Search results for "diatom"

showing 10 items of 156 documents

Ab initio study on the mechanism of the HCO+O2→HO2+CO reaction

2003

Abstract The gas-phase reaction HCO+O 2 →CO+HO 2 has been investigated by means of ab initio calculations. The mechanism can proceed through either a direct hydrogen abstraction or addition of O 2 to the formyl radical. The energy barriers calculated at the QCISD(T)/6-311G(2df,2p) level of theory upon QCISD/6-311G(d,p) optimized structures are, respectively, of 2.98 kcal mol −1 for the direct abstraction and of 2.26 kcal mol −1 for the addition. Thus, the results obtained show that there is not a dominant pathway in the HCO+O 2 reaction under atmospheric conditions of temperature and pressure.

Reaction mechanismTemperature and pressureComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHydrogen atom abstractionDiatomic moleculeChemical Physics Letters
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Molecular mode-coupling theory applied to a liquid of diatomic molecules

2000

We study the molecular mode coupling theory for a liquid of diatomic molecules. The equations for the critical tensorial nonergodicity parameters ${\bf F}_{ll'}^m(q)$ and the critical amplitudes of the $\beta$ - relaxation ${\bf H}_{ll'}^m(q)$ are solved up to a cut off $l_{co}$ = 2 without any further approximations. Here $l,m$ are indices of spherical harmonics. Contrary to previous studies, where additional approximations were applied, we find in agreement with simulations, that all molecular degrees of freedom vitrify at a single temperature $T_c$. The theoretical results for the non ergodicity parameters and the critical amplitudes are compared with those from simulations. The qualitat…

Relaxation (NMR)Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)FOS: Physical sciencesSpherical harmonicsDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksDiatomic moleculeCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterAmplitudeQuantum mechanicsMode couplingCutoffBeta (velocity)MathematicsPhysical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics
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Population dynamics and ecology of subdominant phytoplankton species in a shallow hypertrophic lake (Albufera of Valencia, Spain)

1994

Long-term population dynamics and ecology of the abundant but non-dominant phytoplankton species of the shallow hypertrophic lake the Albufera of Valencia (Spain) are described for the period 1980–1988. The lake is used as a reservoir for the surrounding ricefield cultivation. It is continuously dominated by three filamentous blue-green algae, Planktothrix agardhii, Pseudanabaena galeata and Geitlerinema sp. Horizontal differences of the phytoplankton were less important than annual and seasonal variations. An annual increasing trend was observed for Planktolyngbya subtilis, Planktolyngbya contorta, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcystis incerta, Nitzschia palea var. tenuirostris and R…

Scenedesmus acuminatuseducation.field_of_studybiologyNitzschiaEcologyPopulationAquatic Sciencebiology.organism_classificationLight intensityDiatomBotanyPhytoplanktonRhodomonaseducationScenedesmusHydrobiologia
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Diatoms from thermal-sulphur waters of “Fiume Caldo” (North-western Sicily).

2007

The present study describes the taxonomic composition, richness and seasonal dynamics of the diatom community from thermal-sulphur waters of "Fiume Caldo" (Northwestern Sicily). The diatom flora of these waters consists of 64 taxa, showing similarities with thermal diatom communities from different geographical areas. Among the recorded taxa, Diadesmis confervacea Kütz. is a new record for Sicily. Seasonal changes in assemblage composition and richness have been recorded; the highest diversity values were observed during winter and spring, while during summer the diatom community consisted of a limited number of organisms whereas blue-green algae were quantitatively dominant. Inside the stu…

Sicily thermal-sulphur waters diatoms taxonomic composition seasonal dynamicsSettore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica
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Localization and Characterization of Ferritin in Demospongiae: A Possible Role on Spiculogenesis

2014

Iron, as inorganic ion or as oxide, is widely used by biological systems in a myriad of biological functions (e.g., enzymatic, gene activation and/or regulation). In particular, marine organisms containing silica structures—diatoms and sponges—grow preferentially in the presence of iron. Using primary sponge cell culture from S. domuncula–primmorphs—as an in vitro model to study the Demospongiae spiculogenesis, we found the presence of agglomerates 50 nm in diameter exclusively inside sponge specialized cells called sclerocytes. A clear phase/material separation is observed between the agglomerates and the initial stages of intracellular spicule formation. STEM-HRTEM-EDX analysis of the agg…

SpiculeIronIron oxidePharmaceutical ScienceNanotechnologyFerric CompoundsArticle<i>Suberites domuncula</i>; primmorphs; iron; ferritin; spiculogenesischemistry.chemical_compoundprimmorphsDrug DiscoveryAnimalslcsh:QH301-705.5Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Cells CulturedSclerocyteDiatomsbiologyferritinHematitebiology.organism_classificationSilicon DioxideSuberites domunculaspiculogenesisPoriferaFerritinSuberites domunculaSpongelcsh:Biology (General)chemistryvisual_artFerritinsbiology.proteinBiophysicsvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSuberitesSuberitesMarine Drugs
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Scaling laws for inelastic collision processes in diatomic molecules

1991

International audience

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Scaling law[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]010304 chemical physicsChemistryGeneral EngineeringInelastic collision010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDiatomic molecule0104 chemical sciencesClassical mechanics0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Seasonality of coastal phytoplankton in the Baltic Sea: Influence of salinity and eutrophication

2005

Abstract In this study long-term (1984–2001) phytoplankton and physico-chemical monitoring data representing different salinity regimes of the Baltic Sea were compiled from HELCOM, national and regional databases. The aim was to define seasonal succession patterns of phytoplankton in seven different areas of the Baltic sea, characterised by different salinity, climate, and trophic conditions and to delineate a set of phytoplankton community indicators that are independent of season and salinity, but indicative of trophic status of different coastal areas. The cluster analysis of the combined data set resulted in eight phytoplankton community types, common for all locations, and characterise…

biologyEcologyfungiEcological successionAquatic ScienceSeasonalityOceanographymedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationSalinityOceanographyDiatomPhytoplanktonmedicineDominance (ecology)Environmental scienceEutrophicationTrophic level
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Role of hexagonal structure-forming lipids in diadinoxanthin and violaxanthin solubilization and de-epoxidation

2005

In this study, we have examined the influence of different lipids on the solubility of the xanthophyll cycle pigments diadinoxanthin (Ddx) and violaxanthin (Vx) and on the efficiency of Ddx and Vx de-epoxidation by the enzymes Vx de-epoxidase (VDE) from wheat and Ddx de-epoxidase (DDE) from the diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana, respectively. Our results show that the lipids MGDG and PE are able to solubilize both xanthophyll cycle pigments in an aqueous medium. Substrate solubilization is essential for de-epoxidase activity, because in the absence of MGDG or PE Ddx and Vx are present in an aggregated form, with limited accessibility for DDE and VDE. Our results also show that the hexagonal st…

chemistry.chemical_classificationDiatomsBilayerGalactolipidsPhosphatidylethanolaminesLipid BilayersHexagonal phaseDiadinoxanthinSubstrate (chemistry)BiologyXanthophyllsbeta CaroteneBiochemistrySubstrate Specificitychemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymeBiochemistrychemistrySolubilityXanthophyllThylakoidPhosphatidylcholinesOxidoreductasesViolaxanthin
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High yield recombinant production of a self-assembling polycationic peptide for silica biomineralization.

2015

We report the recombinant bacterial expression and purification at high yields of a polycationic oligopeptide, P5S3. The sequence of P5S3 was inspired by a diatom silaffin, a silica precipitating peptide. Like its native model, P5S3 exhibits silica biomineralizing activity, but furthermore has unusual self-assembling properties. P5S3 is efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion with ketosteroid isomerase (KSI), which causes deposition in inclusion bodies. After breaking the fusion by cyanogen bromide reaction, P5S3 was purified by cation exchange chromatography, taking advantage of the exceptionally high content of basic amino acids. The numerous cationic charges do not prevent, b…

chemistry.chemical_classificationDiatomsOligopeptideIon chromatographyPeptideIsomerasemedicine.disease_causeSilicon DioxideRecombinant Proteinslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistrylawmedicineRecombinant DNAEscherichia coliCyanogen bromideEscherichia coliOligopeptidesBiotechnologyBiomineralizationProtein expression and purification
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Dissociation energies within selected configuration interaction and perturbation theory

1993

Abstract Selected configuration interaction (CI) calculations and second-order perturbational theory are used to truncate systematically multireference single and double excitation CI (MRCI) expansions in the calculation of the bond dissociation energies of several systems like the single-bonded LiF molecule or the multiple-bonded N2, NO and O2 diatomic systems. The method is extended to compute the CH bond dissociation energy ofethene C2H4. It is shown how the proposed scheme (perturbation-selected MRCI (MRCI-PS)) is able to reproduce the accuracy of complete MRCI expansions with only a small number of configurations variationally evaluated.

chemistry.chemical_classificationElectronic correlationConfiguration interactionCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryBond-dissociation energyDiatomic moleculeMolecular physicsDissociation (chemistry)chemistryComputational chemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic compoundExcitationJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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