Search results for "digestive system"
showing 10 items of 1747 documents
Anti–Interleukin-12 Antibody for Active Crohn's Disease
2004
Crohn's disease is associated with excess cytokine activity mediated by type 1 helper T (Th1) cells. Interleukin-12 is a key cytokine that initiates Th1-mediated inflammatory responses.This double-blind trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of a human monoclonal antibody against interleukin-12 (anti-interleukin-12) in 79 patients with active Crohn's disease. Patients were randomly assigned to receive seven weekly subcutaneous injections of 1 mg or 3 mg of anti-interleukin-12 per kilogram of body weight or placebo, with either a four-week interval between the first and second injection (Cohort 1) or no interruption between the two injections (Cohort 2). Safety was the primary end point, an…
Permanent Stoma After Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer
2010
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A low anterior resection procedure for removing a rectal tumor aims to preserve the sphincter and avoid a permanent stoma. Permanent stomas are primarily necessary in cases of poor anorectal function and local recurrence. The aim of this study was to clarify whether anastomosis-related complications and local recurrence influenced the rate of permanent stomas in a long-term follow-up. METHODS: Of 1032 consecutive patients with rectal cancer, 397 were treated by low anterior resection (R0 and R1 resections) between 1985 and 2007 at the Department of General and Abdominal Surgery of the University Hospital, Mainz (Germany). All patient data were collected prospectiv…
Incidence, Presentation, and Prognosis of Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma in Patients with Small Bowel Crohn's Disease: A Prospective Observational Study.
2013
International audience; BACKGROUND:: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) of the colon are at risk for colorectal cancer and should be screened for dysplasia and cancer of the colon. Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a complication of small bowel CD and carries a poor prognosis. However, there is no screening test for SBA in patients with small bowel CD. The aim of this study was to assess the risk and incidence of SBA in a large prospective cohort of patients with small bowel CD and to compare it with the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with CD involving the colon, recruited in the same cohort. METHODS:: In a nationwide French cohort, 11,759 patients with CD were enrolled by 680 gast…
Schwannoma of the common bile duct: a rare cause of obstructive jaundice.
2003
The endoscopic diagnosis of bile duct lesions has improved over recent years through the introduction of cholangioscopy and intraductal ultrasound. Combining this with biopsies examined using routinely administered immunohistochemical markers, the diagnosis of tumors of the extrahepatic bile duct can be improved substantially. We report a rare case of a schwannoma of the bile duct causing obstructive jaundice.
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on esophageal motility in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
2014
To evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on esophageal peristalsis in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Patients with GERD preliminary diagnosis were included in a randomized double-blind sham-controlled study. Esophageal manometry was performed before and during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the right precentral cortex. Half of patients were randomly assigned to anodal, half to sham stimulation. Distal waves amplitude and pathological waves percentage were measured, after swallowing water boli, for ten subsequent times. Last, a 24h pH-bilimetry was done to diagnose non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) or functional heartb…
Switching to a Second Thiopurine in Adult and Elderly Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Study From the ENEIDA Registry
2020
Abstract Background and Aims Although commonly used in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], thiopurines frequently cause intolerance, and switching to a second thiopurine has only been reported in some small series. Ours aims in this study were to evaluate the safety of switching to a second thiopurine in a large cohort, and to assess the impact of age on tolerance. Methods Adult IBD patients from the ENEIDA registry, who were switched to a second thiopurine due to adverse events [excluding malignancies and infections], were identified. At the beginning of thiopurine treatment, patients were divided by age into two groups: 18–50 and over 60 years of age. The rate and concordance of adverse eve…
Circadian gastric acidity in Helicobacter pylori positive ulcer patients with and without gastric metaplasia in the duodenum.
1996
BACKGROUND: The presence of gastric metaplasia allows helicobacter pylori to colonise the duodenum and this condition is thought to be acquired as a response to acid hypersecretion. This functional disorder, however, is present only in a subgroup of duodenal ulcer patients and, in addition, surface gastric metaplasia has been frequently found in the proximal duodenum of normal subjects and patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, who cannot be certainly considered as acid hypersecretors. AIMS: To clarify the role of acid in inducing gastric type epithelium in the duodenum. This study aimed at assessing whether the pattern of circadian gastric acidity differs between H pylori positive duodenal ulc…
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy in a Patient with Obscure Occult Bleeding
2002
A case of obscure/occult bleeding in a 39-year old man with a 7-year history of chronic fatigue and iron-deficiency anemia is presented here. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, push enteroscopy, ileocolonoscopies, and a magnetic resonance imaging small-bowel follow-through did not reveal any abnormalities. Multiple inflammatory lesions with fibrin-covered ulcers and petechial bleeding in the area of the lower jejunum and ileum were diagnosed only with capsule endoscopy. One ulcer located near the ileocecal valve was then biopsied during a repeat ileocolonoscopy, and the histology showed signs of Crohn's enteritis. The further treatment approach was changed, with medical treatment being initiated a…
Investigation of the Effect of Duodenoscopy on Sphincter of Oddi Manometry
1991
To investigate whether endoscopy affects sphincter of Oddi (SO) manometry, three patients who had undergone previous cholecystectomy and had a T-tube in situ for drainage were studied. Manometry was performed using a perfused triple lumen manometry catheter (diameter 1.7 mm), which was advanced into the SO lumen through the T-tube. SO motility, baseline pressure, common bile duct pressure and duodenal pressure were monitored before and during endoscopy while the tip of the endoscope was in the mouth, esophagus (upper third, precardial), stomach and duodenum. Endoscopy and even a moderate insufflation of air necessary to pass the pylorus and inspect the papilla of Vater did not affect the pa…
HCV infection and oral lichen planus: a weak association when HCV is endemic.
2004
Oral lichen planus (OLP), an immune-mediated disorder, has been reported as an extra-hepatic manifestation of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, especially in HCV hyperendemic areas such as southern Europe and Japan. The aim of this study was to investigate from an epidemiological standpoint whether HCV infection is an important factor affecting the relative risk of OLP in a Mediterranean population or whether this relates to the degree of HCV endemicity. Two cohorts of OLP patients resident in two different regions of southern Italy (Campania and Sicily; n = 859) were evaluated for HCV infection status and categorized into five age classes to respective region-matched controls. No signific…