Search results for "depression"

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Versus Sertraline in Patients With Depression and Poorly Controlled Diabetes: The Diabetes and Depression (DAD) Study

2015

OBJECTIVE This study compared the long-term efficacy of a diabetes-specific cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBT) with sertraline in patients with diabetes and depression who initially responded to short-term depression treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized controlled single-blind trial was conducted in 70 secondary care centers across Germany comparing 12 weeks of CBT with sertraline in 251 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes (mean HbA1c 9.3%, 78 mmol/mol) and major depression (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV [SCID]). After 12 weeks, treatment responders (≥50% reduction Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD-17]) were included in the 1-year study phase where CBT p…

The concept of major depression. III. Concurrent validity of six competing operational definitions for the clinical ICD-9 diagnosis.

1991

The comparative validity of six operational diagnoses of major depression was evaluated in 600 psychiatric inpatients using the independently assessed clinical ICD-9 diagnoses as a yardstick. Agreement with, and positive predictive value for the ICD-9 categories of pure (endogenous and psychogenic) depression served as validation criteria; sensitivity of major depression diagnoses for detecting ICD-9 bipolar depressions was additionally used for examining the adequacy of width, time and exclusion criteria of the competing operational definitions. Three essential results were found. First, the "old" diagnostic definitions of RDC and FDC are superior to all newer definitions because they defi…

Use of multiple Polygenic Risk Scores for distinguishing Schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and Affective psychosis categories; the EUGEI study

2021

ABSTRACTSchizophrenia (SZ), Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Depression (D) run in families. This susceptibility is partly due to hundreds or thousands of common genetic variants, each conferring a fractional risk. The cumulative effects of the associated variants can be summarised as a polygenic risk score (PRS). Using data from the EUGEI case-control study, we aimed to test whether PRSs for three major psychiatric disorders (SZ, BD, D) and for intelligent quotient (IQ) as a neurodevelopmental proxy, can discriminate affective psychosis (AP) from schizophrenia-spectrum disorder (SSD). Participants (573 cases, 1005 controls) of european ancestry from 17 sites as part of the EUGEI study were succes…

Depression and Serum Content of Serotonin in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease with the etiology not yet conclusively established. Recent reports demonstrate the role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in the pathogenesis of AD. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the serum content of serotonin and depression in adult patients suffering from severe AD. There were 31 patients of the median age of 41 years enrolled into the study, who suffered from AD since childhood, and a control group that consisted of 14 healthy subjects. AD was diagnosed on the basis of Hanifin and Rajka criteria. The severity of skin lesions was assessed with the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index and that o…

Asthma in the elderly: mortality rate and associated risk factors for mortality.

2007

BACKGROUND: There is a distinct lack of information on the prognosis of asthma in the elderly. METHODS: In order to compare mortality rates of elderly people with and without asthma and to identify mortality risk factors in those with asthma, 1,233 ambulatory patients aged > or = 65 years with a diagnosis of asthma (n = 210) or chronic nonrespiratory conditions (n = 1,023) were enrolled in a multicentric study. Patients underwent baseline spirometry and multidimensional assessment and were then followed up for a mean of 57.9 months (SD 16.9). We compared mortality rates in the two groups and identified predictors of death using multivariable survival analysis. RESULTS: The 5-year mortality …

Risk of drug-related falls among noninstitutionalized older adults

2017

To determine the number of drugs taken per day, which represents a risk factor for falls among noninstitutionalized older adults with a history of falls in the last year.This was a descriptive study that used random sampling and the following measurement instruments: the WHO questionnaire for the study of falls in older adults, gait scale and geriatric depression scale and gait and balance. Univariate and bivariate analysis, nonparametric chi-squared test, and binary logistic regression were performed using the SPSS statistical program version 21.0.214 individuals participated in the study. Those who took ≥ 4 drugs presented higher risk of falling, p=0.010 OR=4.034. The same was not true fo…

Method Effects: The Problem With Negatively Versus Positively Keyed Items

2012

Using confirmatory factor analyses, we examined method effects on Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965) in a sample of older European adults. Nine hundred forty nine community-dwelling adults 60 years of age or older from 5 European countries completed the RSES as well as measures of depression and life satisfaction. The 2 models that had an acceptable fit with the data included method effects. The method effects were associated with both positively and negatively worded items. Method effects models were invariant across gender and age, but not across countries. Both depression and life satisfaction predicted method effects. Individuals with higher depression scores and lowe…

Frailty and incident depression in community-dwelling older people: results from the ELSA study

2016

Objective: Frailty and pre-frailty are two common conditions in the older people, but whether these conditions could predict depression is still limited to a few longitudinal studies. In this paper, we aimed to investigate whether frailty and pre-frailty are associated with an increased risk of depression in a prospective cohort of community-dwelling older people. Methods: Four thousand seventy-seven community-dwelling men and women over 60 years without depression at baseline were included from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Frailty status was defined according to modified Fried's criteria (weakness, weight loss, slow gait speed, low physical activity and exhaustion) and categor…

COVID-19-Related French Lockdown: Impact on the Physical and Psychological Health of Older Adults

2021

A53T-Alpha-Synuclein Overexpression Impairs Dopamine Signaling and Striatal Synaptic Plasticity in Old Mice

2010

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder at old age, can be caused by elevated expression or the A53T missense mutation of the presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (SNCA). PD is characterized pathologically by the preferential vulnerability of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal projection neurons. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we used two mouse lines overexpressing human A53T-SNCA and studied striatal dysfunction in the absence of neurodegeneration to understand early disease mechanisms. To characterize the progression, we employed young adult as well as old mice. Analysis of striatal neurotransmitter content demonstrated that dopamine (DA…