Search results for "cytoplasm"
showing 10 items of 659 documents
The carriers of the A/G-G/G allelic combination of the c.2039 A>G and c.-29 G>A FSH receptor polymorphisms retrieve the highest number of oocytes in …
2016
The objective of this study was the elucidation of the possible role of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at position -29 and 2039 of the FSH receptor gene (FSHR) as independent predictive markers of ovarian response. Indeed, the tailoring of reproductive treatments is crucial for both maximizing the success of IVF patients and obtaining a reduction in hypo- or hyper-response rates. This prospective, observational study analyzed the association of -29 and 2039 FSHR polymorphisms with the number of retrieved oocytes in 140 patients attending an IVF/ICSI cycle for severe male factors (≤5,000,000 spermatozoa/mL) or tubal factors at the ANDROS Day Surgery Clinic, Palermo, Italy. The res…
Combination of metabolism measurement and a time-lapse system provides an embryo selection method based on oxygen uptake and chronology of cytokinesi…
2016
Objective To evaluate correlations between oxygen consumption (OC) measurements before and after embryo cytokinesis, observing OC during embryo cleavages and combining that information with morphokinetics to relate to implantation potential. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting University-affiliated private IVF unit. Patient(s) A total of 1,150 injected oocytes in 86 first oocyte donation cycles with embryo transfer on day 3. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measurement(s) We analyzed the embryo OC and combined this data with the cytokinesis event, exact timing (in hours) of blastomeric cleavages, with the use of an incubator equipped with time-lapse videography, gathering a total of …
Neuronal inhibition of the autophagy nucleation complex extends life span in post-reproductive C. elegans
2017
Autophagy is a ubiquitous catabolic process that causes cellular bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components and is generally associated with positive effects on health and longevity. Inactivation of autophagy has been linked with detrimental effects on cells and organisms. The antagonistic pleiotropy theory postulates that some fitness-promoting genes during youth are harmful during aging. On this basis, we examined genes mediating post-reproductive longevity using an RNAi screen. From this screen, we identified 30 novel regulators of post-reproductive longevity, including pha-4. Through downstream analysis of pha-4, we identified that the inactivation of genes governing the early stages of…
Simultaneous lipidomic and transcriptomic profiling in mouse brain punches of acute epileptic seizure model compared to controls
2018
In this study, we report the development of a dual extraction protocol for RNA and lipids, including phospholipids, endocannabinoids, and arachidonic acid, at high spatial resolution, e.g., brain punches obtained from whole frozen brains corresponding to four brain subregions: dorsal hippocampus, ventral hippocampus, basolateral amygdala, and hypothalamus. This extraction method combined with LC/multiple reaction monitoring for lipid quantification and quantitative PCR for RNA investigation allows lipidomic and transcriptomic profiling from submilligram amounts of tissue, thus benefiting the time and animal costs for analysis and the data reliability due to prevention of biological variabil…
ALS-Related Mutant FUS Protein Is Mislocalized to Cytoplasm and Is Recruited into Stress Granules of Fibroblasts from Asymptomatic <b><i>…
2017
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) shows a strong genetic basis, with <i>SOD1</i>, <i>FUS</i>, <i>TARDBP</i>, and <i>C9ORF72 </i>being the genes most frequently involved<i>. </i>This has allowed identification of asymptomatic mutation carriers, which may be of help in understanding the molecular changes preceding disease onset. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We studied the cellular expression of FUS protein and the effect of heat-shock- and dithiothreitol-induced stress in fibroblasts from <i>FUS</i> P525L mutation carriers, healthy controls, and pati…
Study of nucleation status in the second cell cycle of human embryo and its impact on implantation rate
2016
Objective To study nucleation status in two- and four-cell embryos and its effect on reproductive outcomes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting University-affiliated private center. Patient(s) A total of 1,679 embryos from 940 oocyte donation cycles from May 2012 to May 2014. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Implantation, morphokinetics, and nucleation status restoration. Result(s) Multinucleation was present in 42.53% of embryos with known implantation data at the two-cell stage; it was present in approximately 14% of them at the four-cell stage. In all, 73.4% of the embryos were multinucleated at two cells and restored their nucleation status when they cleaved into fou…
Impaired Platelet Function in Sept8-Deficient Mice In Vitro.
2020
AbstractSeptins (Septs) are a widely expressed protein family of 13 mammalian members, recognized as a unique component of the cytoskeleton. In human platelets, we previously described that SEPT4 and SEPT8 are localized surrounding α-granules and move to the platelet surface after activation, indicating a possible role in platelet physiology. In this study, we investigated the impact of Sept8 on platelet function in vitro using Sept8-deficient mouse platelets. Deletion of Sept8 in mouse platelets caused a pronounced defect in activation of the fibrinogen receptor integrin αIIbβ3, α-granule exocytosis, and aggregation, especially in response to the glycoprotein VI agonist convulxin. In contr…
Taking the stock of granule cargo: Platelet releasate proteomics.
2016
Human platelets are key players in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes. Upon activation they release cargo from different types of granules as well as microparticles in an apparently well-regulated and orchestrated manner. The resulting specific platelet releasates create microenvironments of biologically active compounds and proteins during platelet aggregation and thrombus formation, allowing efficient delivery of growth factors and immune modulators to their sites of effect and enhancing the coagulative response in a positive feedback loop. Thus, platelet releasates play a central role in the regulation of platelet homeostasis and heterotypic cell interaction. Additio…
Phosphoproteome Profiling Reveals Multifunctional Protein NPM1 as part of the Irradiation Response of Tumor Cells
2019
To fight resistances to radiotherapy, the understanding of escape mechanisms of tumor cells is crucial. The aim of this study was to identify phosphoproteins that are regulated upon irradiation. The comparative analysis of the phosphoproteome before and after irradiation brought nucleophosmin (NPM1) into focus as a versatile phosphoprotein that has already been associated with tumorigenesis. We could show that knockdown of NPM1 significantly reduces tumor cell survival after irradiation. NPM1 is dephosphorylated stepwise within 1 hour after irradiation at two of its major phosphorylation sites: threonine-199 and threonine-234/237. This dephosphorylation is not the result of a fast cell cycl…
A Pathology-Based Combined Model to Identify PAM50 Non-luminal Intrinsic Disease in Hormone Receptor-Positive HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
2019
No luminal; Subtipus intrínsec; Càncer de mama No luminal; Subtipo intrínseco; Cáncer de mama Non-luminal; Intrinsic subtype, Breast cancer Background: In hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative breast cancer, the HER2-enriched and Basal-like intrinsic subtypes are associated with poor outcome, low response to anti-estrogen therapy and high response to chemotherapy. To date, no validated biomarker exists to identify both molecular entities other than gene expression. Methods: PAM50 subtyping and immunohistochemical data were obtained from 8 independent studies of 1,416 HR+/HER2-negative early breast tumors. A non-luminal disease score (NOLUS) from 0 to 100, based on percentage of estr…