Search results for "depression."

Acetylcholine via Muscarinic Receptors Inhibits Histamine Release from Human Isolated Bronchi

1997

Human bronchi were incubated in organ baths to measure histamine release. The calcium ionophore A23187 (10 mumol/L; 1 min) stimulated histamine release by 148 +/- 28% (n = 11) above the prestimulation level but was ineffective in epithelium-denuded bronchi. Neither bradykinin (0.1 mumol/L) nor compound 48/80 (10 micrograms/ml) triggered the release of histamine from epithelium-intact bronchi. Acetylcholine did not affect spontaneous histamine release (about 2 nmol/g x 5 min) but inhibited A23187-evoked histamine release in an atropine-sensitive manner. Already a concentration as low as 0.1 nmol/L acetylcholine was effective, the maximal inhibition (by 89%) occurred at 100 nmol/L, whereas a …

Neurophysiological changes associated with implant-associated augmentation procedures in the lower jaw

2017

Background Neurophysiological changes after oral and maxillofacial surgery remain one of the topics of current research. Purpose This study evaluated if implant placement associated with augmentation procedures increases the possibility of sensory disturbances or result in impaired quality of life during the healing period. Material and Methods Patients who had obtained an implant placement in the lower jaw in combination with augmentation procedures were examined by implementing a comprehensive Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) protocol for extra- and intraoral use. As augmentation procedures, we used Guided Bone Regeneration (Group A) and Customized Bone Regeneration (Group B) techniques…

Transforming Experience: The Potential of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for Enhancing Personal and Clinical Change

2016

During life, many personal changes occur. These include changing house, school, work, and even friends and partners. However, the daily experience shows clearly that, in some situations, subjects are unable to change even if they want to. The recent advances in psychology and neuroscience are now providing a better view of personal change, the change affecting our assumptive world: (a) the focus of personal change is reducing the distance between self and reality (conflict); (b) this reduction is achieved through (1) an intense focus on the particular experience creating the conflict or (2) an internal or external reorganization of this experience; (c) personal change requires a progression…

Emocionālā statusa un saiknes ar jaundzimušo salīdzinājums sievietēm pēc dzemdībām pa dabiskiem ceļiem un pēc ķeizargrieziena operācijas

2017

Pētījuma mērķis bija izpētīt, vai dzemdību veids – ķeizargrieziens vai dzemdības pa dabīgiem ceļiem, ietekmē mātes pēcdzemdību psiho-emocionālo status un mātes-bērna saiknes izveidošanos. Mātes emocionālais stāvoklis tika novērtēts ar tā saucamo Edinburgas Pēcdzemdību Depresijas Skalu (EPDS). Skala tika iekļauta pētījumā izmantotā anketā, kuru aizpildīja pētījuma dalībnieces. Ar EPDS nosaka mātes risku uz pēcdzemdību depresijas attīstību, kur iegūto punktu skaitu interpretē sekojoši: 0-9 punkti nozīmē zemu, 9-13 vidējo un >13 punktiem augstu risku uz pēcdzemdību depresijas attīstību. Pēcdzemdību perioda pirmās nedēļas laikā siviete stresa rezultātā var piedzīvot tā saucamo “Baby Blues”, jeb…

Synthesis of [11C]SSR149415 and preliminary imaging studies using positron emission tomography.

2010

Abstract SSR149415 was the first non-peptide vasopressin-(V1b) receptor antagonist reported. It has been used to probe the role of V1b receptors in animal models of depression, aggression, and stress-anxiety, and was progressed to clinical trials for the treatment of depression. Due to the interest in V1b receptors as a therapeutic target and the growing use of SSR149415 in preclinical research, we developed a method to label SSR145419 with carbon-11 and have studied its pharmacokinetics in non-human primates using positron emission tomography.

Quantitative comparison of motion history image variants for video-based depression assessment

2017

Abstract Depression is the most prevalent mood disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Automated video-based analyses may afford objective measures to support clinical judgments. In the present paper, categorical depression assessment is addressed by proposing a novel variant of the Motion History Image (MHI) which considers Gabor-inhibited filtered data instead of the original image. Classification results obtained with this method on the AVEC’14 dataset are compared to those derived using (a) an earlier MHI variant, the Landmark Motion History Image (LMHI), and (b) the original MHI. The different motion representations were tested in several combinations of appearance-based …

Migration, Identity, and Threatened Mental Health: Examples from Contemporary Fiction.

2018

In 2015, the world saw 244 million international migrants. Migration has been shown to be both a protective and a risk factor for mental health, depending on circumstances. Furthermore, culture has an impact on perceptions and constructions of mental illness and identity, both of which can be challenged through migration. Using a qualitative research approach, we analysed five internationally acclaimed and influential novels and one theatre play that focus on aspects of identity, migration, and threatened mental health. As a mirror of society, fiction can help to understand perceptions of identity and mental suffering on an intrapsychic and societal level, while at the same time society its…

Response to Discussion on Y. Zhu, X. Wang, K. Mathiak, P. Toiviainen, T. Ristaniemi, J. Xu, Y. Chang and F. Cong, Altered EEG Oscillatory Brain Netwo…

2021

Longitudinal prevalence and determinants of pain in multiple sclerosis: results from the German National Multiple Sclerosis Cohort study

2020

Pain is frequent in multiple sclerosis (MS) and includes different types, with neuropathic pain (NP) being most closely related to MS pathology. However, prevalence estimates vary largely, and causal relationships between pain and biopsychosocial factors in MS are largely unknown. Longitudinal studies might help to clarify the prevalence and determinants of pain in MS. To this end, we analyzed data from 410 patients with newly diagnosed clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS participating in the prospective multicenter German National MS Cohort Study (NationMS) at baseline and after 4 years. Pain was assessed by self-report using the PainDETECT Questionnaire. Neuropsychiatri…

Atypical Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Acute Bipolar Depression with Mixed Features: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis of Placeb…

2016

Evidence supporting the use of second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in the treatment of acute depression with mixed features (MFs) associated with bipolar disorder (BD) is scarce and equivocal. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis investigating SGAs in the treatment of acute BD depression with MFs. Two authors independently searched major electronic databases from 1990 until September 2015 for randomized (placebo-) controlled trials (RCTs) or open-label clinical trials investigating the efficacy of SGAs in the treatment of acute bipolar depression with MFs. A random-effect meta-analysis calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) between SGA an…