Search results for "cyclin A"

2021

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors predominate as first-line therapy options for renal cell carcinoma. When first-line TKI therapy fails due to resistance development, an optimal second-line therapy has not yet been established. The present investigation is directed towards comparing the anti-angiogenic properties of the TKIs, sorafenib and axitinib on human endothelial cells (HUVECs) with acquired resistance towards the TKI sunitinib. HUVECs were driven to resistance by continuously exposing them to sunitinib for six weeks. They were then switched to a 24 h or further six weeks treatment with sorafenib or axitinib. HUVEC growth, as well as angiogenesis (tube…

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent cell cycle arrest in isolated mouse oval cells

2013

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which mediates toxic responses to environmental pollutants, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. Besides its well known role in induction of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, for instance CYP1A1, the AhR is also involved in tumor promotion in rodents although the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Additionally, the AhR is known to regulate cellular proliferation, which might result in either inhibition or stimulation of proliferation depending on the cell-type studied. Potential targets in hepatocarcinogenesis are liver oval (stem/progenitor) cells. In the pres…