Search results for "cycle"
showing 10 items of 3119 documents
Acute telomerase components depletion triggers oxidative stress as an early event previous to telomeric shortening
2018
Loss of function of dyskerin (DKC1), NOP10 and TIN2 are responsible for different inheritance patterns of Dyskeratosis congenita (DC; ORPHA1775). They are key components of telomerase (DKC1 and NOP10) and shelterin (TIN2), and play an important role in telomere homeostasis. They participate in several fundamental cellular processes by contributing to Dyskeratosis congenita through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Presence of oxidative stress was postulated to result from telomerase ablation. However, the resulting disturbed redox status can promote telomere attrition by generating a vicious circle, which promotes cellular senescence. This fact prompted us to study if acute loss of …
Palmitoylation is a post-translational modification of Alix regulating the membrane organization of exosome-like small extracellular vesicles.
2018
Abstract Background Virtually all cell types have the capacity to secrete nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles, which have emerged in recent years as potent signal transducers and cell-cell communicators. The multifunctional protein Alix is a bona fide exosomal regulator and skeletal muscle cells can release Alix-positive nano-sized extracellular vesicles, offering a new paradigm for understanding how myofibers communicate within skeletal muscle and with other organs. S-palmitoylation is a reversible lipid post-translational modification, involved in different biological processes, such as the trafficking of membrane proteins, achievement of stable protein conformations, and stabilization…
Synthesis and antitumor activities of 1,2,3-triazines and their benzo- and heterofused derivatives
2017
1,2,3-Triazines are a class of biologically active compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiproliferative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This review, which covers the literature from the end of last century to 2016, treats, through a comprehensive, systematic approach, the 1,2,3-triazine and related benzo- and hetero-fused derivatives possessing antitumor activity. Their efficacy, combined with a simple synthesis confers to these molecules a great potential as scaffold for the development of antitumor compounds.
Cytoprotective and antioxidant properties of organic selenides for the myelin-forming cells, oligodendrocytes.
2018
Abstract Here a new series of twenty-one organoselenides, of potential protective activity, were synthesized and tested for their intrinsic cytotoxicity, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant capacities in oligodendrocytes. Most of the organoselenides were able to decrease the ROS levels, revealing antioxidant properties. Compounds 5b and 7b showed a high glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activities, which were 1.5 folds more active than ebselen. Remarkably, compound 5a diminished the formation of the oligodendrocytes SubG1 peak in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating its anti-apoptotic properties. Furthermore, based on the SwissADME web interface, we performed an in-silico structure-activ…
Theabrownin triggersDNAdamage to suppress human osteosarcoma U2OScells by activating p53 signalling pathway
2018
Abstract Osteosarcoma becomes the second leading cause of cancer death in the younger population. Current outcomes of chemotherapy on osteosarcoma were unsatisfactory to date, demanding development of effective therapies. Tea is a commonly used beverage beneficial to human health. As a major component of tea, theabrownin has been reported to possess anti‐cancer activity. To evaluate its anti‐osteosarcoma effect, we established a xenograft model of zebrafish and employed U2OS cells for in vivo and in vitro assays. The animal data showed that TB significantly inhibited the tumour growth with stronger effect than that of chemotherapy. The cellular data confirmed that TB‐triggered DNA damage an…
AMG900 as novel inhibitor of the translationally controlled tumor protein
2020
Abstract Introduction Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Classical cytotoxic chemotherapy exerts high side effects and low tumor selectivity. Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a target for differentiation therapy, a promising, new therapeutic approach, which is expected to be more selective and less toxic than cytotoxic chemotherapy. The aim of the present investigation was to identify novel TCTP inhibitors. Methods We performed in silico screening and molecular docking using a chemical library of more than 31,000 compounds to identify a novel inhibitor of TCTP. We tested AMG900 in vitro for binding to TCTP by microscale thermophoresis and co-immunoprec…
Contribution of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria to total organic carbon pool in aquatic system of subtropical karst catchments, Southwest Ch…
2017
Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria may play a particular role in carbon cycling of aquatic systems. However, little is known about the interaction between aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and hydrochemistry in groundwater-surface water exchange systems of subtropical karst catchments. We carried out a detailed study on the abundance of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and bacterioplankton, hydrochemistry and taxonomy of bacterioplankton in the Maocun watershed, Southwest China, an area with karst geological background. Our results revealed that bacteria are the important contributors to total organic carbon source/sequestration in the groundwater-surface water of this …
Exotic Halophila stipulacea is an introduced carbon sink for the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.
2018
AbstractCarbon and nitrogen storage in exotic Halophila stipulacea were compared to that in native Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa meadows and adjacent unvegetated sediments of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea and to that in native H. stipulacea of the Red Sea at sites with different biogeochemical conditions and level of human pressure. Exotic H. stipulacea possessed considerable storing capacity, with 2-fold higher Corg stock (0.71 ± 0.05 kg m−2 in the top 20 cm of sediment) and burial (14.78 gCorg m−2 y−1) than unvegetated areas and C. nodosa meadows and, surprisingly, comparable to P. oceanica. N (0.07 ± 0.01 kg m−2) and Cinorg (14.06 ± 8.02 kg m−2) stocks were similar between H. s…
Distribution, redox state and (bio)geochemical implications of arsenic in present day microbialites of Laguna Brava, Salar de Atacama
2018
Understanding how microorganisms adapted to the high arsenic concentration present on early Earth requires understanding of the processes involved in the arsenic biogeochemical cycle operating in living microbial mats. To this end, we investigated a living microbial mat from Laguna Brava (Salar de Atacama, Chile), a hypersaline lake with high arsenic concentration, using an array of conventional geochemical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, SEM-EDX and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), combined with state-of-the-art high resolution scanning imaging techniques, including X-ray micro-fluorescence (μXRF) and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) mapping. This experimental …
Efficient recycling of nutrients in modern and past hypersaline environments
2019
The biogeochemistry of hypersaline environments is strongly influenced by changes in biological processes and physicochemical parameters. Although massive evaporation events have occurred repeatedly throughout Earth history, their biogeochemical cycles and global impact remain poorly understood. Here, we provide the first nitrogen isotopic data for nutrients and chloropigments from modern shallow hypersaline environments (solar salterns, Trapani, Italy) and apply the obtained insights to ¿ 15 N signatures of the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC) in the late Miocene. Concentrations and ¿ 15 N of chlorophyll a, bacteriochlorophyll a, nitrate, and ammonium in benthic microbial mats indicate that…