Search results for "digestive system"
showing 10 items of 1747 documents
Peginterferon-Α_2B plus ribavirin is more effective than peginterferon-Α_2A plus ribavirin in menopausal women with chronic hepatitis C
2012
Summary. Under-enrolment of women to randomized clinical trials, including chronic hepatitis C, has long been recognized. The aim of this study was to identify factors predictive of sustained virological response (SVR) to PEG IFN/Ribavirin antiviral therapy in relation to gender and reproductive status of female patients involved. Seven hundred and forty-six treatment-naive patients (431 men, 315 women) treated with Peg-IFNα-2a (180 μg/week) or Peg-IFNα-2b (1.5 μg/kg/week) plus ribavirin (800–1400 mg/day) for 24 or 48 weeks were studied between 2006 and 2010. Differences in SVR rate, overall and by gender were assessed after adjustment and propensity score matching. SVR was obtained in 44…
Hepatocellular cancer: optimal strategies for screening and surveillance.
2009
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging malignancy of global importance and is associated with a high rate of mortality. Individuals with chronic viral hepatitis and other forms of liver disease are at risk for developing HCC. The stage of cancer dictates the therapeutic choice, making early detection a primary objective. Many observational studies have reported that HCC is diagnosed at an earlier stage in patients who received surveillance. The guidelines of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases suggest that surveillance should be performed using ultrasonography at an interval of every 6–12 months. This interval is based upon mainly observational data and the exp…
Imaging features of histological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma: Implication for LI-RADS
2021
Background & Aims The histopathological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are associated with distinct clinical features and prognoses. This study aims to report Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS)-defined imaging features of different HCC subtypes in a cohort of resected tumours and to assess the influence of HCC subtypes on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) LI-RADS categorisation in the subgroup of high-risk patients. Methods This retrospective institutional review board-approved study included patients with resected HCCs and available histopathological classification. Three radiologists independently reviewed preoperative CT and MRI exams. T…
Panintestinal capsule endoscopy in patients with celiac disease
2021
INTRODUCTION Capsule endoscopy has proven its utility in diagnosing villous atrophy and lymphoma in patients with celiac disease. Recently, a novel capsule endoscopy system was introduced which enables the examination of the small and large bowel. So far, it has not been evaluated in patients with celiac disease. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the novel panintestinal capsule endoscopy system in patients with celiac disease. METHODS Eleven patients with histologically proven celiac disease (Marsh 0-IV), who underwent a panintestinal capsule endoscopy between March 2018 and April 2019 at our institution, were included in this retrospective single-center study. A…
Optimized threshold for serum HCV RNA to predict treatment outcomes in hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin
2012
Summary. It is unclear whether the current threshold for ‘high’ hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA level (800 000 IU/mL) is optimal for predicting sustained virological response (SVR). We retrospectively analysed pretreatment HCV RNA levels and SVR rates in 1529 mono-infected and 176 HIV–HCV co-infected patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kD) plus ribavirin. We improved the threshold for differentiating low and high viral load by fitting semiparametric generalized additive logistic regression models to the data and constructing receiver operating characteristics curves. Among HCV genotype 1 mono-infected patients, the difference in SVR rates between those with low and high baseline HC…
Carditis in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: results of a controlled study based on both endoscopy and 24-h oesophageal pH monitoring
2004
Summary Background : There are conflicting reports on the role of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Helicobacter pylori infection in the aetiology of carditis. Aim : The role of reflux and H. pylori infection in causing carditis was assessed in 113 consecutive patients with GERD and in 25 controls. Methods : All subjects underwent endoscopy and pH test and carditis was diagnosed on biopsies taken across the squamocolumnar junction. Helicobacter pylori was assessed by histology and rapid urease test. GERD was diagnosed by endoscopic oesophagitis or abnormal pH test. Results : Carditis was detected in 53 of 71 GERD patients and in 15 of 20 controls. Among patients, 18 showed absent…
A double-blind, randomized, dose response study testing the pharmacological efficacy of synthetic porcine secretin
2000
Background: Biologically derived porcine secretin has been used as a diagnostic agent in clinical gastrointestinal practice for many years. Pure synthetic porcine secretin is now available for investigational clinical use. Aim: To compare the pharmacology of synthetic porcine secretin and biologically derived porcine secretin in healthy volunteers. Methods: Secretin stimulation tests were performed in 12 volunteer subjects in a double-blind, randomized, Latin square crossover design study comparing three doses of synthetic porcine secretin (0.05, 0.2, and 0.4 μg/kg) with a standard dose of biologically derived porcine secretin (1 CU/kg). Duodenal aspirates were analysed for total volume and…
Comparison of the main oesophageal pathophysiological characteristics between short- and long-segment Barrett's oesophagus
2002
Aim: To assess the oesophageal manometric characteristics and 24-h pH profiles of patients with both short-segment and long-segment Barrett's oesophagus and compare them with those of patients with reflux oesophagitis and controls. Methods: Seventy-nine patients who had undergone upper digestive endoscopy were recruited: 16 had short-segment Barrett's oesophagus, 13 had long-segment Barrett's oesophagus, 25 had grade III oesophagitis according to the Savary–Miller classification and 25 were used as controls. The diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus was based on the histological detection of specialized intestinal metaplasia, which extended 3 cm in patients with long-segment disease. All subje…
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Increases the Risk of Anxiety and Depression.
2020
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), depression, and anxiety disorders are frequent diseases, and data on mutual influence are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence of depression and anxiety in a large primary care cohort in Germany and to study the impact of NAFLD over a 10‐year time frame. Patients with NAFLD diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were matched to a cohort without NAFLD controlling for age, sex, physician, index year, and Charlson comorbidity index. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of depression, anxiety, and first prescription of antidepressant drugs. We compared 19,871 patients with NAFLD to 19,871 matched controls. Within 10 ye…
Treatment of acute hepatitis C in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: The HEPAIG study
2010
Acute hepatitis C continues to be a concern in men who have sex with men (MSM), and its optimal management has yet to be established. In this study, the clinical, biological, and therapeutic data of 53 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected MSM included in a multicenter prospective study on acute hepatitis C in 2006-2007 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The mean hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load at diagnosis was 5.8 ± 1.1 log10 IU/mL (genotype 4, n = 28; genotype 1, n = 14, genotype 3, n = 7). The cumulative rates of spontaneous HCV clearance were 11.0% and 16.5% 3 and 6 months after diagnosis, respectively. Forty patients were treated, 38 of whom received pegylated interf…