Search results for "decision"
showing 10 items of 2091 documents
Couples' Experience of the Decision-Making Process in Breast Reconstruction After Breast Cancer: A Lexical Analysis of Their Discourse
2020
Background One in 3 women with breast cancer will have a mastectomy and face the decision of whether to have breast reconstruction (BR). This decision is shared by the women and their physician, as well as discussed with her partner. Objective This study aimed to understand the decision-making process of BR through a lexical analysis of the women and their partners' discourse. A secondary aim was to identify the differences between the couples when the woman had, or did not have, BR. Methods We conducted semistructured interviews with 9 women, and their partners, who underwent a mastectomy after a first episode of breast cancer. A lexical analysis using IRaMuTeQ software was carried out. Re…
Validation of the Spanish version of the 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire
2014
Objective To translate and assess the psychometric properties of the 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9) for measuring patients' perceptions of how clinicians' performance fits the SDM process. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting and Participants Data were collected in primary care health centres. Patients suffering from chronic diseases and facing a medical decision were included in the study. Measurements The original German SDM-Q-9 was translated to Spanish using the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-reported measures as the methodological model for Spanish translation. Reliability (internal consistency) and construct validity [exploratory (EFA) and confirm…
Assessment of shared decision making in pediatrics: Developing German scales for patients aged 7-18 years, parents and parent-proxy reports (CollaboR…
2021
Abstract Objective To develop parsimonious German scales (CollaboRATEpediatric) to assess shared decision making (SDM) with patients aged 7-18 years, parents and parents on behalf of their children (parent-proxy reports), and to establish comprehensibility and preliminary face validity. Methods Based on an existing SDM scale for adults (CollaboRATE) we developed CollaboRATEpediatric in a two-step approach: (1) team-based translation of the English CollaboRATE scale into German and adaptation for pediatric patients, parents and parent-proxy reports, followed by (2) iterative revisions of the CollaboRATEpediatric scales based on cognitive interviews with patients and parents until comprehensi…
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in an Italian woman.
2002
Summary As of May, 2002, 128 cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) disease have been identified in the UK, France, and Ireland. We report the first case of vCJD in Italy. The patient was a young Italian woman who had never travelled to a country with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). She was diagnosed by cerebral MRI and western blot analysis of tonsil biopsy samples. The results of these analyses suggest that vCJD in continental Europe and the UK share genetic, clinical, and neuroimaging features, with similar western blot patterns. The identification of vCJD in Italy could have important implications for public-health policy decisions and clinical surveillance in Italy and other…
Non-invasive diagnosis in a case of bronchopulmonary sequestration and proposal of diagnostic algorhythm
2008
The case of a 43-year-old woman with intralobar pulmonary sequestration, Pryce type one, is presented. The medical history was characterised by recurrent bronchopneumonia, productive cough with purulent sputum and hemoptysis in the last three years. Diagnosis was made by CT angiography: multiplanar, maximum intensity projection and volume rendering reconstructions were visualised. A volume reduction of middle and lower lobe with multiple cyst-like bronchiectasis was detected and no evident relationship with tracheobronchial tree was pointed out. Reconstructions aimed at evaluating bronchial structures demonstrated no patency of middle and lower lobar bronchi. The study carried out after con…
Combination of osteopontin and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule as potent prognostic discriminators in HER2- and ER-negative breast cancer.
2010
Background: To analyse the discriminative impact of osteopontin (OPN) and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), combined with human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) and oestrogen receptor (ER) in breast cancer. Methods: Osteopontin, ALCAM, HER2 and ER mRNA expression in breast cancer tissues of 481 patients were analysed (mRNA microarray analysis, kinetic RT–PCR). Hierarchical clustering was performed in training cohort A (N=100, adjuvant treatment) and validation cohorts B (N=200, no adjuvant treatment, low-risk) and C (N=181, adjuvant treatment, high-risk). Results: Negative/low ER and HER2, high OPN and low ALCAM mRNA expression helped to identify patients at particularly h…
Blocking by word frequency and neighborhood density in visual word recognition: A task-specific response criteria account
2004
International audience; Effects of blocking words by frequency class (high vs. low) and neighborhood density (high vs. low) were examined in two experiments using progressive demasking and lexical decision tasks. The aim was to examine the predictions of a task-specific response criteria account of list-blocking effects. Distinct patterns of blocking effects were obtained in the two tasks. In the progressive demasking task, a pure-list disadvantage was obtained to low frequency-high density words, whereas high frequency-low density produced a trend toward a pure-list advantage. In lexical decision, high-frequency words showed a pure-list advantage that was strongest in high-density words, w…
Does Bold Emphasis Facilitate the Process of Visual-Word Recognition?
2014
AbstractThe study of the effects of typographical factors on lexical access has been rather neglected in the literature on visual-word recognition. Indeed, current computational models of visual-word recognition employ an unrefined letter feature level in their coding schemes. In a letter recognition experiment, Pelli, Burns, Farell, and Moore-Page (2006), letters in Bookman boldface produced more efficiency (i.e., a higher ratio of thresholds of an ideal observer versus a human observer) than the letters in Bookman regular under visual noise. Here we examined whether the effect of bold emphasis can be generalized to a common visual-word recognition task (lexical decision: “is the item a wo…
Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis.
2019
Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (pro…
A fully automated system for the evaluation of masseter silent periods.
1997
Exteroceptive suppression of masseter muscle activity, 'masseter inhibitory reflex', comprises one or 2 silent periods (SP1 and SP2) interrupting the voluntary activation. The main problem when evaluating exteroceptive suppression is the lack of an objective and precise measure for the onset and end of the silent period which so far has not been overcome by various automated systems. We describe a new fully automated system for determining the onset and end of the masseter silent period. The decision approach is essentially based upon deterministic properties of median filters which are used to partition the local variances of the EMG traces into constant segments and edges between them. Th…