Search results for "digestive"
showing 10 items of 2631 documents
Open versus laparoscopic approach in the treatment of abdominal emergencies in elderly population
2016
AIM: To evaluate the role of laparoscopy in the treatment of surgical emergency in old population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over-70 years-old patients submitted to emergency abdominal surgery from January 2013 to December 2014 were collected and grouped according to admission diagnoses. These accounted small bowel obstruction, colonic acute disease, appendicitis, ventral hernia, gastro-duodenal perforation, biliary disease. In each group it was analyzed the operation time (OT), the morbidity rate and the mortality rate comparing open and laparoscopic management using T-test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: 159 over 70-years-old patients underwent emergency surgery in the General and Emergency sur…
Laparoscopic approach to acute abdomen from the Consensus Development Conference of the Società Italiana di Chirurgia Endoscopica e nuove tecnologie …
2012
Abstract BACKGROUND: In January 2010, the SICE (Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery), under the auspices of the EAES, decided to revisit the clinical recommendations for the role of laparoscopy in abdominal emergencies in adults, with the primary intent being to update the 2006 EAES indications and supplement the existing guidelines on specific diseases. METHODS: Other Italian surgical societies were invited into the Consensus to form a panel of 12 expert surgeons. In order to get a multidisciplinary panel, other stakeholders involved in abdominal emergencies were invited along with a patient's association. In November 2010, the panel met in Rome to discuss each chapter according to the D…
The Videofluorographic Swallowing Study in Rheumatologic Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
2017
Autoimmune connective tissue diseases are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that affect about 10% of world population with chronic evolution in 20%–80%. Inflammation in autoimmune diseases may lead to serious damage to other organs including the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal tract involvement in these patients may also due to both a direct action of antibodies against organs and pharmacological therapies. Dysphagia is one of the most important symptom, and it is caused by failure of the swallowing function and may lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, and airway obstruction. The videofluorographic swallowing study is a key diagnostic tool in the…
Radiological Features of Gastrointestinal Lymphoma.
2016
Gastrointestinal lymphomas represent 5–20% of extranodal lymphomas and mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine. Clinical findings are not specific, thus often determining a delay in the diagnosis. Imaging features at conventional and cross-sectional imaging must be known by the radiologist since he/she plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and disease assessment, thus assisting in the choice of the optimal treatment to patients. This review focuses on the wide variety of imaging presentation of esophageal, gastric, and small and large bowel lymphoma presenting their main imaging appearances at conventional and cross-sectional imaging, mainly focusing on computed tomography and magne…
Models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a link with vascular risk.
2008
Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often part of the metabolic syndrome which includes central obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In turn, NAFLD may be associated with an increased vascular risk. Several experimental models which express histological steatosis or steatohepatitis with fibrosis have been described. This review identifies those models of NAFLD with features of vascular risk.
Chemically induced mouse models of colitis.
2012
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both of which are referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that have characteristic clinical, pathological, endoscopic, and radiologic features. Knowledge about the pathogenesis of IBD has dramatically increased in recent years based in part on the use of experimental models of IBD. Although none of these models exactly mimics the human disorder, they have proven to be useful for studying many important aspects of these conditions. Detailed in this unit is a description of the most commonly used chemically induced mouse models of IBD. These include trinitrobenzene sulfo…
Evaluation of cytokine polymorphisms (TNFalpha, IFNgamma and IL-10) in Down patients with coeliac disease.
2005
Abstract Background In Down syndrome there is an increased prevalence of coeliac disease, but the reasons for this association are yet unknown. Aims To evaluate a possible correlation between TNFα, IFNγ and IL-10 genotype polymorphisms with the susceptibility to coeliac disease in Down syndrome patients. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms of TNFα (−308G → A promoter region), IFNγ (+874T → A promoter region) and IL-10 (−1082G → A promoter region) have been studied in 10 Down patients with coeliac disease, in 40 Down patients without coeliac disease and in 220 healthy controls. Clinical features were also studied in coeliac disease–Down syndrome patients. Results The 10 coeliac disease–D…
Aromatase and amphiregulin are correspondingly expressed in human liver cancer cells
2009
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with high mortality rates, being the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Although estrogens have been implicated in HCC, their potential role in development and/or progression of this malignancy remains unclear. In this study we investigated mRNA and protein expression of aromatase (Aro) and amphiregulin (AREG) in relation to estrogen receptors (ERs), in HepG2, Huh7, and HA22T human malignant liver cell lines, using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Aro expression was significantly higher (approximately 13-fold, P= 0.003) in HepG2 cells than in Huh7 cells, while no Aro expression could be detected in HA22T cells. Interestingl…
Impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis C
2021
INTRODUCTION: In the last years the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was a relevant public health problem due to the large number of affected people worldwide and the impact on hepatic and extrahepatic complications. The availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and the very high rate of sustained virological response (SVR) after treatment has radically changed the course of HCV chronic infection. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We searched PubMed for articles published between January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2020, in English language. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Robust evidence showed a close link between HCV infection and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), as result of the atherogeni…
Ghrelin reduces hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid beta oxidation.
2007
Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid peptide secreted during starvation by gastric cells. Ghrelin physiologically induces food intake and seems to alter lipid and glucid metabolism in several tissues such as adipose tissue and liver. Liver has a key position in lipid metabolism as it allows the metabolic orientation of fatty acids between oxidation and esterification. We investigated the effects of peripheral ghrelin administration on 2 crucial parameters of fatty acid oxidation: the levocarnitine (L-carnitine)-dependent entry of the fatty acids in the mitochondria and the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Ghrelin was either given to rats prior to the hepatocyte preparation and culture or used to t…