Search results for "decision"
showing 10 items of 2091 documents
Diagnosis and management of silent coronary ischemia in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.
2021
Abstract Background Coronary artery disease is the primary cause of death in patients with carotid artery disease and silent ischemia is a marker for adverse coronary events. A new noninvasive cardiac diagnostic test, coronary computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) can reliably identify ischemia-producing coronary stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease and help to select patients for coronary revascularization. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of silent coronary ischemia in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and to evaluate the usefulness of FFRCT in selecting patients for coronary revascularization to decrease cardiac ev…
Prediction and Control: The Specific Role of Business Angels in the Investment Process
2019
International audience; Entrepreneurs and related investors (business angels and venture capitalists) rely on different types of rationalities. Extant research suggests that conflicts resulting from misunderstanding can emerge between entrepreneurs and investors when they adopt different rationalities but must switch those rationalities because of the maturity of their ventures and the degree of uncertainty they face. Relying on three in-depth case studies, this research contributes to both entrepreneurship and effectuation literature by emphasizing the specific role of business angels in helping entrepreneurs switch rationalities when necessary to attract funding resources from venture cap…
Cellular automata and urban development simulation : a transition rules creation process based on statistical analysis
2015
National audience; Nowadays land use evolution study has become a major stake in urban planning. The main focus is to understand the way in which land use evolves across time and to understand processes that take place. This understanding would allow to plan urban developments based on a knowledge as complete as possible covering as many fields as possible (i.e. urban planning, politics, sociology, etc.). Simulation tools can be used to merge and display different points of view and stakes from different stakeholders (Parrott & Meyer, 2012).
Automated Flow Cytometric Analysis of Blood Cells in Cerebrospinal Fluid
2004
We compared the performance of an automated method for obtaining RBC and WBC counts and WBC differential counts in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples with the reference manual method. Results from 325 samples from 10 worldwide clinical sites were used to demonstrate the accuracy, precision, and linearity of the method. Accuracy statistics for absolute cell counts showed a high correlation between methods, with correlation coefficients for all reportable absolute counts greater than 0.9. Linearity results demonstrated that the method provides accurate results throughout the reportable ranges, including clinical decision points for WBCs of 0 to 10/μL. Interassay precision and intra-assay preci…
Computational identification of chemical compounds with potential anti-Chagas activity using a classification tree
2021
Chagas disease is endemic to 21 Latin American countries and is a great public health problem in that region. Current chemotherapy remains unsatisfactory; consequently the need to search for new drugs persists. Here we present a new approach to identify novel compounds with potential anti-chagasic action. A large dataset of 584 compounds, obtained from the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, was selected to develop the computational model. Dragon software was used to calculate the molecular descriptors and WEKA software to obtain the classification tree. The best model shows accuracy greater than 93.4% for the training set; the tree was also validated using a 10-fold cross-validation p…
Liquid Biopsy in Cancer Patients: The Hand Lens to Investigate Tumor Evolution
2017
In recent years the treatment of cancer patients has profoundly changed due to a better comprehension of the biological processes underlying tumor development and progression. Several tumors are defined as “oncogene addicted” and this discovery has led the way to the development of target therapies that are able to specifically kill cancer cells sparing normal cells from toxicity. Nowadays treatment decision is strictly dependent on the molecular characterization of the tumor; thus the path of cancer patients’ survival is tissue dependent but this may have several limitations. Indeed a single tissue biopsy represents only a snapshot limited in time and space but we are learning that tumor e…
On interactive multiobjective optimization with NIMBUS® in chemical process design
2005
We study multiobjective optimization problems arising from chemical process simulation. The interactive multiobjective optimization method NIMBUS®, developed at the University of Jyvaskyla, is combined with the BALAS® process simulator, developed at the VTT Technical Research Center of Finland, in order to provide a new interactive tool for designing chemical processes. Continuous interaction between the method and the designer provides a new efficient approach to explore Pareto optimal solutions and helps the designer to learn about the behaviour of the process. As an example of how the new tool can be used, we report the results of applying it in a heat recovery system design problem rela…
In vivo models and decision trees for formulation development in early drug development: A review of current practices and recommendations for biopha…
2018
The ability to predict new chemical entity performance using in vivo animal models has been under investigation for more than two decades. Pharmaceutical companies use their own strategies to make decisions on the most appropriate formulation starting early in development. In this paper the biopharmaceutical decision trees available in four EFPIA partners (Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Meyers Squibb and Janssen) were discussed by 7 companies of which 4 had no decision tree currently defined. The strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for improvement are discussed for each decision tree. Both pharmacokineticists and preformulation scientists at the drug discovery & development interf…
The Role of the Brand on Choice Overload
2019
Current research on choice overload has been mainly conducted with choice options not associated with specific brands. This study investigates whether the presence of brand names in the choice set affects the occurrence of choice overload. Across four studies, we find that when choosing among an overabundance of alternatives, participants express more positive feelings (i.e., higher satisfaction/confidence, lower regret and difficulty) when all the options of the choice set are associated with familiar brands, rather than unfamiliar brands or no brand at all. We also find that choice overload only appears in the absence of brand names, but disappears when all options contain brand names—eit…
Do too many choices have negative consequences? An empirical review
2013
Various experiments demonstrated that having too much choice has negative consequences on the motivation to choose and on the satisfaction with the chosen option. However, the literature reports conflicting results showing that choosing from large assortments has advantages. This paper reviews the main empirical results in favor and against the negative effect of too much choice and identifies possible directions for further research. Copyright © 2013 by Società editrice il Mulino.