Search results for "detector"

showing 10 items of 3491 documents

Charge carrier transport mechanisms in CdZnTe detectors grown by the vertical Bridgman technique

2016

In this work, we report on the results of electrical characterization of CdZnTe (CZT) detectors, with gold electroless contacts, grown by the boron oxide encapsulated vertical Bridgman technique (B-VB), currently produced at IMEM-CNR (Parma, Italy). The detectors, with different thicknesses (1 and 2.5 mm), have the same electrode layout: the anode is a central electrode (2 x 2 mm(2)) surrounded by a guard ring electrode. The cathode is a planar electrode covering the detector surface (4.1 x 4.1 mm(2)). Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were measured at different temperatures in order to study the charge transport and the electrical properties. These detectors were compared with the trav…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleBiasingCathodePhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Anodelaw.inventionDetectors; Crystals; Conductivity; Temperature measurement; Leakage currents; Surface treatment; TemperaturelawElectrodeOptoelectronicsCharge carrierbusinessInstrumentationVoltageNuclear and High Energy Physic
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Digital CZT detector system for high flux energy-resolved X-ray imaging

2017

Photon counting arrays with energy resolving capabilities are recently desired for the next-generation X-ray imaging systems. In this work, we present the performance of a 2 mm thick CZT pixel detector, with pixel pitches of 500 mu m and 250 mu m, coupled to a fast and low noise ASIC (PIXIE ASIC), characterized by only the preamplifier stage. A 16-channel digital readout electronics was used to continuously digitize and process each output channel from the PIXIE ASIC, performing multi-parameter analysis (event arrival time, pulse shape, pulse height) at low and high input counting rates (ICRs). The spectroscopic response of the system to monochromatic X-ray and gamma ray sources, at both lo…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPreamplifier01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCharge sharing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptics0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysicsPixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGamma raySMALL PIXEL; CDTE; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; PROGRESS; CTPhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPixieMonochromatic colorbusiness
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Radon and material radiopurity assessment for the NEXT double beta decay experiment

2015

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM

Radon mitigationPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesRadon7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)XenonCambres d'ionitzacióDouble beta decayGamma detectors (HPGe)0103 physical sciencesGamma spectroscopyNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentDetectors de radiació010308 nuclear & particles physicsIonization chambersCanfranc Underground LaboratoryMaterial radiopurityFísicaTime-Projection Chamber (TPC)Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Double beta decaySemiconductor detectorchemistry13. Climate actionNuclear countersEnvironmental scienceNeutrino
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Generalization of Canny–Deriche filter for detection of noisy exponential edge

2002

This paper presents a generalization of the Canny-Deriche filter for ramp edge detection with optimization criteria used by Canny (signal-to-noise ratio, localization, and suppression of false responses). Using techniques similar to those developed by Deriche, we derive a filter which maximizes the product of the first two criteria under the constraint of the last one. The result is an infinite length impulse response filter which leads to a stable third-order recursive implementation. Its performance shows an increase of the signal-to-noise ratio in the case of blurred and noisy images, compared to the results obtained from Deriche's filter.

Raised-cosine filterDeriche edge detectorAdaptive filterFilter designControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryFilter (video)Signal ProcessingKernel adaptive filterComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringDigital filterAlgorithmSoftwareMathematicsRoot-raised-cosine filterSignal Processing
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The effect of energy-dependent detector efficiency in electron spectroscopic methods: XPS, AES and DCEMS

1993

Systematic studies were performed to investigate the distorting effect of the electron energy dependence of the channeltron detector efficiency on the shape of data distributions in electron spectroscopy. In agreement with earlier results for electron energies up to 3 keV, it was found that a virtually energy-independent shape of the electron distribution might be achieved even in a very broad range of electgron energies (up to 15 keV) by appropriate selection of the operational high voltage of a channeltron. However, the efficieny of channeltrons was also found to depend on count rates, indicating one of the principal difficulties in comparing distribution recorded under different experime…

Range (particle radiation)Auger electron spectroscopyMössbauer effectChemistryInstrumentationDetectorSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron spectroscopySurfaces Coatings and FilmsX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyMaterials ChemistryAtomic physicsSurface and Interface Analysis
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Color centers and structural damage in LiF induced by 150 MeV Kr ions

2012

Color centers and evolution of structure defects were investigated in LiF crystals irradiated at room temperature with 150 MeV 84Kr ions with a beam current of 10nA/cm2 in the fluence range 1011 - 1014 ions/cm2 at the cyclotron accelerator DC-60 (Astana, Kazakhstan). At the fluence of 1011 ions/cm2, SEM imaging revealed mainly formation of etchable ion tracks. Above this fluence, severe structural modifications in the irradiated layer were observed which include the ion-induced formation of dislocations and grains with nano-scale dimensions. The role of fluence in the concentration of electronic color centers and structural modifications is discussed.

Range (particle radiation)Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsIon trackPhysics::Medical PhysicsCyclotronFluenceIonlaw.inventionPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawIrradiationAtomic physicsBeam (structure)IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Spectral characterization of laser-accelerated protons with CR-39 nuclear track detector

2018

CR-39 nuclear track material is frequently used for the detection of protons accelerated in laser-plasma interactions. The measurement of track densities allows for determination of particle angular distributions, and information on the kinetic energy can be obtained by the use of passive absorbers. We present a precise method of measuring spectral distributions of laser-accelerated protons in a single etching and analysis process. We make use of a one-to-one relation between proton energy and track size and present a precise calibration based on monoenergetic particle beams. While this relation is limited to proton energies below 1 MeV, we show that the range of spectral measurements can b…

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceProtonDetectorKinetic energyLaser01 natural sciencesÒptica Aparells i instruments010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionComputational physicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylaw0103 physical sciencesCalibrationParticle010306 general physicsCR-39InstrumentationImatges Processament Tècniques digitals
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A rotating wheel system for the detection of spontaneously fissioning nuclides from heavy ion reactions

1981

Abstract A rotating wheel system for the detection of spontaneously fissioning reaction products from heavy ion reactions was developed. In this system products recoiling from a rotating target wheel are stopped in a catcher foil stack which can be rotated at various velocities up to 80 rotations per second. All products emitted within a wide emission cone are stopped in the catcher foils and are rotated into shielded positions with stationary fission-track detectors positioned on both sides of each rotating foil. This technique allows a sensitive detection of spontaneously fissioning nuclides over a broad range of half-lives from 1 ms to about 1 d. By post-bombardment exposure of the catch…

Range (particle radiation)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryDetectorGeneral Engineeringlaw.inventionNuclear physicsStack (abstract data type)lawShielded cableHeavy ionNuclideAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentFOIL methodExcitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research
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Compact Method for Proton Range Verification Based on Coaxial Prompt Gamma-Ray Monitoring: a Theoretical Study

2020

Range uncertainties in proton therapy hamper treatment precision. Prompt gamma-rays were suggested 16 years ago for real-time range verification, and have already shown promising results in clinical studies with collimated cameras. Simultaneously, alternative imaging concepts without collimation are investigated to reduce the footprint and price of current prototypes. In this manuscript, a compact range verification method is presented. It monitors prompt gamma-rays with a single scintillation detector positioned coaxially to the beam and behind the patient. Thanks to the solid angle effect, proton range deviations can be derived from changes in the number of gamma-rays detected per proton,…

Range (particle radiation)Protonbusiness.industryComputer scienceDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesScintillatorPhysics - Medical PhysicsArticleAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsParticle detectorCollimated lightRadiació030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical Physics (physics.med-ph)CoaxialbusinessInstrumentationProton therapyDetectors de radiació
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TASISpec—A highly efficient multi-coincidence spectrometer for nuclear structure investigations of the heaviest nuclei

2010

TASISpec (TASCA in Small Image mode Spectroscopy) combines composite Ge- and Si-detectors for a new detector setup aimed towards multi-coincidence gamma -ray, X-ray, conversion electron, fission fragment, and a-particle spectroscopy of the heaviest nuclei. It exploits the TASCA separator's unique small image focal mode, i.e. the fact that evaporation residues produced in fusion-evaporation reactions can be focused into an area of less than 3 cm in diameter. This provides the possibility to pack detectors in very close geometry, resulting in an unprecedented detection efficiency of radioactive decays in prompt and delayed coincidence with implanted nuclei. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Publis…

Recoil separatorsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsalphaFissionElectronandAccelerator Physics and Instrumentationconversion electronNuclear physicsImage modespectroscopy at recoil separatorsgamma-rayNuclear ExperimentSpectroscopyClover Ge detectorInstrumentationSpontaneous fissionPhysicsdetectorSpectrometerDetectorGamma rayDecay tagging spectrometerCluster Ge detectorSi stripAtomic physicsNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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