Search results for "cross"

showing 10 items of 8498 documents

Observation and Measurement of Forward Proton Scattering in Association with Lepton Pairs Produced via the Photon Fusion Mechanism at ATLAS

2020

The observation of forward proton scattering in association with lepton pairs (eþe− þ p or μþμ− þ p) produced via photon fusion is presented. The scattered proton is detected by the ATLAS Forward Proton spectrometer, while the leptons are reconstructed by the central ATLAS detector. Proton-proton collision data recorded in 2017 at a center-of-mass energy of ffiffiffi s p ¼ 13 TeV are analyzed, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 14.6 fb−1. A total of 57 (123) candidates in the ee þ p (μμ þ p) final state are selected, allowing the background-only hypothesis to be rejected with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations in each channel. Proton-tagging techniques are introduced f…

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Photon13000 GeV-cmsLHC ATLASmeasured [channel cross section]General Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - Experimentelectron: pair productionSubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Integrated LuminosityFusion Mechanismphoton photon: fusionspectrometer [p]Subatomic Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]scattering [p p]pair production [lepton]Electroweak interactionQuantum ChromodynamicsParticle productionNuclear ExperimentSettore FIS/01PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsObservation and MeasurementQuantum electrodynamicsLarge Hadron Colliderp: spectrometerdimuonAtlas (topology)COLLISIONS; PHYSICS; GAMMA; LIGHT; LHCElectroweak interactionDetectorphotonATLASfusion [photon photon]muon: pair production:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]PhotoproductionLIGHTCERN LHC CollATLAS DetectorsLHCcolliding beams [p p]channel cross section: measuredParticle Physics - Experimentsmall-angleParticle physicsp p: scatteringCOLLISIONSp: particle identificationCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 Physicslepton: pair production:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]Particles & FieldsFOS: Physical sciencesparticle identification [p]LHC ATLAS High Energy PhysicsPHYSICS0103 physical sciencesddc:530Cross-Section Measurementpair production [electron]pair production [muon]High Energy Physics010306 general physicsCiencias ExactasATLAS CollaborationScience & TechnologySpectrometerhep-exPomeronsFísicaGAMMALeptonsProton Scatteringexclusive productionPrecision measurementsProton Proton CollisionsStandard DeviationExperimental High Energy PhysicsElementary Particles and FieldsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentHadron-hadron collisionsp p: colliding beamsLeptonacceptanceexperimental results
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Charged jet cross section and fragmentation in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

2019

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. We report the differential charged jet cross section and jet fragmentation distributions measured with the ALICE detector in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy √s=7  TeV. Jets with pseudorapidity |η|40  GeV/c, the pythia calculations also agree with the measured charged jet cross section. pythia6 simulations describe the fragmentation distributions to 15%. Larger discrepancies are observed for pythia8. SCOAP

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)fragmentation [jet]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenameasured [cross section]transverse momentumhiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciencesscattering [pp]Nuclear physicsALICEFragmentation (mass spectrometry)0103 physical sciencesjet fragmentation010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsPP COLLISIONSta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPB COLLISIONS:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUMVDP::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431resolution16. Peace & justicecharged particlejet cross sectionCharged particleNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.ddc::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]pp: scattering ; jet: fragmentation ; cross section: measured ; transverse momentum ; charged particle ; resolution ; PYTHIA ; ALICEVDP::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431PseudorapidityTransverse momentumPYTHIAHigh Energy Physics::Experimentproton-proton collisionsTRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PP COLLISIONS; PB COLLISIONS; PARTICLEPARTICLEPhysical Review D
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Energy dependence of the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles in pp collisions measured by ALICE

2013

Differential cross sections of charged particles in inelastic pp collisions as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ have been measured at $\sqrt{s}=$ 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV at the LHC. The $p_{\rm T}$ spectra are compared to NLO-pQCD calculations. Though the differential cross section for an individual $\sqrt{s}$ cannot be described by NLO-pQCD, the relative increase of cross section with $\sqrt{s}$ is in agreement with NLO-pQCD. Based on these measurements and observations, procedures are discussed to construct pp reference spectra at $\sqrt{s} =$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV up to $p_{\rm T}$ = 50 GeV/$c$ as required for the calculation of the nuclear modification factor in nucleus-nucleus and proton-nucleus coll…

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)heavy ion collisionsNuclear Theory01 natural sciences7. Clean energySpectral lineHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)pp collisionALICEpp collisions; transverse momentum; ALICE[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)transverse momentum distributionNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsLarge Hadron Collidertransverse momentum; pp; ALICE; charged particlesPhysicsCharged particle3. Good health:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]Transverse momentumLhcDiffractionpp collisionsParticle Physics - ExperimentRegular Article - Experimental PhysicsVDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431particle productionFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]transverse momentumtransverse momentum distribution; PP COLLISIONSNuclear physicsRoot-S(Nn)=2.76 TevCross section (physics)0103 physical sciencesNuclear Physics - ExperimentPb-Pb Collisions010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)SuppressionALICE experiment; particle production; heavy ion collisionsVDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTransverse momentum distributions:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]ALICE experimentFunction (mathematics)Proton-Proton Collisionsp-p collisionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentALICE (propellant)Energy (signal processing)
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Measurement of the Lund jet plane using charged particles in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

2020

The prevalence of hadronic jets at the LHC requires that a deep understanding of jet formation and structure is achieved in order to reach the highest levels of experimental and theoretical precision. There have been many measurements of jet substructure at the LHC and previous colliders, but the targeted observables mix physical effects from various origins. Based on a recent proposal to factorize physical effects, this Letter presents a double-differential cross-section measurement of the Lund jet plane using 139  fb−1 of √s=13  TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector using jets with transverse momentum above 675 GeV. The measurement uses charged particles to ac…

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Protonshowers [parton]13000 GeV-cmsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHadronGeneral Physics and Astronomyjet: transverse momentumPhysical Effects01 natural sciencestransverse momentum [jet]High Energy Physics - ExperimentSubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Charged ParticlesSubatomic PhysicsComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Parton showerNuclear ExperimentGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)PhysicsSettore FIS/01Jet (fluid)Large Hadron ColliderDouble Differential Cross SectionsDetectorhadronic [jet]Monte Carlo [numerical calculations]ATLASTransverse Momentacharged particleCharged particlemedicine.anatomical_structureCERN LHC Coll:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]colliding beams [p p]numerical calculations: Monte CarloParticle Physics - Experimentp p: scatteringCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 Physicsformation [jet]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesMeasurements ofLHC ATLAS High Energy Physicsjet: formation530GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUSMonte Carlo Modelparton: showersNuclear physicsdifferential cross section: measuredAtlas (anatomy)Fragmentationmeasured [differential cross section]0103 physical sciencesmedicineddc:530High Energy Physicsstructure010306 general physicsATLAS CollaborationScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSFísicajet: hadronic530 Physikangular resolutionProton Proton CollisionsElementary Particles and FieldsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDetector EffectsHadron-hadron collisionsp p: colliding beamsMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSacceptanceexperimental results
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Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy with the ATLAS detector

2011

Jet cross sections have been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses an integrated luminosity of 17 nb−1 recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. The anti-k t algorithm is used to identify jets, with two jet resolution parameters, R=0.4 and 0.6. The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale, which is determined to within 7% for central jets above 60 GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differential cross sections are presented as functions of jet transverse momentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presented as functions of dijet mass and the angular variable χ. The res…

:Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430 [VDP]Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)4-Jet Observables:Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experimentlaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)law[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Angular-DistributionsMediciónQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsJet (fluid)MultiplicitiesLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHERAATLASINCLUSIVE JET CROSS SECTIONmedicine.anatomical_structurePhotoproductionPhysical SciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentjetsParticle physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasStrong-Coupling Alpha(S)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Nuclear physicsAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineFysikRapidityddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicsColliderEngineering (miscellaneous)Ciencias ExactasHeraCalorimeterATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsParton DistributionsFísicaATLAS detector; proton-proton collisionsExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentResolutionCollider
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Cross-border Entrepreneurial Education, Development and Knowledge and Technology Transfer: Experiences with the Cambridge–Riga Venture Camp Programme…

2021

Over a 6-year period, a collaboration has been developed between a group in Cambridge, UK, and two Latvian Universities, Stockholm School of Economics in Riga and other organisations, including Riga City Council, supported by the British Embassy Riga and the Latvian Embassy in London, enabling structured processes to be developed to identify aspiring entrepreneurs based in Latvia and Estonia and provide education, coaching, mentoring and encouragement first in the home territory, leading to an intense whole-week development venture camp in Cambridge for selected candidates. The programme was extended to provide ongoing business development support for a number of entrepreneurial companies w…

:SOCIAL SCIENCES::Business and economics [Research Subject Categories]cross-border knowledge and technology transfersCambridge–Riga Venture Camp process
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A COLAB model Of workplace transformation in the criminal justice context

2021

AbstractThis chapter presents the COLAB model for promoting organisational learning and innovation with potential application in criminal justice-related organisations. We describe this model as a toolkit that built on the Change Laboratory model of workplace transformation but one augmented with the beneficial components of Activity Clinics, Boundary Crossing Workshops and Codesign methods and developed within the criminal justice context. Limitations and future directions for the model are discussed.

:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Kriminologi: 350 [VDP]05 social scienceseducationVDP::Social science: 200::Law: 340050301 educationBoundary crossing:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Rettsvitenskap: 340 [VDP]Context (language use)Transformation (function)0502 economics and businessVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETYEngineering ethics516 Educational sciencesSociology0503 education050203 business & managementCriminal justice
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Heavy flavour decay muon production at forward rapidity in proton--proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

2012

The production of muons from heavy flavour decays is measured at forward rapidity in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV collected with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The analysis is carried out on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity $L_{\rm int} = 16.5$ nb$^{-1}$. The transverse momentum and rapidity differential production cross sections of muons from heavy flavour decays are measured in the rapidity range 2.5 < y < 4, over the transverse momentum range 2 < $p_{\rm T}$ < 12 GeV/$c$. The results are compared to predictions based on perturbative QCD calculations.

ALICE experiment; P-P collisions; Heavy flavour muon decayProtonAlicePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHeavy flavour muon decayheavy flavour01 natural sciencesPp CollisionsSingle MuonsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEHeavy Flavour Production[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear ExperimentAlice ExperimentALICE experiment; Heavy flavour production; LHC; Pp collisions; Single muons; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsP-P collisionsQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)PhysicsProduction Cross-SectionPerturbative QCDP-P collisionP(P)Over-Bar CollisionsLHC ALICE experiment pp collisions Single muons Heavy flavour productionLHCLhcpp collisionsParticle Physics - ExperimentHeavy flavour productionParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLHC; ALICE; heavy flavourFOS: Physical sciencesalice experiment; pp collisions; heavy flavour production; single muons; lhcNuclear physicsmuon0103 physical sciencesALICE; heavy flavour; muonRapidity010306 general physicsHadron-CollisionsMuonta114Bottom-Quark Production010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyALICE; LHC; CERN; strange particle; pp; 7 TeV; Heavy flavour production; Single muonsALICE experimentSingle muonsJ/Psi ProductionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLepton
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A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Communication Apprehension : A Comparison of Three European Nations

2015

Data from England, Finland, and Germany were used to explore national differences in communication apprehension (CA). Based on the traditions of oral communication training in each nation, and the history of cross-cultural comparisons in CA, it was proposed that national differences would emerge. English participants scored lower than Finnish and German participants on totalCA, publicCA, dyadicCA, and meetingCA; Finnish participants scored higher than all nations on totalCA, dyadicCA, and meetingCA; and German participants consistently scored in the middle on all aspects of CA, except for publicCA. The study of oral communication, conversational style, and politeness are discussed as potent…

ANOVAkulttuuricross-cultural communicationcommunication apprehension
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Random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs: characterisation of a novel experimental model.

2019

BackgroundOrgan cross-talk describes interactions between a primary affected organ and a secondarily injured remote organ, particularly in lung-brain interactions. A common theory is the systemic distribution of inflammatory mediators that are released by the affected organ and transferred through the bloodstream. The present study characterises the baseline immunogenic effects of a novel experimental model of random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs designed to analyse the role of the bloodstream in organ cross-talk.MethodsAfter approval of the State and Institutional Animal Care Committee, 20 anesthetized pig were randomized in a donor and an acceptor (eachn = 8): the acceptor animals …

ARDSmedicine.medical_specialtyBlood transfusionEmergency and Critical Caremedicine.medical_treatmentSurgery and Surgical Specialtieslcsh:MedicineInflammation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPulmonary function testing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineExperimental modelAdverse effectRespiratory MedicineCrosstalkLungAnesthesiology and Pain ManagementWhole bloodInflammationLungbusiness.industryTransfusionGeneral Neurosciencelcsh:RBrain030208 emergency & critical care medicineHematologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseBloodPig modellmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaARDSHistopathologymedicine.symptomGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinessPeerJ
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