Search results for "disaster"
showing 10 items of 215 documents
On the Nature of Information Management in Complex and Natural Disasters
2015
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present reflections on the nature of information management (IM) and its role and function to support coordination in one of the largest humanitarian crises of our time, the Syria crisis. Starting from general principles for humanitarian information management, we analyze the challenges that information managers face in conflict situations, when information is – more than anywhere else – a source of power and influence. This work outlines the interdependence of advocacy and operational information management, the sensitivity of information, and barriers to information sharing. The results are complex and highly interlaced information and coordination…
Disaster Risk Reduction for All? Understanding Intersectionality in Disaster Situations
2021
When designing digital services for citizens in a disaster situation, the diversity of its audience and their particular needs are not always sufficiently taken into account. Variables like digital equipment available, environment, disabilities, socio-economic status, etc., play a significant role in people’s ability to access and exchange important information through digital means. In this paper, we will examine some factors that lead to this inequality, and we see that they tend to boil down to a lack of awareness or focus on the diversity of the population, and this affects not only people with disabilities, but also other disadvantaged groups. More broadly, we will examine this in term…
Tourism development from disaster capitalism.
2021
This research note focuses on the impact of tourism development from disaster capitalism as expressed by post-disaster land grabs and forced population displacement. Case studies highlighted are India, Thailand and Sri Lanka following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami; Honduras after Hurricane Mitch in 1998; and Barbuda following Hurricane Irma in 2017, demonstrating how disaster capitalism continues to be in play. The examples draw on disaster research to show how tourism development from disaster capitalism leads to more disasters. Long-standing disaster research can assist tourism researchers in identifying how to counter harmful post-disaster tourism development.
Motywy historiozoficzne w spektaklach Jerzego Jarockiego: Witkacy, Słowacki, Mrożek
2016
The article presents a piece of work of an excellent director of Polish theatre, Jerzy Jarocki, who was able to connect literature and historiosophy of writers whose plays were shown on a stage. He was deeply interested in the history of Russia; furthermore, he studied works of Witkacy and Sławomir Mrożek. The mentioned artists were also fascinated in eventful history of Russia. One of the last plays of Mrożek was "Love in the Crimea” which can be interpreted as a historiosophical allegory depicting history of Russian culture from the end of the Tsarist Age, through Stalinism, to capitalism. The last theatre play of Jarocki was "The Case” based on Juliusz Słowacki’s "Samuel Zborowski". It d…
Geochemical constraints on volatile sources and subsurface conditions at Mount Martin, Mount Mageik, and Trident Volcanoes, Katmai Volcanic Cluster, …
2017
Abstract We use the chemical and isotopic composition of volcanic gases and steam condensate, in situ measurements of plume composition and remote measurements of SO2 flux to constrain volatile sources and characterize subvolcanic conditions at three persistently degassing and seismically active volcanoes within the Katmai Volcanic Cluster (KVC), Alaska: Mount Martin, Mount Mageik and Trident. In situ plume measurements of gas composition were collected at all three volcanoes using MultiGAS instruments to calculate gas ratios (e.g. CO2/H2S, SO2/H2S and H2O/H2S), and remote measurements of SO2 column density were collected from Mount Martin and Mount Mageik by ultraviolet spectrometer system…
Governance through Economic Paradigms: Addressing Climate Change by Accounting for Health
2016
"Climate change is a major challenge for sustainable development, impacting human health, wellbeing, security, and livelihoods. While the post-2015 development agenda sets out action on climate change as one of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is little provision on how this can be achieved in tandem with the desired economic progress and the required improvements in health and wellbeing. This paper examines synergies and tensions between the goals addressing climate change and economic progress. We identify reductionist approaches in economics, such as 'externalities', reliance on the metric of the Gross Domestic Product, positive discount rates, and short-term profit targets as so…
Communication Platform for Disaster Response
2016
The present research proposes an information platform for enhanced communication and information sharing in municipalities struck by disasters. Once a disaster happens, collecting and sharing information with and among citizens is the most important tasks for municipalities. However, empirical research of the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 revealed a marked lack of tools supporting municipal communication and data sharing activities at the initial stage. A smartphone and tablet based application was subsequently developed and evaluated in the field as a means of first response in future disasters. The application is based on the notion of frugality, which proved to be very useful in th…
Knowledge-driven multi-agent simulation engineering for assessing the effectiveness of disaster management plans
2020
Protecting humans from disasters has been an active mission of governments and experts through the definition of disaster management plans. Defining disaster response strategies is crucial in order to reduce the number of victims and the economic impact. In order to select which response plan is best suited to a specific disaster situation, these plans must be evaluated. However, such evaluation is limited by the high cost of exercises and the specificity of existing simulation models. The approach defended in this thesis combines techniques from Semantic Web and multi-agent simulation to evaluate disaster management response plans. It is composed of four steps : (1) modeling disaster manag…
Precipitation responses to ENSO and IOD in the Maldives: Implications of large-scale modes of climate variability in weather-related preparedness
2020
Abstract This research seeks to address the extent to which indices of large-scale modes of climate variability (El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)) can be linked to physical differences in the local mean and extreme rainfall conditions experienced in the Maldives in order to suggest implications for disaster risk reduction (DRR). While some significant differences in precipitation metrics do occur at the local level between different phases of the large-scale modes of climate variability studied, they do not occur for all sites studied. While the constrained availability of historical meteorological data in the region is a limiting factor in this analysis, th…
Social support provided by adolescents following a disaster and perceived social support, sense of community at school, and proactive coping.
2012
Heightened levels of support provision are systematically observed in adults immediately following natural disasters, yet knowledge about adolescents' social support provision is less extensive. This longitudinal study of 262 adolescents assessed their help-providing behaviors during and after a flood. It was hypothesized that social support provided by adolescents would relate to subsequent perceptions of their relationships with others and perceptions of the self. Descriptive analyses demonstrated that the majority of respondents reported that they provided tangible, emotional, and informational support to others in need. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated tha…