Search results for "difference"
showing 10 items of 1534 documents
Numerical modeling of eastern Tibetan-type margin: Influences of surface processes, lithospheric structure and crustal rheology
2013
The eastern Tibetan margin is characterized by a steep topographic gradient and remarkably lateral variations in crustal/lithospheric structure and thermal state. GPS measurements show that the surface convergence rate in this area is strikingly low. How can such a mountain range grow without significant upper crustal shortening? In order to investigate the formation mechanism of the eastern Tibetan-type margins, we conducted 2D numerical simulations based on finite difference and marker-in-cell techniques. The numerical models were constrained with geological and geophysical observations in the eastern Tibetan margin. Several major parameters responsible for topography building, such as th…
Malaria resurgence risk in southern Europe: climate assessment in an historically endemic area of rice fields at the Mediterranean shore of Spain
2010
Abstract Background International travel and immigration have been related with an increase of imported malaria cases. This fact and climate change, prolonging the period favouring vector development, require an analysis of the malaria transmission resurgence risk in areas of southern Europe. Such a study is made for the first time in Spain. The Ebro Delta historically endemic area was selected due to its rice field landscape, the presence of only one vector, Anopheles atroparvus, with densities similar to those it presented when malaria was present, in a situation which pronouncedly differs from already assessed potential resurgence areas in other Mediterranean countries, such as France an…
Diagnosing Occupational Stress in Romanian Organisations
2014
Abstract The study investigates the complex topic of occupational stress, based on a comprehensive model of stress diagnosis and management for romanian employees (N=1026 participants), at individual and organizational level. The following multidimensional components of the dynamic stress process are measured with the romanian adapted version of Pressure Management Indicator (PMI, Williams & Cooper, 1998 ; PMI-RO, Brate, 2004 , Brate, 2006 , Brate, 2008 ): stressors, effects, individual differences and coping strategies. Specific significant influences and associations between stressors, individual differences, coping strategies and perceived effects of occupational stress are presented. Fu…
The Efficacy of an Experimental Single Solution versus Alternate Use of Multiple Irrigants on Root Dentin Microhardness
2013
The objective of this work was to use fnite element analysis to compare the effect of forces coming to bear on abutments 4.1 or 5.0 mm in diameter connThis study was carried-out to evaluate and compare the efficacy of various irrigants when used singly or in combination on the microhardness of root canal dentin. Study Design: A total of 50 root-halves were randomly divided into 5 groups immediately after the initial baseline microhardness measurements and treated with: Group-1; 7.5%Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA)+ 2.5%sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Group-2; 7.5%ethyleneglycol-bis[b-aminoethylether]-N, N,N0,N0-tetraaceticacid (EGTA)+ 2.5%NaOCl, Group-3; 7.5%trans1,2diaminocyclohexane NNN…
Method Effects and Gender Invariance of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale: A Study on Adolescents
2015
AbstractRosenberg's self-esteem scale has been extensively used in all areas of psychology to assess global self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965, 1979). Its construct validity, and specifically its factor structure, has almost from the beginning been under debate. More than four decades after its creation the cumulated evidence points that the scale measures a single trait (self-esteem) but confounded by a method factor associated to negatively worded items. The aim of the study is to examine the measurement invariance of the RSES by gender and test potential gender differences at the latent (trait and method) variable level, while controlling for method effects, in a sample of Spanish students. A …
Measuring self-esteem in Spanish adolescents: Equivalence across gender and educational levels
2015
Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (RSES) has been applied in many areas of psychology, highlighting the interest in the study of gender differences and educational level. At the same time, there was a methodological debate on its psychometric properties. Evidence points at a scale measuring a single trait confounded by a method factor associated to negatively worded items. The aim of the study is to examine RSES differences due to gender and educational level at the factor level, while controlling for the presence of method effects, in Spanish students. A completely a priori model was separately tested in four subsamples: college men and women, and high school men and women, and an invariance r…
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MAGNETIC DROPLET DYNAMICS IN A ROTATING FIELD
2013
Dynamics and hysteresis of an elongated droplet under the action of a rotating magnetic field is considered for mathematical modelling. The shape of droplet is found by regularization of the ill-posed initial–boundary value problem for nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE). It is shown that two methods of the regularization – introduction of small viscous bending torques and construction of monotonous continuous functions are equivalent. Their connection with the regularization of the ill-posed reverse problems for the parabolic equation of heat conduction is remarked. Spatial discretization is carried out by the finite difference scheme (FDS). Time evolution of numerical solutions …
Mathematical modelling of an elongated magnetic droplet in a rotating magnetic field
2012
Dynamics of an elongated droplet under the action of a rotating magnetic field is considered by mathematical modelling. The actual shape of a droplet is obtained by solving the initial-boundary value problem of a nonlinear singularly perturbed partial differential equation (PDE). For the discretization in space the finite difference scheme (FDS) is applied. Time evolution of numerical solutions is obtained with MATLAB by solving a large system of ordinary differential equations (ODE).
Cognitive emotion regulation withstands the stress test: An fMRI study on the effect of acute stress on distraction and reappraisal
2021
Cognitive emotion regulation is a key mechanism for the maintenance of mental health, but may fail, when individuals are exposed to acute stress. To date, it is not well understood whether and to what extent acute stress effects contribute to impairments in emotion regulation capacities as the sparse existing studies have yielded heterogeneous results, indicating that stress timing might be a crucial factor.In the present study, 81 healthy participants underwent either an acute stress task (ScanSTRESS-C; n = 40) or a control condition (n = 41) while lying in the MRI scanner. In the subsequent Cognitive Emotion Regulation Task (CERT), participants were confronted with neutral or negative pic…
Assessment wine aroma persistence by using an in vivo PTR-ToF-MS approach and its relationship with salivary parameters
2019
To better understand wine aroma persistence, the nasal cavity of nine volunteers was monitored by Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) after they rinsed their mouths with three rosé wines (one control and the same wine supplemented with two tannin extracts) during four minutes. Wines were aromatised with a mixture of five target aroma compounds. Results showed that wine aroma persistence was highly compound-dependent: while esters disappeared very fast, other compounds such as linalool remained in the oral cavity for longer times after wine expectoration. A low effect of tannins (at 50 mg/L) on nasal cavity parameters was observed, with the exception for th…