Search results for "dipeptidyl-peptidase I"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
Association between use of novel glucose-lowering drugs and COVID-19 hospitalization and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide registr…
2022
Abstract Aims Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with a worse prognosis. We separately investigated the associations between the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), and the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death. Methods and results Patients with T2DM registered in the Swedish National Patient Registry and alive on 1 February 2020 were included. ‘Incident severe COVID-19’ was defined as the first hospitalization and/or death from COVID-19. A modified Poisson regression approach was applied to a 1:1 propensity sc…
Glucose-independent improvement of vascular dysfunction in experimental sepsis by dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibition.
2012
Aims Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a novel class of drugs for the treatment of hyperglycaemia. Preliminary evidence suggests that their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects may have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. In the present study, we investigate in an experimental sepsis model whether linagliptin exerts pleiotropic vascular effects independent of its glucose-lowering properties. Methods and results Linagliptin (83 mg/kg chow for 7days) was administered in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/kg, single i.p. dose/24 h)-induced sepsis. Vascular relaxation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, expression of NADPH oxida…
Synthesis of Tetrapeptide p‐nitrophenylanilides containing dehydroalanine and dehydrophenylalanine and their influence on cathepsin C activity
2001
Three dehydrotetrapeptides of rationally varying structure were prepared and tested as affectors of cathepsin C. These compounds appeared to be substrates of the enzyme, being equipotent with their classical counterparts. Thus, replacement of amino acid in a short peptide by corresponding dehydroamino acid does not prevent cathepsin C in recognizing dehydropeptide as its substrate. Copyright © 2001 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microvascular effects of the inhibition of dipeptidylpeptidase IV by linagliptin in nondiabetic hypertensive patients
2015
Recent studies suggest vascular benefits of dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition in patients with diabetes mellitus. Only little is known about potential vascular effects of DPP-IV inhibitors in nondiabetic individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DPP-IV inhibition in a nondiabetic hypertensive population.This was a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, mechanistic study, comparing microvascular effects of the DPP-IV inhibitor linagliptin with placebo in nondiabetic individuals with a history of arterial hypertension. Twenty-one patients received 5 mg linagliptin (5 women; age 67.6 ± 6.0 years; mean ± SD), whereas 22 patients were randomized to pla…
Insulin withdrawal in diabetic kidney disease : What are we waiting for?
2021
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide stands at nearly 9.3% and it is estimated that 20–40% of these patients will develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD). DKD is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and these patients often present high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in those patients with poorly controlled risk factors. Furthermore, many are overweight or obese, due primarily to insulin compensation resulting from insulin resistance. In the last decade, treatment with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) have been shown to be beneficial in renal and cardiovascular targets; however…
Incretin-Based Therapies Role in COVID-19 Era: Evolving Insights
2020
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led the scientific community to breach new frontiers in the understanding of human physiology and disease pathogenesis. It has been hypothesized that the human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) enzyme receptor may be a functional target for the spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since DPP4-inhibitors are currently used for the treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2DM), there is currently high interest in the possibility that these agents, or incretin-based therapies (IBTs) in general, may be of benefit against the new coronavirus infection. Diabetes is associated with increased COV…
Weight response to GLP-1 receptor agonists: Why women do it better?
2022
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The Role of the α Cell in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes: A World beyond the Mirror
2021
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders, and insulin has been placed at the epicentre of its pathophysiological basis. However, the involvement of impaired alpha (α) cell function has been recognized as playing an essential role in several diseases, since hyperglucagonemia has been evidenced in both Type 1 and T2DM. This phenomenon has been attributed to intra-islet defects, like modifications in pancreatic α cell mass or dysfunction in glucagon’s secretion. Emerging evidence has shown that chronic hyperglycaemia provokes changes in the Langerhans’ islets cytoarchitecture, including α cell hyperplasia, pancreatic beta (β) cell dedifferentiati…
Glucose lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of incretin-based therapies: GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4-inhibitors
2009
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease with a multi-faceted pathophysiology. Beyond the known defects of insulin resistance and beta-cell insufficiency, derangement of incretin hormones normally produced from the gut wall in response to food intake play an important role. In recent years, the 'incretin-based' therapies (IBTs) have been developed to address hyperglycemia through either mimicking the action of the endogenous incretin glucagon-like polypeptide (GLP-1) (GLP-1 receptor agonists) or by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme that degrades GLP-1 (the dipeptyl peptidase-4 inhibitors).We reviewed available evidence on the glucose lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of IBT…
A Decision Support Tool for Appropriate Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
2015
Contains fulltext : 152084.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Optimal glucose-lowering therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus requires a patient-specific approach. Although a good framework, current guidelines are insufficiently detailed to address the different phenotypes and individual needs of patients seen in daily practice. We developed a patient-specific decision support tool based on a systematic analysis of expert opinion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA)/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2012 position statement, a panel of 12 European experts rated the appropriateness (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method) of tre…