Search results for "criminology"
showing 10 items of 387 documents
Gertrude Bonnin on Sexual Morality
2021
This paper examines attitudes to sexual morality held by the Yankton Dakota author and activist Gertrude Bonnin (1876–1938), better known by her penname Zitkála-Šá (Red Bird in Lakota). Bonnin’s concerns encompass several themes: the victimization of Indian women, disintegration of Native courtship rituals, sexual threats posed by peyote use, and the predatory nature of Euro-American men. This critique as a whole — in which a ‘white invasion,’ in her words, leads to a corruption of Native sexuality — sometimes produces inconsistencies, particularly regarding Bonnin’s statements on the alleged sexual perils of peyote. Her investigations into the Oklahoma guardianship scandals of the 1920s, h…
Sin título
2019
El presente artículo aborda una investigación cualitativa rigurosa cuyos resultados reflejan las causas que generan la vulnerabilidad de niños y adolescentes ante la influencia de las pandillas y cómo estos pasan de víctimas a victimarios. Se describe el papel que juegan los adolescentes en las principales pandillas y los factores que inciden en la responsabilidad del Estado sobre la desprotección de la niñez y la adolescencia. This article addresses a rigorous qualitative research whose results reflect the causes that generate the vulnerability of children and adolescents to the influence of gangs and how they pass from victims to victimizers. It describes the role played by adolescents in…
Islander migrations and the oceans : From hopes to fears?
2021
This paper explores islanders’ hopes and fears for migration and non-migration, highlighting the role of the ocean. Migration, non-migration, hope, and fear are human conditions. To examine these conditions for islanders and oceans, this paper uses a qualitative evidence synthesis for collating and interpreting themes on the topic. Some types of hopes and fears, and a few reasons why they might emerge, are covered for islanders and ocean-related migration. Then, different ocean representations which islander migration and non-migration produces and portrays are presented. The conclusions question dichotomies and norms in the context of islander fears and hopes, as well as threats and opport…
The Line: committing and commemorating ‘the crime without a name’
2018
This article analyses Gina Shmukler’s verbatim play The Line (2012) and argues for another look at the testimonies captured from witnesses, survivors and perpetrators of the violence targeting foreign and perceived as foreign persons in South Africa that escalated in 2008 and in 2015. It is a narrative analysis of the play that uses Gregory H. Stanton’s Ten Stages of Genocide model and the United Nations Convention on Genocide to investigate the theatrical representation of the violence. This account argues that the events that are captured in the play and that inspired it should be reconsidered as acts of genocide. In the absence of an official acknowledgement of the events as genocide, pe…
Katherine Watson, Poisoned lives: English poisoners and their victims, London and New York, Hambledon and London, 2004, pp. xiv, 268, illus., £19.99 …
2005
This book provides a fresh look at the social history of poisons and poisoners based on around 500 cases of criminal poisoning that occurred in England between 1750 and 1914. Watson analyses not only published sources but also the rich documents stored at the National Archives at Kew. As a consequence, the study offers reliable statistical data about poisoning and includes a broad range of cases, not only the most famous and popular poisoning trials. First of all, Watson describes the main poisons employed in the nineteenth century, their effects on human bodies and the three ways of detecting them: clinical symptoms, post-mortem autopsies and chemical tests. The different value of these si…
Domestic Homicide and Emotions from the Late Nineteenth Century to the 1920s
2020
Some scholars have suggested that a significant change in homicides and interpersonal violence occurred in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This new type of violence was characterised by strong feelings between the offender and their victim, and the change was connected to modernisation, changes in power balance between men and women, and individualism. Based on the Court of Appeal documents, we deduced that the murder of one’s spouse, father, or brother were the most prevalent homicides within families in Finland at the time. The Court documents, in conjunction with newspaper accounts, captured the trend of troubled family relationships and demonstrated that lethal family…
Killing methods in Sicilian Mafia families
2019
The Sicilian Mafia is a criminal organisation founded in Sicily which is an island south of the Italian mainland in the Mediterranean Sea. Until recently, this organization was responsible for many murders and bombings. However, recently, based on the investigations known as the “Mare Nostrum” operation, the Supreme Court convicted 67 people and sent them to prison. Some defendants were found guilty of as many as 39 murders. This article reviews the forensic analysis that was used when investigating responsibility for these Mafia murders. Our review is based on the court documents and the ballistic investigations which were carried out to evaluate the reliability of “repented” or “pentiti”…
Are Chinese immigrants in Cameroon perceived as a threat?
2021
Chinese immigration to Cameroon has significantly increased within the last two decades. Members of the Cameroonian society have received Chinese presence with mixed feelings. Recent reports indicate that negative attitudes towards Chinese immigrants are on the rise. In a sample of 501 young people, ranging from 17 to 33 years old, this study specifically uses the integrated threat theory of prejudice to analyse the extent to which attitudes towards Chinese immigrants in Cameroon are predicted by the perception of threat. According to the most recent conceptualization of the integrated threat theory, there are two main types of threat that predict negative attitudes towards outgroups. These…
“This Racial Menace”?: Public Health, Venereal Disease and Maori in New Zealand, 1930–1947
2007
In 1939, Whakatane, on the remote east coast of the North Island of New Zealand, came to the attention of the New Zealand Department of Health as an area where syphilis was “suspected [to be] widespread”.1 This isolated part of the country was largely inhabited by Maori communities, and the revelation that venereal disease (VD) was so prevalent caught the Department by surprise, especially as a nationwide public health campaign against venereal disease had been in progress since 1917.2 In response, a comprehensive venereal disease campaign targeting Maori alone was developed––the earliest example of such a focus by the Department. This reaction highlighted what Dr Thomas Ritchie, Director o…
Time cycles of homicide in the early modern Nordic area
2020
An extensive body of criminological research has shown that criminaland violent behaviour manifests time patterns in terms of daily,weekly and annual cycles. This is consistent with criminologicalroutine activities theory. Can we generalize these patterns to historicalperiods? In this article, we draw on a recently created uniquedataset, covering the years 1608–1699 in three Nordic regions, toexplore time cycles of offending in the early modern period.Examining daily, weekly and annual cycles, we find that lethalviolence manifested strong time patterns in the early modernperiod. The role of public holidays was central especially in theperiod lasting from Christmas to Midsummer. Probing the …