Search results for "ddc:6"
showing 10 items of 788 documents
Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331…
2015
Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabetes in a pooled analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys in different regions.
Global surveillance of cancer survival 1995–2009: analysis of individual data for 25 676 887 patients from 279 population-based registries in 67 coun…
2015
Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the eff ectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control. Methods Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15–99 years) and 75 000 children (age 0–14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995–2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardise…
Genetic analysis of reaction time variability: room for improvement?
2013
Background. Increased reaction time variability (RTV) on cognitive tasks requiring a speeded response is characteristic of several psychiatric disorders. In attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the association with RT is strong phenotypically and genetically, yet high RTV is not a stable impairment but shows ADHD-sensitive improvement under certain conditions, such as those with rewards. The state regulation theory proposed that the RTV difference score, which captures change from baseline to a rewarded or fast condition, specifically measures ‘state regulation’. By contrast, the interpretation of RTV baseline (slow, unrewarded) scores is debated. We aimed to investigate directl…
Candidate genetic pathways for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show association to hyperactive/impulsive symptoms in children with AD…
2013
Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVE: Because multiple genes with small effect sizes are assumed to play a role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) etiology, considering multiple variants within the same analysis likely increases the total explained phenotypic variance, thereby boosting the power of genetic studies. This study investigated whether pathway-based analysis could bring scientists closer to unraveling the biology of ADHD. METHOD: The pathway was described as a predefined gene selection based on a well-established database or literature data. Common genetic variants in pathways involved in dopamine/norepinephrine and serotonin neurotransmission and genes involv…
Homoarginine Levels are Regulated by L-Arginine: Glycine Amidinotransferase and Affect Stroke Outcome: Results from Human and Murine Studies
2013
Background— Endogenous arginine homologues, including homoarginine, have been identified as novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and outcomes. Our studies of human cohorts and a confirmatory murine model associated the arginine homologue homoarginine and its metabolism with stroke pathology and outcome. Methods and Results— Increasing homoarginine levels were independently associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic stroke (7.4 years of follow-up; hazard ratio for 1-SD homoarginine, 0.79 [95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.96]; P =0.019; n=389). Homoarginine was also independently associated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale+age score …
National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio : a pooled analy…
2020
Artículo con numerosos autores. Sólo quedan reflejados el primero, los pertenecientes a la UAM y el colectivo
Early discharge and home treatment of patients with low-risk pulmonary embolism with the oral factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban: an international multi…
2020
Abstract Aims To investigate the efficacy and safety of early transition from hospital to ambulatory treatment in low-risk acute PE, using the oral factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban. Methods and results We conducted a prospective multicentre single-arm investigator initiated and academically sponsored management trial in patients with acute low-risk PE (EudraCT Identifier 2013-001657-28). Eligibility criteria included absence of (i) haemodynamic instability, (ii) right ventricular dysfunction or intracardiac thrombi, and (iii) serious comorbidities. Up to two nights of hospital stay were permitted. Rivaroxaban was given at the approved dose for PE for ≥3 months. The primary outcome was sympto…
Eliminating Factor H-Binding Activity of Borrelia burgdorferi CspZ Combined with Virus-Like Particle Conjugation Enhances Its Efficacy as a Lyme Dise…
2018
The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, the most common tick-borne disease in the U.S and Europe. No potent human vaccine is currently available. The innate immune complement system is vital to host defense against pathogens, as complement activation on the surface of spirochetes results in bacterial killing. Complement system is inhibited by the complement regulator factor H. To escape killing, B. burgdorferi produces an outer surface protein CspZ that binds factor H to inhibit complement activation on the cell surface. Immunization with CspZ alone does not protect mice from infection, which we speculate is because factor H-binding cloaks potentially pro…
Using transdermal iontophoresis to increase granisetron delivery across skin in vitro and in vivo: effect of experimental conditions and a comparison…
2010
The objectives of the study were (i) to investigate the effect of experimental parameters on the iontophoretic transport of granisetron, (ii) to identify the relative contributions of electromigration (EM) and electroosmosis (EO), (iii) to determine the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and (iv) to test the in vitro results in a simple animal model in vivo. Preliminary in vitro studies using aqueous granisetron formulations investigating the effect of drug concentration (5, 10, 20 and 40 mM) and current density (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mA cm(-2)) were performed using porcine ear skin. As expected, cumulative delivery in…
Low Homoarginine Levels in the Prognosis of Patients With Acute Chest Pain.
2016
Background The endogenous amino acid homoarginine predicts mortality in cerebro‐ and cardiovascular disease. The objective was to explore whether homoarginine is associated with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) and outcome in patients with acute chest pain. Methods and Results One thousand six hundred forty‐nine patients with acute chest pain were consecutively enrolled in this study, of whom 589 were diagnosed acute coronary syndrome ( ACS ). On admission, plasma concentrations of homoarginine as well as brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP ), and high‐sensitivity assayed troponin I (hsTnI) were determined along with electrocardiography ( ECG ) variables. During a median follow‐up of 183 days, 60 ma…