Search results for "detector"

showing 10 items of 3491 documents

Gamma-ray spectrometric measurement of radionuclide purity of radiopharmaceuticals contained in bottle samples

2012

The radionuclide purity of a radiopharmaceutical product is usually measured by gamma-ray spectrometry with various measurement geometries. The importance of this test is that the radionuclide impurities, if present, result in an increase in the radiation dose to the patient without contributing to diagnostic information and in some cases may also interfere with the marking molecules and affect the proper conduct of diagnostic examination. In this work, gamma-ray spectrometry is used to determine the amounts of impurities by adopting as measurement geometry the same bottle containing eluted or prepared radiopharmaceuticals. In addition to high-purity germanium semiconductor detectors, the u…

Materials sciencebusiness.product_categorySettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nucleariradionuclide purityScintillatorMass spectrometrymedicineBottlelcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitySafety Risk Reliability and Qualitygamma-ray spetrometryRadionuclidemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryElutionRadiochemistrydoseGamma raySemiconductor detectorPETNuclear Energy and EngineeringPositron emission tomographySPECTradionuclide purity PET SPECT gamma-ray spetrometry doselcsh:QC770-798businessNuclear medicine
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Numerical study of surface waves generated by low frequency EM field for silicon refinement

2018

One of the most perspective methods to produce solar grade silicon is refinement via metallurgical route. The most critical part of this route is refinement from boron and phosphorus due to high segregation coefficients. One possible approach to remove boron is use of reactive gas on surface of silicon melt. An approach of creating surface waves on silicon melt's surface is proposed in order to enlarge its area and accelerate removal of boron via chemical reactions. This paper focuses on numerical analysis of surface wave creation by means of low frequency magnetic field. Frequency of magnetic field and its amplitude significantly change the character of surface waves with most changes occu…

Materials sciencechemistrySiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsImpuritySurface wavePhase (waves)chemistry.chemical_elementLow frequencyDiffusion (business)BoronComputational physicsMagnetic fieldIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Nanoengineered Gd3Al2Ga3O12 Scintillation Materials with Disordered Garnet Structure for Novel Detectors of Ionizing Radiation

2019

The authors are grateful to Baker Hughes a GE Company for support of this activity. This work has also been supported by grant N14.W03.31.0004 from the Government of the Russian Federation.

Materials sciencedisordered crystal02 engineering and technologyNanoengineeringscintillatorsScintillator01 natural sciencesIonizing radiation0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]luminescenceGeneral Materials Scienceco-precipitation010302 applied physicsScintillationbusiness.industryDetectormulticomponent garnetGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsOptoelectronicsnanoengineering0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescence
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Time-resolved FDTD and experimental FTIR study of gold micropatch arrays for wavelength-selective mid-infrared optical coupling

2021

The work was partially supported by Sweden's innovation agency Vinnova (Large area CVD graphene-based sensors/IR-photodetectors 2020-00797) and EU CAMART2 project (European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No.739508). TY acknowledges European Regional Development Fund Project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/740.

Materials sciencenano fabricationInfraredFDTDMathematicsofComputing_GENERALInfrared spectroscopyPhotodetectorTP1-118502 engineering and technologyFar field opticsInfrared sensing7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistrynear field opticsAnalytical Chemistry010309 opticselectron beam lithography0103 physical sciencesTransmittanceArray data structureElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationinfrared sensingNear field opticsbusiness.industryChemical technologyCommunicationNear-field opticsFinite-difference time-domain methodmetal micropatch arrays021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfar field opticsWavelengthFTIR:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]OptoelectronicsElectron beam lithography0210 nano-technologybusinessMetal micropatch arraysNano fabrication
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Integrated Optical Amplifier-Photodetector on a Wearable Nanocellulose Substrate

2018

Flexible optoelectronics has emerged as an outstanding platform to pave the road toward vanguard technology advancements. As compared to conventional rigid substrates, a flexible technology enables mechanical deformation while maintaining stable performance. The advantages include not only the development to novel applications, but also the implementation of a wearable technology directly in contact with a curved surface. Here the monolithic integration of a perovskite‐based optical waveguide amplifier together with a photodetector on a nanocellulose substrate is shown to demonstrate the feasibility of a stretchable signal manipulation and receptor system fabricated on a biodegradable mater…

Materials scienceperovskitesPhotodetectorWearable computer02 engineering and technologySubstrate (printing)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNanocelluloseAtomic and Molecular PhysicsElectronicOptical and Magnetic Materialsnanocelluloseflexible devices; nanocellulose; optical amplifiers; perovskites; photodetectors; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical amplifierbusiness.industryflexible devices021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsphotodetectorsOptoelectronicsand Optics0210 nano-technologybusinessoptical amplifiersAdvanced Optical Materials
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Bayesian estimation of edge orientations in junctions

1999

Abstract Junctions, defined as those points of an image where two or more edges meet, play a significant role in many computer vision applications. Junction detection is a widely treated problem, and some detectors can provide even the directions of the edges that meet in a junction. The main objective of this paper is the precise estimation of such directions. It is supposed that the junction point has been previously found by some detector. Also, it is assumed that samples, possibly noisy, of orientations of the edges found in a circular window surrounding the point are available. A mixture of von Mises distributions is assumed for these data, and then a Bayesian methodology is applied to…

Mathematical optimizationBayes estimatorBayesian probabilityDetectorPosterior probabilityMarkov chain Monte CarloExpected valueReal imagesymbols.namesakeArtificial IntelligenceSignal ProcessingsymbolsPoint (geometry)Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionAlgorithmSoftwareMathematicsPattern Recognition Letters
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Simulated one-pass list-mode: an approach to on-the-fly system matrix calculation.

2013

In the development of prototype systems for positron emission tomography a valid and robust image reconstruction algorithm is required. However, prototypes often employ novel detector and system geometries which may change rapidly under optimization. In addition, developing systems generally produce highly granular, or possibly continuous detection domains which require some level of on-the-fly calculation for retention of measurement precision. In this investigation a new method of on-the-fly system matrix calculation is proposed that provides advantages in application to such list-mode systems in terms of flexibility in system modeling. The new method is easily adaptable to complicated sy…

Mathematical optimizationRadiological and Ultrasound Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsRandom number generationDetectorProcess (computing)Iterative reconstructionMaximizationSystems modelingModels Theoretical01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesNoise0302 clinical medicinePositron-Emission Tomography0103 physical sciencesImage Processing Computer-AssistedRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAlgorithmImage resolutionMathematicsPhysics in medicine and biology
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Failure of topological rigidity results for the measure contraction property

2014

We give two examples of metric measure spaces satisfying the measure contraction property MCP(K,N) but having different topological dimensions at different regions of the space. The first one satisfies MCP(0,3) and contains a subset isometric to $\mathbb{R}$, but does not topologically split. The second space satisfies MCP(2,3) and has diameter $\pi$, which is the maximal possible diameter for a space satisfying MCP(N-1,N), but is not a topological spherical suspension. The latter example gives an answer to a question by Ohta.

Mathematics - Differential Geometrymetric measure spacesGeodesicPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsQuantitative Biology::Tissues and Organsmeasure contraction propertyMetric Geometry (math.MG)53C23 (Primary) 28A33 49Q20 (Secondary)Ricci curvature lower boundsTopologyPotential theorymaximal diameter theoremnonbranchingRigidity (electromagnetism)Mathematics - Metric GeometryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)splitting theoremFOS: MathematicsSplitting theoremContraction (operator theory)AnalysisMathematicsgeodesics
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Probing non-standard neutrino interactions with supernova neutrinos

2007

17 pages, 12 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 13.15.+g; 14.60.Lm; 14.60.St; 97.60.Bw.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000249786800015.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.0032

Matter densityNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSolar neutrinosFOS: Physical sciencesElectronStandard ModelScatteringHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Core-collapse supernovaeMassless neutrinosElectroweak parametersNeutrino oscillationEnvelope (waves)PhysicsNeutrino oscillationsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaSupernovaHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNeutrino detectorResonant amplificationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino
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Fault Diagnosis for Nonlinear Hydraulic-Mechanical Drilling Pipe Handling System

2011

Leakage and increased friction are common faults in hydraulic cylinders that can have serious consequences if they are not detected at early stage. In this paper, the design of a fault detector for a nonlinear hydraulic mechanical system is presented. By considering the system in steady state, two residual signals are generated and analysed with a composite hypothesis test which accommodates for unknown parameters. The resulting detector is able to detect abrupt changes in leakage or friction given the noisy pressure and position measurements. Test rig measurements validate the properties of residuals and high fidelity simulation and experimental results demonstrate the performance and feas…

Mechanical systemEngineeringNonlinear systemHydraulic cylinderbusiness.industryDetectorStructural engineeringHydraulic machinerybusinessResidualLeakage (electronics)Statistical hypothesis testing
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