Search results for "crossover"

showing 10 items of 658 documents

Light-Induced Excited Spin State Trapping in Iron(II) Complexes

1987

In the course of our studies on the thermally induced high spin (HS) ↔ low spin (LS) transition in iron(II) complexes /1/, \({\!^5{\text{T}}_2}_{\text{g}}\) ↔ \({\!^1{\text{A}}_1}_{\text{g}}\) in the approximation of Oh symmetry, we have observed in 1984 a new photophysical effect /2/: If, at sufficiently low temperature, the solid spin crossover complex is irradiated with green light into the \({\!^1{\text{A}}_1}\)→ \({\!^1{\text{T}}_1}\) ligand field absorption band, the thermodynamically stable LS state can be converted to the metastable HS state and trapped with practically infinite lifetime. We have called this unusual phenomenon “Light-Induced Excited Spin State Trapping (LIESST)”.

PhysicsLigand field theoryCrystallographySpin statesSpin crossoverAbsorption bandExcited stateMetastabilitySpin (physics)LIESST
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The mean field to Ising crossover in the critical behavior of polymer mixtures : a finite size scaling analysis of Monte Carlo simulations

1993

Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetrical polymer mixtures (chain lengths N A =N B =N) are analyzed near the critical temperature T c (N) of their unmixing transition. Two choices of interaction range are studied, using a square-well potential with effective coordination number z eff ≃ 14 or z eff ≃ 5, respectively, at a volume fraction O= 0.5 of occupied lattice sites, and chain lengths in the range 8≤ N≤ 512. A linear relation between N and T c (N) is established, T c (N)= AN+B, where the correction term B is positive for z eff = 14 but negative for z eff = 5. The critical behavior of the models is analyzed via finite size scaling techniques, paying attention to…

PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsCoordination numberCrossoverMonte Carlo methodGeneral EngineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMean field theoryLattice (order)Ising modelStatistical physicsCritical exponentScalingJournal de Physique II
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Crossover from Rouse to Reptation Dynamics: A Molecular-Dynamics Simulation

1988

We present the results of an extensive molecular-dynamics simulation of a dense polymer system. We show for the first time that simulations are able to cover the whole regime from pure Rouse dynamics to reptation dynamics and give strong evidence of the latter. The mean square displacements clearly exhibit a ${t}^{\frac{1}{4}}$ power law. A mode analysis shows that the high-frequency modes follow the Rouse relaxation while those at lower frequency display reptation relaxation. Both quantities give the same entanglement length.

PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesDynamics (mechanics)CrossoverGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum entanglementPower lawCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicsReptationCover (topology)Relaxation (physics)Physical chemistryStatistical physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Classical-to-quantum crossover in electron on-demand emission

2017

Emergence of a classical particle trajectory concept from the full quantum description is a key feature of quantum mechanics. Recent progress of solid state on-demand sources has brought single-electron manipulation into the quantum regime, however, the quantum-to-classical crossover remains unprobed. Here we describe theoretically a mechanism for generating single-electron wave packets by tunneling from a driven localized state, and show how to tune the degree of quantumness. Applying our theory to existing on-demand sources, we demonstrate the feasibility of an experimental investigation of quantum-to-classical crossover for single electrons, and open up yet unexplored potential for few-e…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsWave packetCrossoverFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesQuantum technologyQuantum mechanicsOn demand0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Particle trajectory010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumQuantum tunnelling
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Continuum limit in random sequential adsorption.

1991

We develop analytical estimates of the late-stage (long-time) asymptotic behavior of the coverage in the D-dimensional lattice models of irreversible deposition of hypercube-shaped particles. Our results elucidate the crossover from the exponential time dependence for the lattice case to the power-law behavior with a multiplicative logarithmic factor, in the continuum deposition. Numerical Monte Carlo results are reported for the two-dimensional (2D) deposition, both lattice and continuum. Combined with the exact 1D results, they are used to test the general theoretical expectations for the late-stage deposition kinetics. New accurate estimates of the jamming coverages in 2D rule out some e…

PhysicsRandom sequential adsorptionLogarithmLattice (order)Monte Carlo methodCrossoverMultiplicative functionJammingStatistical physicsExponential functionPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Unidirectional reflection from an integrated "taiji" microresonator

2020

We study light transmission and reflection from an integrated microresonator device, formed by a circular microresonator coupled to a bus waveguide, with an embedded S-shaped additional crossover waveguide element that selectively couples counter-propagating modes in a propagation-direction-dependent way. The overall shape of the device resembles a "taiji"symbol, hence its name. While Lorentz reciprocity is preserved in transmission, the peculiar geometry allows us to exploit the non-Hermitian nature of the system to obtain high-contrast unidirectional reflection with negligible reflection for light incident in one direction and a significant reflection in the opposite direction.

PhysicsReciprocity; photonic device; microcavityLight transmissionbusiness.industryLorentz transformationCrossoverPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyÒptica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOpticsReciprocity (electromagnetism)0103 physical sciencessymbols0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Dynamic fragmentation of a two-dimensional brittle material with quenched disorder

1997

Fragmentation of a two-dimensional brittle material caused by a rapid impact has been analyzed. Computer simulations together with simple arguments are used to obtain a qualitative understanding of crack formation, which is then used to derive an exponential fragment size distribution valid in the large fragment size limit. In the limit of small fragments this distribution is solved numerically, and it is found to obey a scaling law with the exponent {minus}1.5. These results suggest that two different mechanisms are operative in the fragmentation process: branching of propagating cracks determines the small fragment size limit, and merging of the nucleated cracks determines the large size …

PhysicsScaling lawBrittlenessFragmentation (mass spectrometry)CrossoverExponentFracture mechanicsLarge fragmentStatistical physicsExponential functionPhysical Review E
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One-dimensional Ising-like systems: an analytical investigation of the static and dynamic properties, applied to spin-crossover relaxation

2000

We investigate the dynamical properties of the 1-D Ising-like Hamiltonian taking into account short and long range interactions, in order to predict the static and dynamic behavior of spin crossover systems. The stochastic treatment is carried out within the frame of the local equilibrium method [1]. The calculations yield, at thermodynamic equilibrium, the exact analytic expression previously obtained by the transfer matrix technique [2]. We mainly discuss the shape of the relaxation curves: (i) for large (positive) values of the short range interaction parameter, a saturation of the relaxation curves is observed, reminiscent of the behavior of the width of the static hysteresis loop [3]; …

PhysicsSolid-state physicsCondensed matter physicsThermodynamic equilibriumComplex systemCondensed Matter PhysicsTransfer matrixElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeSpin crossoversymbolsIsing modelStatistical physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Phase diagramThe European Physical Journal B
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Shape of crossover between mean-field and asymptotic critical behavior in a three-dimensional Ising lattice

1998

Recent numerical studies of the susceptibility of the three-dimensional Ising model with various interaction ranges have been analyzed with a crossover model based on renormalization-group matching theory. It is shown that the model yields an accurate description of the crossover function for the susceptibility.

PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Matching (graph theory)CrossoverFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFunction (mathematics)Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterMean field theoryIsing latticeSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsIsing modelStatistical physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysics Letters A
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Kinetic Roughening in Slow Combustion of Paper

2001

Results of experiments on the dynamics and kinetic roughening of one-dimensional slow-combustion fronts in three grades of paper are reported. Extensive averaging of the data allows a detailed analysis of the spatial and temporal development of the interface fluctuations. The asymptotic scaling properties, on long length and time scales, are well described by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation with short-range, uncorrelated noise. To obtain a more detailed picture of the strong-coupling fixed point, characteristic of the KPZ universality class, universal amplitude ratios, and the universal coupling constant are computed from the data and found to be in good agreement with theory. Below …

PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)PhysicspaperCrossoverFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Fixed pointRenormalization groupCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksKinetic energyNoise (electronics)AmplitudeCondensed Matter::Statistical MechanicsStatistical physicsinterface dynamicsslow combustionkinetic rougheningConstant (mathematics)ScalingCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical Review Letters
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