Search results for "cryptography"

Life-Cycle Costing Decision-Making Methodology and Urban Intersection Design: Modelling and Analysis for a Circular City

2021

The importance of being circular reflects one of the key concepts of the life-cycle thinking that promotes the sustainable production of goods and services. If it is true that the analysis of the product life-cycle is fundamental to optimize the use of resources and to plan for the future reduction of adverse effects on urban environment, it is also true that there are still several barriers covering conceptual and practical issues which hinder the building of shared approaches for the economic evaluation of infrastructure projects. The chapter presents a case study where the Life-Cycle Cost methodology is used to compare three alternative intersection projects based on their total life-cyc…

Robust Energy Scheduling in Vehicle-to-Grid Networks

2017

The uncertainties brought by intermittent renewable generation and uncoordinated charging behaviors of EVs pose great challenges to the reliable operation of power systems, which motivates us to explore the integration of robust optimization with energy scheduling in V2G networks. In this article, we first introduce V2G robust energy scheduling problems and review the stateof- the art contributions from the perspectives of renewable energy integration, ancillary service provision, and proactive demand-side participation in the electricity market. Second, for each category of V2G applications, the corresponding problem formulations, robust solution concepts, and design approaches are describ…

The COVID-19 pandemic could be a setback for gender equality in oncology-and a key moment to push ahead with transformative policies.

2021

A critical review on the implementation of static data sampling techniques to detect network attacks

2021

International audience; Given that the Internet traffic speed and volume are growing at a rapid pace, monitoring the network in a real-time manner has introduced several issues in terms of computing and storage capabilities. Fast processing of traffic data and early warnings on the detected attacks are required while maintaining a single pass over the traffic measurements. To palliate these problems, one can reduce the amount of traffic to be processed by using a sampling technique and detect the attacks based on the sampled traffic. Different parameters have an impact on the efficiency of this process, mainly, the applied sampling policy and sampling ratio. In this paper, we investigate th…

On the Assessment of Fitness to Drive: Steering and Brake Operative Forces

2021

[EN] The Directive (EU) 2015/653 aimed at facilitating that the maximum force that any disabled driver could make on the vehicle's primary controls could be adjusted to their needs. The technical adjustment in the vehicle's design requires a measurement of the operational forces applied by the driver on the steering and brake controls, in order to determine its functional capacity during the execution of driving maneuvers. The objective of this paper is to define the steering and braking operative forces used for driving current market M1 motor vehicles for the ¿fitness to drive assessment of drivers with physical disabilities. A total of 200 trials were performed with 17 different vehicles…

A Language and Platform Independent Co-Simulation Framework Based on the Functional Mock-Up Interface

2019

The main goal of the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) standard is to allow the sharing of simulation models across tools. To accomplish this, FMI relies on a combination of XML-files and compiled C-code packaged in a zip archive. This archive is called a Functional Mock-up Unit (FMU). In theory, an FMU can support multiple platforms, but not necessarily in practice. Furthermore, software libraries for interacting with FMUs may not be available in a particular language or platform. Another issue is related to the protection of intellectual property (IP). While an FMU is free to only provide the C-code in its binary form, other resources within the FMU may be unprotected. Distributing model…

An efficient data model for energy prediction using wireless sensors

2019

International audience; Energy prediction is in high importance for smart homes and smart cities, since it helps reduce power consumption and provides better energy and cost savings. Many algorithms have been used for predicting energy consumption using data collected from Internet of Things (IoT) devices and wireless sensors. In this paper, we propose a system based on Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) to predict energy consumption of a building using collected information (e.g., light energy, day of the week, humidity, temperature, etc.) from a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). We compare our system against four other classification algorithms, namely: Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Machin…

Model-based specification and validation of the dual-mode adaptive MAC protocol

2018

Wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) rely on MAC protocols to coordinate access to the wireless medium access and for managing the radio unit on each device. The dual-mode adaptive MAC (DMAMAC) protocol is a recently proposed protocol designed to reduce the energy consumption of the radio communication in WSANs. The DMAMAC protocol targets the industrial WSANs used for real-time process control. At its core, DMAMAC exploits the distinction between transient and steady of the controlled plant process to dynamically adapt the MAC superframe structure and thereby conserve energy. The switch between steady and transient mode of operation is a safety-critical part of the protocol. The c…

Comparing DNA sequence collections by direct comparison of compressed text indexes

2012

Popular sequence alignment tools such as BWA convert a reference genome to an indexing data structure based on the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT), from which matches to individual query sequences can be rapidly determined. However the utility of also indexing the query sequences themselves remains relatively unexplored. Here we show that an all-against-all comparison of two sequence collections can be computed from the BWT of each collection with the BWTs held entirely in external memory, i.e. on disk and not in RAM. As an application of this technique, we show that BWTs of transcriptomic and genomic reads can be compared to obtain reference-free predictions of splice junctions that have h…

Sustainable Infrastructure Projects: Systemic versus Traditional Delivery Models

2021

Sustainability involves multiple environmental, technical, social and economic factors, and such complex analysis requires systemic solutions. Delivery models are key to achieving system benefits and enhancing sustainable development in infrastructure investments. They define the phases of a project, incentive structures, risk sharing and the relationships among the actors in it. They are usually developed early in the project and determine the project dynamics and outcomes. We compared traditional delivery models with systemic ones. We identified and illustrated elements that differ between them through two cases. The contribution is an increased understanding of how systemic infrastructur…