …

0301 basic medicinePsychological interventioncoronavirusUMIC upper-middle income countriesGlobal HealthUI uncertainty intervalHIC high income countries0302 clinical medicineCost of IllnessLIC low income countriesMedicineUSA United States of AmericaLetter to the EditorMathematical modellingPWID people who inject drugsLiver DiseaseLiver DiseasesVaccinationmathematical modelingGBD Global Burden of DiseaseHepatitis CSVR sustained virologic responseEuropeHCV hepatitis C virusHepatocellular carcinomaHCVGHSS Global Health Sector StrategyRNA Viral030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyAMR region of the AmericasLiver cancerViral hepatitisHumanCarcinoma HepatocellularCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)EMR Eastern Mediterranean regionViral hepatitis eliminationviral hepatitisContext (language use)World Health OrganizationArticleWHO World Health OrganizationTime-to-Treatment03 medical and health scienceseliminationEnvironmental healthHumansLMIC lower-middle income countriesDisease EradicationDisease burdenHepatitisHepatologySARS-CoV-2business.industryWPR Western Pacific regionCOVID-19Models Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseCost of Illne030104 developmental biologySpainHCC hepatocellular carcinomabusinessJournal of hepatology
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Different Within-Host Viral Evolution Dynamics in Severely Immunosuppressed Cases with Persistent SARS-CoV-2

2021

12 páginas, 2 figuras, 1 tabla.

0301 basic medicineQH301-705.5medicine.medical_treatment030106 microbiologyInmunologíaMedicine (miscellaneous)GenomicsSingle-nucleotide polymorphismDiseaseBiologyArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyVirusdiversityPersistence03 medical and health sciencesmedicinegenomicsBiology (General)Evolutionary dynamicsimmunosuppressedDiversitySARS-CoV-2COVID-19ImmunosuppressionGenomicspersistencemedicine.diseaseVirologyviral viabilityLymphoma030104 developmental biologyImmunosuppressedViral evolutionViral viability
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The Good and Bad of Nrf2: An Update in Cancer and New Perspectives in COVID-19

2021

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-known transcription factor best recognised as one of the main regulators of the oxidative stress response. Beyond playing a crucial role in cell defence by transactivating cytoprotective genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, Nrf2 is also implicated in a wide network regulating anti-inflammatory response and metabolic reprogramming. Such a broad spectrum of actions renders the factor a key regulator of cell fate and a strategic player in the control of cell transformation and response to viral infections. The Nrf2 protective roles in normal cells account for its anti-tumour and anti-viral functions. However, Nrf2 over…

0301 basic medicineRegulatorAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDiseaseReviewenvironment and public healthNF-κBAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaNeoplasmsoxidative stressBiology (General)SpectroscopyGeneral Medicinerespiratory systemComputer Science ApplicationsChemistrycell death030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSignal transductionSignal TransductionQH301-705.5NF-E2-Related Factor 2Context (language use)BiologyCatalysisNrf2Inorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesmedicinecancerAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyTranscription factorQD1-999Organic ChemistryCancerCOVID-19NF-κBmedicine.diseaseCOVID-19 Drug Treatment030104 developmental biologychemistryinflammationCytokine stormNeuroscienceInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 Infection: The Results of the SARS-RAS Study of the Italian Society of Hypertension

2021

: The COVID-19 infection has rapidly spread around the world and a second wave is sweeping in many countries. Different clinical and epidemiological aspects characterize the disease and their understanding is necessary to better face the management of the pandemic in progress. The Italian society of arterial hypertension with the SARS-RAS study has contributed significantly to the knowledge of the interaction between inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system and COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, the study results help to understand some of the main aspects related to mortality and morbidity deriving from the infection through a multicentre analysis throughout the national territory.

0301 basic medicineSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaCross-sectional studyDiseaseComorbiditySeverity of Illness IndexComorbiditiesRenin-Angiotensin System0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsSex-differences.EpidemiologyPandemicFrailtySars-Cov2Treatment OutcomeItalyAnti-hypertensive therapy; comorbidities; frailty; Sars-Cov2; sex-differencesHypertensionComorbiditiePosition PaperRisk assessmentCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtySex-differenceRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesPharmacotherapySex FactorsSeverity of illnessmedicineAnti-hypertensive therapy Sars-Cov2 Frailty Comorbidities Sex-differencesInternal MedicineHumansArterial PressureAnti-hypertensive therapy Comorbidities Frailty Sars-Cov2 Sex-differencesIntensive care medicineAnti-hypertensive therapyAntihypertensive AgentsAnti-hypertensive therapy; Comorbidities; Frailty; Sars-Cov2; Sex-differences; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterial Pressure; COVID-19; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Frailty; Humans; Hypertension; Italy; Renin-Angiotensin System; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Treatment OutcomeSettore MED/14 - Nefrologiabusiness.industryCOVID-19medicine.diseaseComorbiditySex-differences030104 developmental biologyCross-Sectional Studiesbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a Large Cohort of Vaccinated Subjects and Seropositive Patients

2021

COVID-19 is a current global threat, and the characterization of antibody response is vitally important to update vaccine development and strategies. In this study we assessed SARS-CoV-2 antibody concentrations in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients (N = 272) and subjects vaccinated with the BNT162b2 m-RNA COVID-19 vaccine (N = 1256). For each participant, socio-demographic data, COVID-19 vaccination records, serological analyses, and SARS-CoV-2 infection status were collected. IgG antibodies against S1/S2 antigens of SARS-CoV-2 were detected. Almost all vaccinated subjects (99.8%) showed a seropositivity to anti-SARS-COV-2 IgG and more than 80% of vaccinated subjects had IgG concentrations &gt

0301 basic medicineSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)virusesImmunologyArticleSerologyPersistence (computer science)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAntigenDrug DiscoveryMedicinePharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineskin and connective tissue diseasesPharmacologyantibody concentrations.biologybusiness.industryImmunogenicitySARS-CoV-2 infectionfungiRantibody concentrationsrespiratory tract diseasesVaccinationbody regions030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesImmunizationImmunologybiology.proteinMedicineAntibodybusinessCOVID-19 vaccineVaccines
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Identification of novel compounds against three targets of SARS CoV-2 coronavirus by combined virtual screening and supervised machine learning.

2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major threat worldwide due to its fast spreading. As yet, there are no established drugs available. Speeding up drug discovery is urgently required. We applied a workflow of combined in silico methods (virtual drug screening, molecular docking and supervised machine learning algorithms) to identify novel drug candidates against COVID-19. We constructed chemical libraries consisting of FDA-approved drugs for drug repositioning and of natural compound datasets from literature mining and the ZINC database to select compounds interacting with SARS-CoV-2 target proteins (spike protein, nucleocapsid protein, and 2′-o-ribose methyltransferase). Supported by…

0301 basic medicineSimeprevirArtificial intelligencevirusesMERS Middle East Respiratory SyndromeHealth InformaticsBiologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genremedicine.disease_causeAntiviral AgentsArticleWHO World Health OrganizationAUC area under the curve03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinessRNA single-stranded RNA virusmedicineChemotherapyHumansSARS severe acute respiratory syndromeCOVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019CoronavirusNatural productsVirtual screeningACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2Drug discoverybusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19LBE lowest binding energyFDA Food and Drug AdministrationROC receiver operating characteristicComputer Science ApplicationsHIV human immunodeficiency virusMolecular Docking SimulationDrug repositioning030104 developmental biologyDrug developmentSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirusParitaprevirInfectious diseasesRespiratory virusArtificial intelligenceSupervised Machine Learningbusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryComputers in biology and medicine
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Screening of potent phytochemical inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 protease and its two Asian mutants

2021

Abstract Background COVID-19, declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus has already killed more than 2.3 million people worldwide. Object The principal intent of this work was to investigate lead compounds by screening natural product library (NPASS) for possible treatment of COVID-19. Methods Pharmacophore features were used to screen a large database to get a small dataset for structure-based virtual screening of natural product compounds. In the structure-based screening, molecular docking was performed to find a potent inhibitor molecule against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-…

0301 basic medicineStereochemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentPhytochemicalsProtein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)Health Informaticsmedicine.disease_causeMolecular Docking SimulationAntiviral AgentsArticleDocking03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansProtease InhibitorsCoronavirusVirtual screeningNatural productsProteaseChemistrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19Computer Science ApplicationsProteaseCoronavirusMolecular Docking Simulation030104 developmental biologyDocking (molecular)PharmacophoreLead compound030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMproPeptide HydrolasesComputers in Biology and Medicine
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COVID 19-Induced Smell and Taste Impairments: Putative Impact on Physiology

2021

This article is part of the Research Topic "The Tribute of Physiology for the Understanding of COVID-19 Disease".; International audience; Smell and taste impairments are recognized as common symptoms in COVID 19 patients even in an asymptomatic phase. Indeed, depending on the country, in up to 85-90% of cases anosmia and dysgeusia are reported. We will review briefly the main mechanisms involved in the physiology of olfaction and taste focusing on receptors and transduction as well as the main neuroanatomical pathways. Then we will examine the current evidences, even if still fragmented and unsystematic, explaining the disturbances and mode of action of the virus at the level of the nasal …

0301 basic medicineTaste2019-20 coronavirus outbreakFood intakeCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]PhysiologyAnosmiaPhysiologyfeeding behaviorOlfactionReviewlcsh:Physiologytaste03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysiology (medical)[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]medicinesmelllcsh:QP1-981business.industryCOVID-193. Good healthDysgeusia[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition030104 developmental biologymedicine.symptomphysiopathologybusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionTransduction (physiology)COVID 19030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFrontiers in Physiology
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Polyphosphate Reverses the Toxicity of the Quasi-Enzyme Bleomycin on Alveolar Endothelial Lung Cells In Vitro

2021

Simple Summary Bleomycin (BLM) is a medication introduced used to treat various types of cancer, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, and Hodgkin’s disease. Its most serious side effect is pulmonary fibrosis and impaired lung function. Using A549 human lung cells it is shown that, in parallel to an increased cell toxicity and DNA damage, BLM causes a marked enlargement of the cell nucleus. This effect is abolished by inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), if this physiological polymer is administered together with BLM. The detoxification of BLM is–most likely–caused by the upregulation of the gene encoding the BLM hydrolase which inactivates BLM in vitro and in vivo. This study contribute…

0301 basic medicinecongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesCancer ResearchDNA damageBleomycinlcsh:RC254-282Article03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineanti-SARS-CoV-2 activityDownregulation and upregulationprevention of fibrosischemistry.chemical_classificationbleomycinpulmonary fibrosisurogenital systemChemistryCell growthCOVID-19nutritional and metabolic diseasespolyphosphatelcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensMolecular biologyIn vitroChromatin030104 developmental biologyEnzymeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisToxicityCancers
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Pharmacological Agents Targeting Thromboinflammation in COVID-19: Review and Implications for Future Research.

2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), currently a worldwide pandemic, is a viral illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The suspected contribution of thrombotic events to morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients has prompted a search for novel potential options for preventing COVID-19-associated thrombotic disease. In this article by the Global COVID-19 Thrombosis Collaborative Group, we describe novel dosing approaches for commonly used antithrombotic agents (especially heparin-based regimens) and the potential use of less widely used antithrombotic drugs in the absence of confirmed thrombosis. Although these therapies may have direct…

0301 basic medicinecoronavirusAnti-Inflammatory AgentsReview Article030204 cardiovascular system & hematologymedicine.disease_causelaw.inventioncovid190302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawAntithromboticPandemicViralanticoagulationCoronavirusGlycosaminoglycansAnimals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticoagulants; Antiviral Agents; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Fibrinolytic Agents; Glycosaminoglycans; Hemostasis; Humans; Inflammation; Pandemics; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Pneumonia Viral; Thrombosiscoronavirus 2immunomodulatorHematologyHeparinThrombosisantithrombinCoronavirus Infectionsmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyPneumonia Viralcoronavirus disease 2019 thrombosis inflammation fibrinolytic therapy anticoagulation immunomodulator antithrombin thrombomodulinAntiviral Agents03 medical and health sciencescoronavirus disease 2019BetacoronavirusFibrinolytic AgentsmedicineAnimalsHumansthrombosis COVID-19 coronavirusDosingIntensive care medicinePandemicsthrombosisInflammationHemostasisbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2AnticoagulantsCOVID-19ThrombosisPneumoniathrombomodulinmedicine.diseaseReview articleCOVID-19 Drug Treatment030104 developmental biologyinflammationfibrinolytic therapybusinessPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsThrombosis and haemostasis
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