Search results for "dieta"

La nutrición en el periodo preconcepcional y los resultados del embarazo: revisión bibliográfica y propuesta de intervención del Dietista-Nutricionis…

2016

El estado nutricional de la madre antes y durante el embarazo se constata en los últimos años como uno de los factores ambientales más influyentes en el desarrollo fetal. Este estudio se centra en las primeras fases del proceso de gestación o periodo periconcepcional: preconcepción, concepción, implantación, placentación y embriogénesis; puesto que representan un paso crítico en los resultados del embarazo. Tras una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva de 66 investigaciones publicadas entre los años 1990 y 2015, fueron el zinc, el hierro, el yodo, los ácidos grasos omega-3, el ácido fólico y otras vitaminas del grupo B, los minerales y micronutrientes para los que se han encontrado mayor evide…

Magnesium and hypertension in old age

2021

Hypertension is a complex condition in which various actors and mechanisms combine, resulting in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications that today represent the most frequent causes of mortality, morbidity, disability, and health expenses worldwide. In the last decades, there has been an exceptional amount of experimental, epidemiological, and clinical studies confirming a close relationship between magnesium deficit and high blood pressure. Multiple mechanisms may help to explain the bulk of evidence supporting a protective effect of magnesium against hypertension and its complications. Hypertension increases sharply with advancing age, hence older persons are those most affected…

Water and Sodium in Heart Failure: A Spotlight on Congestion.

2014

Despite all available therapies, the rates of hospitalization and death from heart failure (HF) remain unacceptably high. The most common reasons for hospital admission are symptoms related to congestion. During hospitalization, most patients respond well to standard therapy and are discharged with significantly improved symptoms. Post-discharge, many patients receive diligent and frequent follow-up. However, rehospitalization rates remain high. One potential explanation is a persistent failure by clinicians to adequately manage congestion in the outpatient setting. The failure to successfully manage these patients post-discharge may represent an unmet need to improve the way congestion is …

Is the taste of fat regulated?

2013

Over the last decade, converging data have been accumulated both in rodents and humans, supporting the existence of a sixth taste modality devoted to the perception of dietary lipids. It is well known that the sense of taste is determinant for the food choice and that the overconsumption of highly palatable energy-dense foods contributes to the current obesity epidemic. Thus, an important issue in terms of Public Health is to understand the mechanisms by which the oro-sensory perception of fat is regulated. An overview of our current knowledge in this field of investigations is proposed in this mini-review.

Dietary cholate increases plasma levels of apolipoprotein B in mice by posttranscriptional mechanisms

2001

To induce atherogenesis in mice, a high fat (HF) diet is supplemented with cholic acid (CA), which increases apoB-containing particles and lower apoA-I-containing particles. HF diet without CA increases levels of both HDL and LDL, suggesting that CA may be responsible for the elevation of LDL and lowering of HDL. The mechanism of dietary CA-induced lowering of apoA-I-containing particles has recently been reported. In this study, we examined the mechanism of CA- and HF-induced elevation of apoB-containing lipoproteins in mice. Mice were fed the following four diets: control chow (C), high fat high cholesterol, (HF), control and 0.5% cholate (CA), and HF + CA. Dietary CA increased the plasma…

Leucine supplementation and intensive training.

1999

Leucine, isoleucine and valine, the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), make up about one-third of muscle protein. Of these, leucine has been the most thoroughly investigated because its oxidation rate is higher than that of isoleucine or valine. Leucine also stimulates protein synthesis in muscle and is closely associated with the release of gluconeogenic precursors, such as alanine, from muscle. Significant decreases in plasma or serum levels of leucine occur following aerobic (11 to 33%), anaerobic lactic (5 to 8%) and strength exercise (30%) sessions. In skeletal muscle, there is a decrease in leucine level and a reduction in glycogen stores during exhaustive aerobic exercise. Basal fast…

Hepatic amino acid uptake is decreased in lactating rats. In vivo and in vitro studies.

1994

To study the redistribution of amino acids to the mammary gland during lactation we used lactating and virgin rats fed liquid diets. Virgin rats were divided in two groups: one group was fed daily a diet containing the same amount of protein that was consumed the previous day by lactating rats (high protein diet-fed rats), and the other virgin group was fed the normal liquid diet (control). The hepatic availability of amino acids was significantly higher in the lactating rats than in the other two groups, but the uptake and fractional extraction of amino acids by the liver were lower in lactating rats than in the high protein-fed virgin controls. When primary hepatocyte cultures were used, …

Lipid Activates mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the Absorption of Dietary Triglycerides

2018

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses amino acids; however, its role in lipid metabolism is less established. Organismal lipid requirements are largely met through dietary intake. How nutrient sensing mechanisms in gut interface with dietary fat remains unclear. Here we reveal fundamental and cooperative roles for mTOR complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC1/2) in absorption of dietary triglycerides. Dietary lipid activates mTORC1/2 signaling in gut. Hyperactivating mTORC1 by deleting Tsc1 is sufficient to promote triglyceride absorption and metabolic disease in high fat-fed mice. Conversely, blocking mTORC1/2 by deleting Raptor or Rictor each decreases triglyceride absorption. Loss of Raptor seq…

Intolerance to hydrolysed cow's milk proteins in infants: clinical characteristics and dietary treatment

2000

Summary Background Multiple food intolerance in infants, including intolerance to extensively hydrolysed proteins (HP), is often difficult to treat. However, few data have been reported on clinical outcome and dietary treatment of these patients. Aims To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with HP-intolerance and the longterm outcome of treatment with ass’ milk. Patients and Methods This study included 21 HP-intolerant infants (15 males, median age at diagnosis 2 months) treated with an ass’ milk-based diet and 70 cow’s milk (CM) intolerant infants (40 males, median age at diagnosis 3 months) treated with casein hydrolysate milk-based diet. All patients were followed-up for a …

The follow-up of dietary treatment of obesity

2008