Search results for "cytoplasm"
showing 10 items of 659 documents
Antral follicle count (AFC) can be used in the prediction of ovarian response but cannot predict the oocyte/embryo quality or the in vitro fertilizat…
2007
To verify whether the antral follicle count (AFC) could predict ovarian response, oocyte/embryo quality, and IVF outcome.Prospective study.Instituto Universitario-Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain.One thousand seventy-four donors and 975 oocyte recipient cycles.Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), endometrial preparation, IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ET.COH and oocyte/embryo quality parameters and IVF outcome.We observed lower E(2) levels and fewer mature retrieved oocyte numbers among donors who showed an AFC that was10. These donors also showed significantly higher cancellation and no-donation rates; poor and/or insufficient response was the principal ca…
A high oocyte yield for intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment is associated with an increased chromosome error rate.
2009
Objective To compare the chromosome error rate among oocytes from stimulated ovaries after retrieval of 1–5 oocytes, 6–10 oocytes, and >10 oocytes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting A university-based human genetic institute in collaboration with a private fertility center. Patient(s) Nine hundred thirty-three women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with a poor prognosis. Intervention(s) Oocyte collection with ovarian stimulation. Polar body testing of ICSI oocytes for common chromosome errors. Main Outcome Measure(s) Chromosome error rate in oocytes, as determined by five-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. Result(s) In women less than 35 years and women bet…
Interaction of prion protein mRNA with CBP35 and other cellular proteins: possible implications for prion replication and age-dependent changes.
1996
Abstract A study of the intracellular distribution of prion protein (PrP) in N2a neuroblastoma cells which had been infected with prions (ScN2a cells) revealed that most PrP is present in the cytoplasm. However, a significant amount of PrP is also present in the nucleus (predominantly in the nucleoli) of these cells, as analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. By contrast, no PrP could be detected in the nucleus of uninfected N2a cells. The steady-state level of PrP mRNA did not markedly differ between the two cell strains. Likewise, no changes were found in the rate of transcription and in the half-life of PrP mRNA. A number of cellular proteins, among them the nuclear lectin CBP35,…
Induction of Transglutaminase 2 by a Liver X Receptor/Retinoic Acid Receptor α Pathway Increases the Clearance of Apoptotic Cells by Human Macrophages
2009
Rationale: Liver X receptors (LXRs) are oxysterol-activated nuclear receptors that are involved in the control of cholesterol homeostasis and inflammatory response. Human monocytes and macrophages express high levels of these receptors and are appropriate cells to study the response to LXR agonists. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify new LXR targets in human primary monocytes and macrophages and the consequences of their activation. Methods and Results: We show that LXR agonists significantly increase the mRNA and protein levels of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α in primary monocytes and macrophages. LXR agonists promote RARα gene transcription through binding to a spec…
Evolutionary History and Functional Characterization of the Amphibian Xenosensor CAR
2011
AbstractThe xenosensing constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is widely considered to have arisen in early mammals via duplication of the pregnane X receptor (PXR). We report that CAR emerged together with PXR and the vitamin D receptor from an ancestral NR1I gene already in early vertebrates, as a result of whole-genome duplications. CAR genes were subsequently lost from the fish lineage, but they are conserved in all taxa of land vertebrates. This contrasts with PXR, which is found in most fish species, whereas it is lost from Sauropsida (reptiles and birds) and plays a role unrelated to xenosensing in Xenopus. This role is fulfilled in Xenopus by CAR, which exhibits low basal activity a…
Neutrophil extracellular traps arm DC vaccination against NPM-mutant myeloproliferation
2021
AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NET) are web-like chromatin structures composed by dsDNA and histones, decorated with anti-microbial proteins. Their interaction with dendritic cells (DC) allows DC activation and maturation toward presentation of NET-associated antigens. Differently from other types of cell death that imply protein denaturation, NETosis preserves the proteins localized onto the DNA threads for proper enzymatic activity and conformational status, including immunogenic epitopes. Besides neutrophils, leukemic cells can release extracellular traps displaying leukemia-associated antigens, prototypically mutant nucleophosmin (NPMc+) that upon mutation translocates from nuc…
Small round blue cell sarcoma of bone mimicking atypical Ewing's sarcoma with neuroectodermal features. An analysis of five cases with immunohistoche…
1987
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) of bone may occasionally display rosette-like textures mimicking Homer-Wright ones, as seen in neuroectodermic neoplasms (neuroblastoma, peripheral neuroepithelioma). Of a group of 39 cases of ES, reviewed with electron microscopic study, the authors have isolated five atypical ES, which histologically also possessed neuroectodermic traces. These tumors were composed of small round blue cells with rosette-like figures and cytoplasmic glycogen. The immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as well as for HNK-1 (leu-7) monoclonal antibody. Electron microscopic examination confirmed the tumor cell as being of small round type, with a …
Gamma delta T cells inhibit in vitro growth of the asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum by a granule exocytosis-dependent cytotoxic pathway …
2004
Several reports have stated the ability of gamma delta T cells to inhibit the growth of the asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. However, little information is available about the mechanisms involved. In this study, in vitro systems were used to study the role of the granule exocytosis-dependent cytotoxic pathway in the growth inhibition/killing of P. falciparum by human gamma delta T cells. Our results show that the inhibition requires cell-to-cell contact and that gamma delta T cells kill the asexual blood stages of P. falciparum through a granule exocytosis-dependent cytotoxic pathway after recognition of certain ligands or molecules expressed on the surface of infecte…
Progress in electron microscopic diagnostics: semi-quantitative determination of precipitable calcium in different cell types of the organ of Corti i…
1991
Potassium antimonate was used to precipitate calcium in the cochlea of the guinea-pig. The distribution of the calcium antimonate precipitates was analysed by electron microscopy. The precipitate density was determined in different cell types in the organ of Corti by counting the number of calcium binding sites in a 10-micron 2 area. The size of the precipitates varied considerably, and thus the relative amount of the precipitable calcium was estimated only semi-quantitatively. As the prominent carbon signal is superimposed over the nearby small Ca(2+)-edge signals, the combined signal of the antimony M4,5-edge and the oxygen K-edge of the calcium antimonate salt formed was chosen for the s…
Use of electron spectroscopic imaging to determine element composition of the melanin granules in the stria vascularis of the guinea pig.
1998
Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) was used to analyze the element content of melanin granules in the stria vascularis seen in ultrathin sections of Spurr-embedded cochleae of the guinea pig. To determine element composition, ESI images were taken at different ionization edges, and non-specific background signals were subtracted digitally by an image processing system. The presence of calcium and nitrogen in the melanin granules could be demonstrated clearly. The calcium identified in the melanin granules was then compared with the spatial distributions of calcium binding sites after the application of an antimonate precipitation method, which was used to localize loosely bound calcium. D…