Search results for "difference"

showing 10 items of 1534 documents

On lead-scandium tantalate solid solutions with high electrocaloric effect

1992

Abstract The PbSc0,5Ta0,5O3 solutions are found to be a useful material for active elements of microcryogenic devices based on electrocaloric effect. A temperature difference of ΔT = 1. 0-1.8 K at field intensities 20–30 kV/cm in the interval of 210–310 K can be achieved by simultaneous or separate introducing of Sb and Co ions in B-sites of the lattice. The most important contribution to the electrocaloric effect is due to field-induced Fn3m → R3m phase transition in the case of high ordering of B-ions in the perovskite structure ABO3.

chemistry.chemical_compoundPhase transitionMaterials sciencechemistryCondensed matter physicsLattice (order)Lead scandium tantalateElectrocaloric effectTemperature differenceCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolid solutionFerroelectrics
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Association between osteocalcin and cognitive performance in healthy older adults.

2016

INTRODUCTION: cognitive deterioration and reductions of bone health coincide with increasing age. We examine the relationship between bone composition and plasma markers of bone remodelling with measures of cognitive performance in healthy adults.METHODS: this cross-sectional study included 225 old (52% women, mean age: 74.4 ± 3.3 years) and 134 young (52% women, mean age: 23.4 ± 2.7 years) adult participants from the MyoAge project. Whole body bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood analyses included a panel of bone-related peptides (dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin, sclerostin, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor …

cognitionMaleAgingosteopontinvery elderlyCognitive declinesclerostinNeuropsychological Testsolder peopleExecutive FunctionAbsorptiometry PhotonBone Densityblood analysiscognitive defectphoton absorptiometry80 and overcalcium blood leveldickkopf 1 protein25 hydroxyvitamin D; calcium; dickkopf 1 protein; fibroblast growth factor 23; osteocalcin; osteopontin; osteoprotegerin; parathyroid hormone; sclerostin; biological marker; osteocalcin adult; aged; Article; blood analysis; bone density; bone remodeling; calcium blood level; cognition; controlled study; cross-sectional study; dual energy X ray absorptiometry; episodic memory; executive function; female; human; male; neuropsychological test; priority journal; working memory; adolescent; age; aging; blood; clinical trial; cognitive aging; cognitive defect; comparative study; Europe; metabolic bone disease; multicenter study; photon absorptiometry; psychology; sex difference; short term memory; very elderly; young adult Absorptiometry Photon; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Aging; Biomarkers; Bone Density; Bone Diseases Metabolic; Bone Remodeling; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive Aging; Cross-Sectional Studies; Europe; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Male; Memory Episodic; Memory Short-Term; Neuropsychological Tests; Osteocalcin; Sex Factors; Young Adult; Ageing; Cognitive decline; Older people; Osteocalcincomparative studyAged 80 and overdual energy X ray absorptiometryadultAge Factorsclinical trialepisodic memorybiological markerPhotonEuropeagedMemory Short-Termfemalepriority journalyoung adultmetabolic bone diseaseBone RemodelingBone DiseasesEpisodicResearch PaperAdolescentMemory Episodicsex differenceOsteocalcinosteocalcinpsychologyArticleworking memoryfibroblast growth factor 23short term memorySex FactorsbloodMemoryparathyroid hormonecross-sectional studyHumanscontrolled studyhumanAbsorptiometrycalciumcognitive agingcognitive declineBone Diseases MetabolicAgeingikääntyminen25 hydroxyvitamin Dmulticenter studyCross-Sectional StudiesageShort-Termosteoprotegerinneuropsychological testMetabolicOlder peopleCognition DisordersBiomarkers
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Physical activity and exercise in mild cognitive impairment and dementia::an umbrella review of intervention and observational studies

2020

Objectives:\ud \ud The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the effect of physical activity/exercise on improving cognitive and noncognitive outcomes in people with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and dementia.\ud \ud Design:\ud \ud Umbrella review of systematic reviews (SR), with or without meta-analyses (MAs), of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.\ud \ud Settings and Participants:\ud \ud People with MCI or dementia, confirmed through validated assessment measures. Any form of physical activity/exercise was included. As controls, we included participants not following any prespecified physical activity/exercise intervention or following the same standard…

cognitionmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysical activity; cognition; dementia; mild cognitive impairment; physical exercise; umbrella review; Cognition; Exercise; Humans; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Cognitive Dysfunction; DementiaPhysical activity; cognition; dementia; mild cognitive impairment; physical exercise; umbrella reviewPhysical exerciselaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesmild cognitive impairmentCognition0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialphysical exerciselawmental disordersMedicine and Health SciencesmedicineHumansDementiaCognitive Dysfunction030212 general & internal medicineAn Umbrella Review of Intervention and Observational Studies- JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION cilt.21 ss.1415-1428 2020 [Demurtas J. Schoene D. Torbahn G. Marengoni A. Grande G. Zou L. Petrovic M. Maggi S. Cesari M. Lamb S. et al. -Physical Activity and Exercise in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia]ExerciseGeneral NursingPhysical activity physical exercise dementia mild cognitive impairment cognition umbrella reviewRISKGeriatricsumbrella reviewPhysical activitybusiness.industryHealth PolicyCognitionGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseStrictly standardized mean differencePhysical therapyDementiaObservational studyGeriatrics and GerontologyAlzheimer's diseasebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerydementiaSystematic Reviews as Topic
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A Collector Deceives—About the Ways of Deceiving Women by Men and Men by Women as far as Spending Money on Collecting Items Is Concerned

2022

The presented research shows that neither women nor men are honest with their partners when informing them about the amount of money spent on collecting items. Their behaviour may show signs of addiction to collecting. Men in comparison to women spend more and are less likely to lower the amounts of money spent on collected items. Those who earn more spend more on their collections. Women and men also use different techniques of hiding their expenses. Women do not inform about their expenses using denying techniques (such as saying that it was bought/borrowed a long time ago, etc.), whereas men inform about expenses but use preventive techniques (such as exchange). What is more, men tend to…

collectingdeceptioncollecting; deception; gender differencesgender differencesHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 19; Issue 24; Pages: 16755
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Una aproximación a las concepciones de estudiantes preuniversitarios y universitarios sobre pilas galvánicas

2014

En el presente trabajo se han investigado las concepciones alternativas sobre pilas galvánicas y las interpretaciones de los procesos que tienen lugar en una pila voltaica simple. Han participado en él 55 estudiantes del 2º de Bachillerato español (curso previo al ingreso en la universidad) y 43 estudiantes de primer año del Grado de Química. El análisis comparativo de los resultados de la administración de un test y de una pregunta abierta revela que: a) Tanto los estudiantes de 2º de bachillerato como los de 1º de Grado sostienen concepciones erróneas sobre pilas galvánicas; b) No hay diferencias significativas en las concepciones e interpretaciones entre ambos grupos de estudiantes, y c)…

comparative analysisSignificant differencegalvanic cellsconcepciones alternativasGeneral Chemistrypilas galvánicasvoltaic cellEducationTest (assessment)análisis comparativoElectroquímicapila voltaicaMathematics educationstudents’ interpretationsinterpretaciones de los estudiantesmisconceptionsPsychologyHumanitiesEducación Química
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R&D subsidies and productivity in SMEs

2015

This paper examines the effect of R&D subsidies on labour productivity. We use firm-level data on Finnish SMEs from 2000 to 2012 and apply a combined matching and difference-in-differences method to control for selection bias. We find no significant positive effect on labour productivity over the five-year period after a subsidy is granted. However, the results vary over time and indicate a 2–4 % negative effect on SMEs’ annual productivity growth one to 2 years after the subsidy year. Nevertheless, subsidies generate a positive employment effect and enhance firm survival. Additional scrutiny reveals that subsidies positively affect the human capital level of low-skill firms. peerReviewed

conditional difference-in-differencessubsidieselinkeinopolitiikkatuottavuusSMEsresearch and development
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Decentering, Acceptance, and Non-Attachment : Challenging the Question "Is It Me?"

2021

Among mindfulness measures the three constructs acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment are psychometrically closely related, despite their apparent semantic differences. These three facets present robust psychometric features and can be considered core themes in most “third wave” clinical models. The aim of the present study was to explore the apparently different content domains (acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment) by administering various psychometric scales in a large sample of 608 volunteers. Resilience and depression were also assessed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses performed in two randomly selected subsamples showed a bifactor approximation. The explained…

confirmatory factor analysisdemographyegoMindfulnessmindfulnessage distributionRC435-571non attachmentconvenience sampledecenteringSalut mentalmedia_commonOriginal ResearchPsychiatryDepressionadultVariance (accounting)Large samplePsychiatry and Mental healthagedMeditaciófemalepsychological resiliencedepressionNon-attachmentPsychological resiliencemedicine.symptomPsychologyConstruct (philosophy)MindfulnessCognitive psychologynon-attachmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectsex differenceArticleDelusionmaleId ego and super-egomedicinecross-sectional studycontrolled studyhumanresilienceDecenteringResiliencemajor clinical studysocial statusAcceptanceself conceptadolescentexploratory researchpsychometryrandomized controlled trialneuropsychological testpsychological well-beingThird waveacceptance
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Questions and controversies in the study of time-varying functional connectivity in resting fMRI.

2020

The brain is a complex, multiscale dynamical system composed of many interacting regions. Knowledge of the spatiotemporal organization of these interactions is critical for establishing a solid understanding of the brain’s functional architecture and the relationship between neural dynamics and cognition in health and disease. The possibility of studying these dynamics through careful analysis of neuroimaging data has catalyzed substantial interest in methods that estimate time-resolved fluctuations in functional connectivity (often referred to as “dynamic” or time-varying functional connectivity; TVFC). At the same time, debates have emerged regarding the application of TVFC analyses to re…

confound regression strategiesComputer scienceBrain networksRest1.1 Normal biological development and functioningdynamic connectivityReviewDynamical systemlcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesFunctional connectivity0302 clinical medicineArtificial IntelligenceUnderpinning researchBehavioral and Social Sciencestate fmricognitive controlmotion correctionReview Articleslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyindividual-differencesRest (physics)0303 health sciencesApplied MathematicsGeneral NeuroscienceResting fmriFunctional connectivitytest-retest reliabilityfMRINeurosciencesComputer Science ApplicationsMental HealthNeurologicalwhole-brainNeurosciencedefault mode030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBrain dynamics
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Clinical manifestations of cancer in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

2023

Background Neoplasmatic disease increases the risk of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) by different pathophysiological mechanisms that favor thrombosis in patients with cancer. Recently, the role of cancer (active and occult) in the prevalence of venous thromboembolism has been discussed more thoroughly in the subject literature. Material Medical records of 366 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of APE (aged: mean = 65.0 ± 16.6, median = 68, range = 19–94; men = 41%/women = 59%) were collected with a wide range of demographic data, medical history of coexisting diseases, computer examination, and laboratory tests. Methods The APE patients were analyzed in two groups: negative cancer cases …

constant excess riskcancerGeneral MedicineCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicineacute pulmonary embolismlaboratory test differencesJournal of Cardiovascular Medicine
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Gender differences in coronary heart disease in elderly population

2017

Coronary heart diseases (CHDs) represent one of the leading causes of death in developed countries, and particularly in elderly populations. There are several genderspecific differences in the risk factors, presentation, management, and prognosis of CHDs in middle-aged and elderly adults. Elderly women, for example, tend to present with these diseases at an older age compared to men and are characterized by a greater number of risk factors and comorbidities at diagnosis. As far as symptomatic acute coronary syndromes are concerned, older women are less likely to report critical arterial obstruction, but seem to be more frequently affected by adverse outcomes and higher mortality. These feat…

coronary heart diseases gender differences elderly.
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