Search results for "detectors"

showing 10 items of 2229 documents

Study of the electromagnetic background in the XENON100 experiment

2011

The XENON100 experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), aims to directly detect dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) via their elastic scattering off xenon nuclei. We present a comprehensive study of the predicted electronic recoil background coming from radioactive decays inside the detector and shield materials, and intrinsic contamination. Based on GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations using a detailed geometry together with the measured radioactivity of all detector components, we predict an electronic recoil background in the WIMP-search energy range (0-100 keV) in the 30 kg fiducial mass of less than 10e-2 events/(kg-day-keV), co…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMonte Carlo methodDark matterchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences7. Clean energyParticle detectorNuclear physicsXenonRecoil0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)PhysicsElastic scattering010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]chemistryHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsRadioactive decayAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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The NA48 event-building PC farm

2003

The NA48 experiment at the CERN SPS aims to measure the parameter $\Re(\epsilon'/ \epsilon)$ of direct CP violation in the neutral kaon system with an accuracy of $2 \times 10^{-4}$. Based on the requirements of: \\\\ * high event rates (up to 10 kHz) with negligible dead time;\\ * support for a variety of detectors with very wide variation in the number of readout channels;\\ * data rates of up to 150 MByte/s sustained over the beam burst;\\ * level-3 filtering and remote data logging in the CERN computer center; \\\\ the collaboration has designed and built a modular pipelined data flow system with 40 MHz sampling rate. The architecture combines custom-designed components with commerciall…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCost effectivenessComputer sciencebusiness.industryPentiumNA48 experimentDead timeTerabyteData flow diagramData acquisitionNuclear Energy and EngineeringData loggerDetectors and Experimental TechniquesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessComputer hardwareIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Conceptual design and infrastructure for the installation of the first AGATA sub-array at LNL

2011

WOS: 000295765100014

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDANTE Heavy-ion DetectorPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHELENA multiplicity filter01 natural sciences7. Clean energyParticle detectorNuclear physicsPRISMA spectrometerConceptual design0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Nuclear Experiment010306 general physicsGamma detectionInstrumentationTRACE SI detectorPhysicsSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrySemiconductor detectorCologne plungerAGATAAGATADANTE heavy-ion-detectorbusinessComputer hardwareNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research
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Dosimetry for electron Intra-Operative RadioTherapy: Comparison of output factors obtained through alanine/EPR pellets, ionization chamber and Monte …

2015

Abstract In this work a comparison between the response of alanine and Markus ionization chamber was carried out for measurements of the output factors (OF) of electron beams produced by a linear accelerator used for Intra-Operative Radiation Therapy (IORT). Output factors (OF) for conventional high-energy electron beams are normally measured using ionization chamber according to international dosimetry protocols. However, the electron beams used in IORT have characteristics of dose per pulse, energy spectrum and angular distribution quite different from beams usually used in external radiotherapy, so the direct application of international dosimetry protocols may introduce additional uncer…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDosimeterPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryIORTSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodDetectorGeant4Dose profileElectronalanine dosimetry Monte Carlo Simulation Geant4Alanine dosimetrySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Linear particle acceleratorMonte Carlo simulationsComputational physicsNuclear magnetic resonanceIonization chamberDosimetrySettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A Time Projection Chamber with GEM-Based Readout

2016

For the International Large Detector concept at the planned International Linear Collider, the use of time projection chambers (TPC) with micro-pattern gas detector readout as the main tracking detector is investigated. In this paper, results from a prototype TPC, placed in a 1 T solenoidal field and read out with three independent GEM-based readout modules, are reported. The TPC was exposed to a 6 GeV electron beam at the DESY II synchrotron. The efficiency for reconstructing hits, the measurement of the drift velocity, the space point resolution and the control of field inhomogeneities are presented.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDrift velocityPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsInternational Linear ColliderMicropattern gaseous detectors (MPGD)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesTracking (particle physics)01 natural scienceslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)law[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Gas electron multipliers (GEM)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]International Large Detector (ILD)electron: irradiationtracking detector[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Detectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsInstrumentationspatial resolution[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Physicsmagnetic field: spatial distributionInternational Linear Collider (ILC)Time projection chamber010308 nuclear & particles physicsILD detectorDetectordrift velocityDESYInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Synchrotrontime projection chamberefficiencygas electron multiplierGas electron multiplierPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentTime projection chambers (TPC)
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Observation of orbitally excited B mesons

1995

Experimental evidence for the existence of orbitally excited B meson states is presented in an analysis of the Bπ and B*π distribution of Q = m(B**) - m(B(*)) - m(π) using Z0decay data taken with the DELPHI detector at LEP. The mean Q-value of the decays B**→ B(*)π is measured to be 284 ± 5 (stat.) ± 15 (syst.) MeV/c2, and the Gaussian width of the signal is 79 ± 5 (stat.) ± 8 (syst.) MeV/c2. This signal can be described as a single resonance of mass m = 5732 ± 5 (stat.) ± 20 (syst.) MeV/c2and full width Γ = 145 ± 28 MeV/c2. The observed shape is also consistent with the production of several broad and narrow states as predicted by the quark model and partly observed in the D-…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsE+E ANNIHILATIONLUND MONTE-CARLOElectron–positron annihilationDELPHI; B meson; fragmentation; b-jetB meson01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)Full widthPartícules (Física nuclear)JET FRAGMENTATIONDECAYSNuclear physicsPHYSICSfragmentation0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]B meson010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentDetectors de radiacióDELPHIPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsQuark modelb-jetLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERExcited statePARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHIPARTICLE PHYSICSHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E ANNIHILATION; DECAYS; PHYSICSParticle Physics - ExperimentProduction ratePhysics Letters B
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Lateral distribution of muons in IceCube cosmic ray events

2013

In cosmic ray air showers, the muon lateral separation from the center of the shower is a measure of the transverse momentum that the muon parent acquired in the cosmic ray interaction. IceCube has observed cosmic ray interactions that produce muons laterally separated by up to 400 m from the shower core, a factor of 6 larger distance than previous measurements. These muons originate in high pT (>2  GeV/c) interactions from the incident cosmic ray, or high-energy secondary interactions. The separation distribution shows a transition to a power law at large values, indicating the presence of a hard pT component that can be described by perturbative quantum chromodynamics. However, the ra…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsENERGIESPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayAstrophysicsddc:500.201 natural sciences7. Clean energyPower lawIceCubeHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciencescosmic radiation : interactionddc:530Charm (quantum number)Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray010306 general physicsZenithPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Muon010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGluonMODELPhysics and Astronomy13. Climate actionTEVHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentGLUONAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Auto-Adaptive Trigger and Pulse Extraction for Digital Processing in Nuclear Instrumentation

2015

International audience; This paper presents a novel auto-adaptive method for pulse triggering and extraction. Pulse triggering uses a threshold that must be placed as close as possible to the noise level. We do this by means of an adaptive threshold level based on real-time noise level estimation. A dynamic estimation of the pulse length is also used for pulse selection. The proposed approach is largely insensitive to noise and enables autonomous extraction of pulses regardless of their shape, height or length. The proposed approach can be used with numerous types of detectors from an analog-to-digital converter, and can be used in conjunction with various pulse processing techniques such a…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsEngineeringNoise (signal processing)business.industryDetectorPulse durationData acquisitionPulse processingtriggerPulse (physics)NOISEdigital pulse processing (DPP)Nuclear Energy and Engineering[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingElectronic engineeringDETECTORSExtraction (military)Instrumentation (computer programming)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNoise levelbusinessdigital signal processing (DSP)nuclear instrumentation
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A Portable Readout System for Microstrip Silicon Sensors (ALIBAVA)

2009

A readout system for microstrip silicon sensors has been developed. This system is able to measure the collected charge in one or two microstrip silicon sensors by reading out all the channels of the sensor(s), up to 256. The system can operate either with non-irradiated and irradiated sensors as well as with n-type and p-type microstrip silicon sensors. Heavily irradiated sensors will be used at the Super Large Hadron Collider, so this system can be used to research the performance of microstrip silicon sensors in conditions as similar as possible to the Super Large Hadron Collider operating conditions. The system has two main parts: a hardware part and a software part. The hardware part a…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsEngineeringanalog processing circuitsMotherboardPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsInterface (computing)Analog-digital conversionFPGAshigh energy physics instrumentationUSBMicrostripChargelaw.inventionCharge sensitive amplifiersData acquisitionmicroprocessorslawlogic designElectrical and Electronic Engineeringdetector instrumentationtime to digitalbusiness.industryReading (computer)electronicsDetectorElectrical engineeringConvertersCollectionsfront-end electronicssemiconductor detectorsNuclear Energy and Engineeringdata acquisition systemsdigital integrated circuitsbusinessDaughterboard
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Bulk micromegas detectors for large TPC applications

2007

A large volume TPC will be used in the near future in a variety of experiments including T2K. The bulk Micromegas detector for this TPC is built using a novel production technique particularly suited for compact and robust low mass detectors. The capability to pave a large surface with a simple mounting solution and small dead space between modules is of particular interest for these applications. We have buil t several large bulk Micromegas detectors (27x26 cm 2 ) and we have tested them in the former HARP field cage setup wit h a magnetic field. Cosmic ray data have been acquired in a variet y of experimental conditions. Good detector performances and space point resolution have been achi…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsField (physics)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCosmic rayddc:500.27. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsOptics0103 physical sciencesPoint (geometry)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physics29.40.Cs; 29.40.GxInstrumentationHARPPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorFísicaMicroMegas detectorMagnetic fieldTPCbusinessMicromegas
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