Search results for "disaster"

Big Data Applications for Disaster Management

2017

International audience; The term "disaster management" comprises both natural and man-made disasters. Highly pervaded with various types of sensors, our environment generates large amounts of data. Thus, big data applications in the field of disaster management should adopt a modular view, going from a component to nation scale. Current research trends mainly aim at integrating component, building, neighborhood and city levels, neglecting the region level for managing disasters. Current research on big data mainly address smart buildings and smart grids, notably in the following areas: energy waste management, prediction and planning of power generation needs (based on smart meter readings,…

Masonry structures subjected to tsunami loads: Modeling issues and application to a case study

2020

Abstract Tsunamis are among the most dangerous natural disasters for coastal areas experiencing tsunami hazard. One of the major concerns in the assessment of strategies for the risk mitigation is to estimate vulnerability of structures and infrastructures. However, reliable approaches for the evaluation of the structural capacity under tsunami loads are nowadays not always available for all the types of structures, especially masonry. On this aim, the paper deals with the modeling issues of 3D masonry structures subjected to tsunami loads and the effect on the structural behavior of different modeling approaches. First, a brief state of the art on the available studies is presented regardi…

From Global to Local Disaster Resilience

2015

Emerging Standards and the Hybrid Model for Organizing Scientific Events During and After The COVID-19 Pandemic

2020

AbstractSince the beginning of 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically influenced almost every aspect of human life. Activities requiring human gatherings have either been postponed, canceled, or held completely virtually. To supplement lack of in-person contact, people have increasingly turned to virtual settings online, advantages of which include increased inclusivity and accessibility and a reduced carbon footprint. However, emerging online technologies cannot fully replace in-person scientific events. In-person meetings are not susceptible to poor Internet connectivity problems, and they provide novel opportunities for socialization, creating new collaboratio…

Community Resilience to Cyclone Disasters in Coastal Bangladesh

2016

Bangladesh is one of the poorest and most disaster-prone countries in the world. To address both problems simultaneously, sustainable livelihoods (SL) could be better connected with disaster risk reduction (DRR). For this purpose, one initiative implemented in Bangladesh is called the Vulnerability to Resilience (V2R) programme which ran from 2013 to 2016. This programme was primarily initiated and funded by the British Red Cross in a consortium with the Swedish Red Cross and the German Red Cross. This article presents the first evaluation of the V2R programme with three objectives. The first objective was to measure whether the selected communities have achieved community resilience charac…

Enhancing the Collaborative Governance in Post-disaster Reconstruction: A Dynamic Performance Management Approach

2020

The impact of natural disasters on human life was blatantly demonstrated through media reports of recent events such as the Ache tsunami in 2004, Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008 and Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami in 2010-2011. Rising from the rubbles, our societies strive to learn from the experiences of how to build a better life and avoid future catastrophes. Post-disaster reconstruction (PDR) plays a crucial role in providing a safer and more resilient living environment for people, particularly for those disaster victims. This thesis focused on how implementing a collaborative governance approach in post-disaster reconstruction can offer effective solutions to …

Preservation in Disaster Situations: a case study of the Valvilla Wool Mill Museum, Finland

2013

This article discusses the role of documentation and rescue planning in minimizing collection damages in disaster situations. The topic is surveyed through a case study of a fire that occurred in 2003 at the Valvilla Wool Mill museum in Hyvinkää, in Southern Finland. This incident caused significant damage to the authenticity and integrity of the museum’s archival collection. Both the fire and the extinguishing of the fire caused severe damage to items in the archival collection. Deterioration continued during aftercare, causing serious secondary collection damage because the methods of the first aid and aftercare were spontaneously planned and applied. By using the Valvilla Wool Mill museu…

Sull’attuazione degli obblighi internazionali di risposta e ripresa a fronte della pandemia di Covid-19: una prospettiva italiana

2023

This work aims at offering a critical analysis of how Italy, as one of the most early-affected countries, has responded to and is currently recovering from the Covid-19 pandemic, in the framework of international and European obligations applicable to CBRN events at large. To this end, this article will first examine the main obligations concerning «response» to and «recovery» from a pandemic event, as stemming from relevant international and European law instruments. Then, it will look at how these obligations have been implemented by Italian central and local authorities vis-à-vis the Covid-19 pandemic, while also offering some conclusive remarks on the legal meaning of the «disaster mana…

Desplazados ambientales: incertidumbres y respuestas jurídicas frente a un eventual conflicto humanitario

2022

Los cambios ambientales, incluyendo tanto los desastres ambientales naturales como los efectos del cambio climático de carácter antrópico, son una realidad con visos de agravarse en las próximas décadas si no se toman medidas. Entre sus efectos se encuentran los desplazamientos forzados de personas hacia nuevos hábitats, que pueden causar conflictos en los Estados de acogida. En el caso de los desplazamientos ambientales transfronterizos, el actual derecho internacional no cuenta aún con una respuesta que sea a un tiempo y conjuntamente global, eficaz y coercitiva, para asegurar los derechos de las personas afectadas. No obstante, asistimos a la progresiva consolidación de una ética común g…

Development and Preliminary Italian Validation of the Emergency Response and Psychological Adjustment Scale

2021

Evaluating the personal adaptation response to the emergency situations is very important for the prevention of mental distress, for the activation of network and community synergies and for the planning and implementation of appropriate psycho-social interventions. So far there are no short tools for the overall assessment of cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses of psychological adaptation to the emergency in the psychometric panorama. The Emergency Response and Psychological Adjustment Scale (ERPAS) was administered to a sample of 1,088 participants, while the concurrent validity was tested through a second administration to 600 participants along with the GSE (Generalized Self-E…