Search results for "ddc:54"

showing 10 items of 218 documents

Surface induced smectic order in ionic liquids - an X-ray reflectivity study of [C(22)C(1)im](+)[NTf2](-)

2017

Physical chemistry, chemical physics 19(39), 26651 - 26661 (2017). doi:10.1039/C7CP04852A

Polarized light microscopyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsScatteringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology54001 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesX-ray reflectivityCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryMetastabilityPhase (matter)Ionic liquidddc:540Melting pointPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologySupercooling
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Diffusion of single molecular and macromolecular probes during the free radical bulk polymerization of MMA : towards a better understanding of the Tr…

2016

Free radical bulk polymerizations exhibit complex kinetics due to the viscosity increase during the polymerization process. Especially the termination rate constant can be strongly influenced by the mobility of polymer chains in the polymerization mixture. As a consequence an autoacceleration period, the so-called Trommsdorff effect, can be observed often. In order to investigate this behaviour on a nanoscopic scale, we directly visualized the mobility of molecules and macromolecules in polymerizing MMA solutions using a combination of highly sensitive fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and widefield fluorescence microscopy. For this purpose, rather monodisperse PMMA chains were synthesi…

Polymers and PlasticsBulk polymerizationDispersityBioengineeringFluorescence correlation spectroscopy02 engineering and technologymacromolecular substances010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAutoaccelerationPolymer chemistryReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationchemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agriculturePolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringPolymerizationchemistryddc:540MMA; Trommsdorff effect0210 nano-technologyMacromolecule
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Monolayers of rod-shaped and disc-shaped liquid crystalline compounds at the air-water interface

2008

Calamitic (rod-shaped) and discotic (disc-shaped) thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) compounds were spread at the air-water interface, and their ability to form monolayers was studied. The calamitic LCs investigated were found to form monolayers which behave analogously to conventional amphiphiles such as fatty acids. The spreading of the discotic LCs produced monolayers as well, but with a behaviour different from classical amphiphiles. The areas occupied per molecule are too small to allow the contact of all hydrophilic groups with the water surface and the packing of all hydrophobic chains. Various molecular arrangements of the discotics at the water surface to fit the spreading data a…

Polymers and PlasticsChemistryAir water interfaceLiquid crystallineThermotropic crystalExternColloid and Surface ChemistryChemical engineeringLiquid crystalAmphiphileMonolayerddc:540Materials ChemistryMoleculeOrganic chemistryInstitut für ChemiePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Relaxation and charge transport in mixtures of zwitterionic polymers and inorganic salts

2009

Dielectric spectroscopy is employed to analyze the molecular dynamics and the charge transport in mixtures of zwitterionic polymers of the type poly(3-[N-(omega-methacryloyloxyalkyl)-N, N-dimethylammonio]propanesulfonate) with sodium iodide in the frequency range of 10(2) Hz-10(7) Hz and in the temperature range of 110 K-400 K. The amount of inorganic salt added varies from 0-200 mol-% relative to the number of zwitterionic groups present in the polymer, contributing strongly to the conductivity. One relaxation process is observed whose relaxation rate depends strongly on the length of the aliphatic spacer between the polymethacrylate main chain and the zwitterionic group. Exhibiting an Arr…

Polymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistryConcentration effectDielectricActivation energyConductivityCondensed Matter PhysicsDielectric spectroscopyddc:540Polymer chemistryMaterials ChemistrySide chainInstitut für ChemieRelaxation (physics)Ionic conductivityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMacromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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Efficient size control of copper nanoparticles generated in irradiated aqueous solutions of star-shaped polyelectrolyte containers

2015

Physical chemistry, chemical physics 17(17), 11490-11498(2015). doi:10.1039/C5CP00269A

PolymersSurface PropertiesInorganic chemistryNucleationGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementMetal Nanoparticleslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundElectrolyteslawPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryParticle SizeElectron paramagnetic resonanceAcrylic acidAqueous solutionChemistryWater540CopperPolyelectrolyteSolutionsCrystallographyTransmission electron microscopyddc:540Copper
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Five-Membered 2-Methylene-2,3-dihydro Heterocycles from Ruthenium Butatrienylidene Intermediates and 2-(Dimethylamino)methyl-Substituted Furans, Thio…

2003

Trapping of the primary butatrienylidene intermediate trans-[Cl(dppm) 2 Ru=C=C=C=CH 2 ] + with five-membered 2-(dimethylamino)methyl-substituted heterocycles provides an easy and efficient route to aminoallenylidene complexes with appended 2-methylene-2,3-dihydrofuran, -thiophene, or -selenophene moieties. Upon warming or acid catalysis isomerization to the aromatic 2-methylated isomers is observed.

Primary (chemistry)ChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMedicinal chemistryRutheniumInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAcid catalysisddc:540ThiopheneOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMethyleneIsomerization
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Characterization of the atmospheric muon flux in IceCube

2015

Muons produced in atmospheric cosmic ray showers account for the by far dominant part of the event yield in large-volume underground particle detectors. The IceCube detector, with an instrumented volume of about a cubic kilometer, has the potential to conduct unique investigations on atmospheric muons by exploiting the large collection area and the possibility to track particles over a long distance. Through detailed reconstruction of energy deposition along the tracks, the characteristics of muon bundles can be quantified, and individual particles of exceptionally high energy identified. The data can then be used to constrain the cosmic ray primary flux and the contribution to atmospheric …

Prompt leptonsleptonAtmospheric muons; Cosmic rays; Prompt leptons; Astronomy and AstrophysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHadronAtmospheric muonsprimary [cosmic radiation]PROTON01 natural sciencesIceCubesurface [detector]atmosphere [muon]NEUTRINO TELESCOPEproduction [muon]PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)ELEMENTAL GROUPSDetectormodel [interaction]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCOSMIC-RAY MUONSENERGY-SPECTRUMvector mesonstatisticsINTRINSIC CHARMddc:540Physique des particules élémentaireshigh [energy]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaatmosphere [showers]Atmosperic muonsexceptionalairflux [muon]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaspectrum [multiplicity]energy spectrumFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayatmosphere [cosmic radiation]Nuclear physicscosmic rays0103 physical sciencesARRIVAL DIRECTIONSVector meson010306 general physicsCosmic raysZenithANISOTROPYMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsSpectral componenttracksMODELPhysics and Astronomy13. Climate actionTEVspectralHigh Energy Physics::ExperimenthadronLepton
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Prediction of new inorganic molecules with quantum chemical methods

2006

Quantum chemistry can today be employed to invent new molecules and explore unknown molecular bonding. An overview of novel species containing metals bound to polynitrogen clusters is presented. The prediction of metal polyhydrides is discussed. Finally, some species containing gold that behaves as a halogen are described, together with recent advances in actinide chemistry and exploration of the nature of the actinide–actinide chemical bonding.

Quantum chemicalActinide chemistryCASPT2ChemistryActinideQuantum chemistryActinidesMetalChemical bondChemical physicsvisual_artddc:540Halogenvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMoleculeMetal-polynitrogen clustersMetal polyhydridesGoldPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Quantum Chemical Calculations Predict the Diphenyl Diuranium Compound [PhUUPh] To Have a Stable1Ag Ground State

2006

Quantum chemicalChemistryStructure elucidationchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineUraniumMultiple bondsCatalysisDensity functional calculationsChemical physicsComputational chemistryddc:540UraniumMetal-metal interactionsGround stateMultiple bondsAngewandte Chemie
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Study of the MAu6(M = Cr, Mo, W) molecular species: A transition from halogenlike to hydrogenlike chemical behavior for gold

2004

Quantum chemical calculations suggest that a series of molecules with the general formula MAu6 are stable, where M is a a group 6 atom, Cr, Mo, W, respectively. These species have a structure analogous to the corresponding MH6 compounds, while they differ from the MX6, where X is a halogen. The further reaction MAu6 + 3Au2 → MAu12 is strongly exothermic.

Quantum chemicalExothermic reaction010304 chemical physics010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyMineralogy02 engineering and technologyGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthGroup (periodic table)ddc:5400103 physical sciencesAtomHalogenPhysical chemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPhys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
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