Search results for "deuterium"

showing 10 items of 470 documents

Compatibility of a statistical copolymer P(EMA-co-MMA) with PS and PMMA

1999

The compositions of coexisting phases and the interface widths in blends of a statistical copolymer of poly(ethylmethacrylate-co -methylmethacrylate) (P(EMA 1-x -co-MMA x )) and a deuterated polystyrene (PS(D)) as well as a deuterated poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA(D)) have been investigated by neutron reflectometry (NR). Interaction parameters are calculated from the compositions of coexisting phases and the interface width values. Utilizing a novel two dimensional scheme for graphical representation of the interaction parameters, the results are in very good agreement with studies on the interaction parameters for PS/PMMA, PS/PEMA and PEMA/PMMA blends. In particular, χ EMA/MMA deduced fro…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryFlory–Huggins solution theoryCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundDeuteriumchemistryPolymer chemistryCompatibility (mechanics)Materials ChemistryCopolymerPolymer blendNeutron reflectometryPolystyrene
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Isotopic composition of the precipitations in the central Mediterranean: Origin marks and orographic precipitation effects

2006

The isotopic composition of the rainfall in northwestern Sicily (Italy, central Mediterranean) was investigated in the period February 2002 to March 2003. A rain gauge network was installed and sampled monthly. The monthly values of the D and 18O ratios showed a wide range that reflected seasonal climatic variations. Mean weighted values were used to define an isotopic model of precipitation. Temporal variations in deuterium excess were also investigated. Using mean volume weighted values, the Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) can be represented by the equation: δD = 4.7δ18O - 8.2 (r2 = 0.96). Deuterium excess (d = δD - 8δ18O) was found to be strongly related to orography. The coastline samp…

Mediterranean climateAtmospheric ScienceGROUNDWATERDEUTERIUMSoil ScienceAquatic ScienceOceanographyAtmospheric sciencesFOGHYDROLOGYGeochemistry and PetrologySTABLE-ISOTOPESEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)WATERO-18PrecipitationEarth-Surface ProcessesWater Science and TechnologyOrographic liftHydrologyEcologyRain gaugeFRACTIONATIONPaleontologyForestryOrographySEA AREAEVAPORATIONGeophysicsDeuteriumSpace and Planetary ScienceMeteoric waterKinetic fractionationEnvironmental science
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Mass spectra of chlorinated veratroles (1,2-dimethoxybenzenes)

1987

The behaviour of all nine chlorinated veratroles (1,2-dimethoxybenzenes) under electron impact has been investigated. The most common fragmentation processes are interpreted using metastable ion analysis and deuterium labelled compounds. For all compounds studied, the most common fragmentation route seems to be the primary loss of a methyl radical followed by loss of carbon monoxide. The ion formed has a well-known quinonoid structure and fragments by several routes elucidated by metastable ion analysis. In general, the spectra of the positional isomers are shown to be practically similar and it is apparent that e.g. the 3- and 4-chloro isomers can be differentiated only from the abundance …

Methyl radicalPhotochemistryBiochemistryIonchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryFragmentation (mass spectrometry)DeuteriumMass spectrumStructural isomerMolecular MedicineOrganic chemistryInstrumentationSpectroscopyElectron ionizationCarbon monoxideOrganic Mass Spectrometry
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Meson-retardation effects in deuteron photodisintegration below ?-threshold

1989

Mesor-retardation effects in photodisintegration of the deuteron below pion threshold are studied by constructing retarded one-boson-exchange potentials using time-dependent non-covariant perturbation theory. The corresponding retarded meson-exchange currents including retarded vertex currents are derived analogously by gauge-invariant minimal coupling. It is found that retardation effects in the wave functions and in the electromagnetic currents as well have a significant influence on total and differential cross sections.

Minimal couplingPhysicsMesonNuclear TheoryElementary particlePhysics::Classical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVertex (geometry)Nuclear physicsPionDeuteriumPhotodisintegrationQuantum electrodynamicsNuclear ExperimentWave functionFew-Body Systems
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Hydrogen-bond-mediated self-assembly of 26-membered diaza tetraester crowns of 3,5-disubstituted 1 h -pyrazole. Dimerization study in the solid state…

2011

By using an improved synthetic method reported earlier, the cyclic stannoxanes obtained from RN-diethanolamine (R = Me, Bu) and dibutyltin oxide have been reacted with 1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarbonyl dichloride to afford 26-membered diaza tetraester crowns (1, R = Me; 3, R = Bu) and 39-membered triaza hexaester crowns (2, R = Me; 4, R = Bu). The new structures were identified from their analytical and spectroscopic (1H and 13C NMR, FAB-MS, and/or ESI-MS) data. Both diaza tetraester crowns (1 and 3), containing two 1H-pyrazole units, self-assemble into dimeric species through the formation of four hydrogen bonds involving the two NH pyrazole groups and the two tertiary amine groups of both crowns…

Models MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular modelTertiary amineSolid-statePyrazoleCrystallography X-RayMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOrganotin CompoundsAminesDibutyltin oxideHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryEstersHydrogen BondingCarbon-13 NMRDeuteriumCrown CompoundsSolutionschemistryCyclizationEthanolaminesMolecular ProbesSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationPyrazolesChloroformSelf-assemblyDimerization
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High-resolution solution NMR structure of the Z domain of staphylococcal protein A

1997

Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is a cell-wall-bound pathogenicity factor from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Because of their small size and immunoglobulin (IgG)-binding activities, domains of protein A are targets for protein engineering efforts and for the development of computational approaches for de novo protein folding. The NMR solution structure of an engineered IgG-binding domain of SpA, the Z domain (an analog of the B domain of SpA), has been determined by simulated annealing with restrained molecular dynamics on the basis of 671 conformational constraints. The Z domain contains three well-defined alpha-helices corresponding to polypeptide segments Lys7 to Leu17 (helix 1), G…

Models MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyProtein ConformationChemistryMolecular Sequence DataProtein engineeringHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCrystallography X-RayAntiparallel (biochemistry)CrystallographyModels ChemicalStructural BiologyHelixHumansHydrogen–deuterium exchangeAmino Acid SequenceB3 domainStaphylococcal Protein AMolecular BiologyTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyConformational isomerismHeteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopyJournal of Molecular Biology
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Vibrational analysis of iron and zinc phosphate conversion coating constituents

2001

Abstract The FT-MIR/FT-FIR and NIR-FT-Raman spectra of orthorhombic α -Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O (α-hopeite) and monoclinic Zn 2 Fe(PO 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O (phosphophyllite), including deuterated samples, have been measured in the polycrystalline state at room temperature and below. The distribution of vibrational levels was related to the results of complete unit-cell group analyses. The number of uncoupled OD stretching modes of α-hopeite (isotopically dilute samples) strongly exceeds that expected from the number of hydrogen positions of the structure reported. In contrast, unequivocal assignment of the four hydrogen bonds of phosphophyllite has been performed. The distortion of the phosphate tetr…

Molecular StructureHydrogenHydrogen bondAnalytical chemistryZinc phosphatechemistry.chemical_elementHydrogen BondingSpectrum Analysis RamanPhosphateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhosphatesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDeuteriumZinc CompoundsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredOrthorhombic crystal systemFerrous CompoundsCrystalliteCrystallizationInstrumentationSpectroscopyMonoclinic crystal systemSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
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Theory of the Lamb Shift and fine structure in muonic 4He ions and the muonic 3He– 4He Isotope Shift

2018

Abstract We provide an up to date summary of the theory contributions to the 2S → 2P Lamb shift and the fine structure of the 2P state in the muonic helium ion ( μ 4 He ) + . This summary serves as the basis for the extraction of the alpha particle charge radius from the muonic helium Lamb shift measurements at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland. Individual theory contributions needed for a charge radius extraction are compared and compiled into a consistent summary. The influence of the alpha particle charge distribution on the elastic two-photon exchange is studied to take into account possible model-dependencies of the energy levels on the electric form factor of the nucleus. We al…

Muonic atoms/ionsHelium; Isotope shift; Nuclear structures; Fine structure; Lamb shift; Muonic atoms; Muonic ionsGeneral Physics and Astronomy7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHeliumIonLamb shiftCharge radius0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear structureSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy010306 general physicsExotic atomPhysics/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectric form factorCharge densityAlpha particleLamb shiftIsotope shiftDeuteriumFine structureAtomic physics
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87RbNMR spectra of hydrogen-bondedRb3D(SO4)2andRb3H(SO4)2crystals

1999

The paraelectric and antiferroelectric phases of ${\mathrm{Rb}}_{3}{\mathrm{D}(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}{)}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{Rb}}_{3}{\mathrm{H}(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}{)}_{2}$ were investigated using rubidium NMR. The angle dependence of the second order quadrupole shifted central ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ transitions was recorded at 300 K. It was found to be in full agreement with the symmetry elements of a monoclinic $A2/a$ structure. The temperature dependence of the magnitude and asymmetry of the electrical field gradient (EFG) tensors at the Rb sites was determined using powder samples and revealed no differences between protonated and deuterated specimens. The antiferroelectric transi…

NMR spectra databasePhysicsCrystallographyDeuteriumCondensed matter physicschemistryQuadrupoleMössbauer spectroscopyOrder (ring theory)chemistry.chemical_elementCritical exponentMonoclinic crystal systemRubidiumPhysical Review B
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GEANT4 simulation of the neutron background of the C6D6 set-up for capture studies at n_TOF

2014

The neutron sensitivity of the C6D6 detector setup used at n_TOF facility for capture measurements has been studied by means of detailed GEANT4 simulations. A realistic software replica of the entire n_TOF experimental hall, including the neutron beam line, sample, detector supports and the walls of the experimental area has beeni mplemented in the simulations. The simulations have been analyzed in the same manner as experimental data, in particular by applying the Pulse Height Weighting Technique. The simulations have been validated against a measurement of the neutron background performed with anatC sample, showing an excellent agreement above 1 keV. At lower energies, an additional compo…

Neutron captureNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGEANT4 simulations; Neutron time of flight; Neutron background; n_TOF; Neutron captureFOS: Physical sciencesNeutronN-TOF7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)Nuclear physicsCross section (physics)0103 physical sciencesNeutronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsGEANT4 simulations;N-TOF;Neutron time of flight;Neutron capture;Neutron backgroundNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationphysics.ins-detNuclear ExperimentGEANT4Line (formation)Particles (Nuclear physics)PhysicsBonner sphere:Energies::Energia nuclear [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]NeutronsGEANT4 simulation:Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorFísicaNeutron sensitivityDetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Neutron radiationNEUTRON TIME OF FLIGHTNeutron captureBackgroundDeuteriumN_TOFGEANT4 simulationsNeutron backgroundSimulation
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