Search results for "diet"
showing 10 items of 4602 documents
Esperti di corpi, corpi di esperti: expertise e dietetica.
2021
Today, dietetics is sectoral, specialised. The cause, among others, is to be found in the emergence of so-called nutritionism, a paradigm that arose at the end of the the 19th century and established itself in the first half of the 20th century, which brings together discoveries from food science and the needs of the food industry, imposing the dominance of calories and so-called nutrients. This shifted the attention of scientists and ordinary people to the invisible substances that food contains on a chemical and physical level (vitamins, fats sugars, proteins, and the like), with a profound transformation the way in which we consider food: no longer just units and sensory units, made up o…
Dietetica e politica: regimi di senso.
2021
Usually when we use the word "diet" in contemporary culture, the first thing that comes to mind is the slimming diet. And, with it, everything in the collective imagination: calories, reducing quantities, giving up quantities, giving up the tastiest foods, and also instructions, manuals periodic checks, scales and so on. But the word 'diet' comes from the ancient Greek dìaita meaning 'way of life', 'daily habits'. What is meant by diet, then, can also be extended in reference to today: not only, in the strict sense, a programme to lose weight but a way of life, a way of regulating one's day, food choices, physical exercise, body care. This is how we will consider it: in the sense of regime …
Early development of hedonic and motivational aspects of eating behaviour
2015
Eating is essential for survival. However, the newborn is not an autonomous eater, and has to learn ‘how', ‘what', ‘when', and ‘how much' to eat quickly enough to ensure harmonious growth and development. In other nutritional areas, it has been shown during the past 20 years that early experiences are likely to impact long-term health outcomes. Thus, it appears fundamental to understand the early development of hedonic and motivational aspects of eating behaviour. This presentation will describe several studies conducted in our group during the past 10 years, in order to gain more knowledge about the development of what and how much children eat, in relation with food sensory and nutritiona…
Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption
2023
Gender-specific caffeine-related adverse effects should be thoroughly investigated. Sixty-five adult participants were included in the study, 30 men and 35 women (age, 22.5 ± 2.8; body weight, 71.7 ± 16.2 kg; BMI, 23.6 ± 4.4). The participants who were classified as low and moderate caffeine users received 3 mg/kg, and high caffeine users received 6 mg/kg of caffeine in one dose. One hour after ingestion of caffeine and within twenty-four hours, the participants completed a side effect questionnaire. Effects after the ingestion of CAF were divided into two subgroups: negative (muscle soreness, increased urine output, tachycardia and palpitations, anxiety or nervousness,…
Trophic ecology of piscivorous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) in subarctic lakes with contrasting food-web structures
2019
The trophic ecology of piscivorous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.); charr) in the food webs of large subarctic lakes is not well understood. We assessed charr diets, parasites, growth, maturity, and stable isotope ratios in Fennoscandian subarctic lakes dominated by monomorphic or polymorphic whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) populations. Charr density was low in all lakes, except in profundal habitats. Charr shifted to piscivory at small size (16–25 cm total length) and consumed a range of prey-fish sizes (2–25 cm). Cannibalism was observed in a few individuals from one monomorphic whitefish lake. Charr matured at 37–51 cm (5–8 years old), grew to 52–74 cm maximum observed length …
Importance of diet and prophylactic treatment on survival and immunity of polyphagous Arctia plantaginis (Arctiidae) larvae
2018
Diet is one of the major factors directly and indirectly influencing insect’s life history traits and risk of getting infected. Additionally the insect’s fitness is severely affected by the broad diversity of parasites they are exposed to. As a consequence insects have developed well-evolved defences. Behavioural responses include self-medication, the ability of insects to change dietary intake in response to an infection. When studying this ability it is of major importance to consider the insects natural diet range. In this thesis I investigated the effect of different host plants on fitness and immunocompetence of polyphagous Arctia plantaginis larvae and whether the larvae can therapeut…
Stile di vita e sindrome metabolica in un campione di adulti apparentemente sani
2014
Socioeconomic differences in selected dietary habits among Norwegian 13–14 year-olds: a cross-sectional study
2014
Background: Social inequalities in health are a major and even growing problem in all European countries.Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe 1) differences in dietary habits among Norwegian adolescents by gender and socioeconomic status; 2) differences in self-reported knowledge of dietary guidelines among their parents according to socioeconomic status.Design: In 2012, a cross-sectional study where students filled in a web-based food frequency questionnaire at school was conducted in nine lower secondary schools in Vest-Agder County, Norway. Socioeconomic status (SES) and knowledge of dietary guidelines were obtained from the parents using a web-based questionnaire. In …
Early life of fathers affects offspring fitness in a wild rodent
2019
Intergenerational fitness effects on offspring due to the early life of the parent are well studied from the standpoint of the maternal environment, but intergenerational effects owing to the paternal early life environment are often overlooked. Nonetheless, recent laboratory studies in mammals and ecologically relevant studies in invertebrates predict that paternal effects can have a major impact on the offspring's phenotype. These non‐genetic, environment‐dependent paternal effects provide a mechanism for fathers to transmit environmental information to their offspring, and could allow rapid adaptation. We used the bank vole Myodes glareolus, a wild rodent species with no paternal care, t…