Search results for "demographic"

Drivers of job-related learning among low-educated employees in the Nordic countries

2018

This study explored drivers of participation in job-related lifelong learning (LLL) among low-educated mature-aged employees and compared them across four Nordic countries. Workplaces can be low-threshold, effective arenas for development of their skills in work and learning. The paper builds on the Bounded Agency Model and theories of learning motivation, human capital, and workplace learning. We used data from the Survey of Adult Skills (Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies) by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The average participation rate was 36%. Results of the logistic regression analyses showed that income, skills use at work, sector…

Housing tenure of young people through a multilevel strategy: differences according to living arrangements

2021

In this study, we identify and analyse the key determinants of the housing tenure regime and residential independence of young adults in Spain. We use a multilevel strategy that allows us to take i...

Persistent joblessness and fertility intentions

2019

Background: The vast majority of demographic studies have approached and operationalised the notion of economic uncertainty using snapshot indicators. Hence, the complexity and diversity of individuals' employment careers were largely hidden. We posit that the persistence of joblessness - that is, repeated and close spells of joblessness - represents a crucial marker of economic uncertainty in the realm of fertility (intention) research. Objective: We aim to explore the association between persistent joblessness of both members of the couple and women's fertility intentions among those who entered employment at least once in the last five years. Methods: We develop an index of persistent jo…

Formal and Informal Institutions as Drivers of Life Satisfaction in European Regions

2021

For several years the attention of economists has focused mostly on income and related issues. This tendency changed during the last decade, when citizen’s well-being became a topic of increasing interest. In that regard, the appearance of new databases providing reliable data on variables such as happiness or life satisfaction spurred the number of empirical contributions. This chapter contributes to this literature by analysing the links between informal, formal institutions and life satisfaction for a wide sample European regions.

Urban Mobility, Social Inclusion and Participation: A Qualitative Study in Palermo, Italy

2020

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the connection between social inclusion and urban mobility, focusing on the role of sharing mobility and to what extent it might be a favourable tool for social inclusion, particularly for disadvantaged groups such as migrants. To our knowledge, whilst the literature has already examined the associations between migrants’ social inclusion and mobility, the role of sharing mobility in this process has not yet been widely analysed, especially in the Italian context. Hence, the present chapter addresses this knowledge gap. The rest of the chapter is organised as follows. First, we describe the relationships between mobility and social exclusion, then w…

Economic, social and cultural status (ESCS) and mathematics performance of immigrant students in the Finnish metropolitan area in PISA 2012

2017

La inserción laboral de los inmigrantes italianos en Valencia durante la crisis

2018

España ha pasado de una fase de intensa inmigración internacional durante el período de crecimiento económico a otra de re-emigración y retornos de extranjeros (y de emigración de nativos) durante la recesión. En nuestra investigación hemos observado una tendencia opuesta: durante la crisis se ha incrementado significativamente la llegada de inmigrantes procedentes de Italia a la ciudad de Valencia. Se trata de personas económicamente activas, con intención de permanencia, cualificadas y procedentes de regiones con indicadores socioeconómicos superiores a los de la Comunidad Valenciana. Por consiguiente, el análisis de su inserción laboral es clave para explicar las causas de la migración. …

Persistence and turnover in regional unemployment disparities

1998

PEHKONEN J. and TERVO H. (1998) Reg. Studies, 32 , 445-458, Persistence and turnover in regional unemployment disparities. This study investigates persistence and turnover in regional unemployment disparities in Finland by examining time-series data on 10 labour districts and 423 municipalities. The data on the labour districts indicates that regional unemployment disparities are rather persistent and that steady-state unemployment rates differ considerably across the districts. The results on the municipality level data, however, suggest the presence of substantial intra-distribution dynamics and that the degree of persistence is less profound than the labour district data indicates. In al…

School-to-work transition in France: the role of education in escaping long-term NEET trajectories

2020

International audience; The aim of this paper is to analyse the school-to-work transition of young people in France, focusing specifically on those who are not in employment, education or training (so-called NEETs), in order to understand their risk of becoming and remaining NEET. Using longitudinal data from a representative national cohort of French young people leaving the educational system in 2010, this study shows how NEET status fits in more or less long-lasting ways in their career pathways. We indicate that 70% of young people experienced a NEET status at least once over the three-year period, if we retain a static and conventional definition of NEET. For most of them, NEET is a te…

Does ICT Usage Erode Routine Occupations at the Firm Level?

2019

We present decompositions and regression analyses that evaluate the routinization hypothesis and occupational polarization at the firm level. We establish two important facts. First, the results for the increasing abstract and declining routine occupation shares of total wage bill are consistent with the routinization hypothesis at the firm level. Second, the observed changes coincide with the usage of ICT in firms. This implies that disappearing middle-level (routine) work can be traced to firm-level technological change. Peer reviewed