Search results for "discrimination."

How many longitudinal covariate measurements are needed for risk prediction?

2014

Abstract Objective In epidemiologic follow-up studies, many key covariates, such as smoking, use of medication, blood pressure, and cholesterol, are time varying. Because of practical and financial limitations, time-varying covariates cannot be measured continuously, but only at certain prespecified time points. We study how the number of these longitudinal measurements can be chosen cost-efficiently by evaluating the usefulness of the measurements for risk prediction. Study Design and Setting The usefulness is addressed by measuring the improvement in model discrimination between models using different amounts of longitudinal information. We use simulated follow-up data and the data from t…

Diversity begets diversity: A global perspective on gender equality in scientific society leadership.

2018

Research shows that gender inequality is still a major issue in academic science, yet academic societies may serve as underappreciated and effective avenues for promoting female leadership. That is, society membership is often self-selective, and board positions are elected (with a high turnover compared to institutions)—these characteristics, among others, may thus create an environment conducive to gender equality. We therefore investigate this potential using an information-theoretic approach to quantify gender equality (male:female ratios) in zoology society boards around the world. We compare alternative models to analyze how society characteristics might predict or correlate with the …

Gender segregation in the employment of higher education graduates

2014

This article examines the employment and placement in the working life of Finnish higher education graduates (i.e. graduates from universities and polytechnics), focusing on gender equality. It reports a study on gender segregation in higher education and working life, considered in relation to Nordic gender equality policies. The data were gathered via a questionnaire administered to graduates in business and administration (n = 1067) and in technology (n = 1087), three years after their graduation. The results showed that men were able to secure permanent and full-time employment more often than women, and men achieved better correspondence between their degree and their employment. Howev…

Sensory testing in new product development: working with children

2015

Abstract This chapter aims at briefly reviewing applications of sensory descriptive testing methods with children, as well as their limits in relation to the cognitive development of children. Children’s sensory perceptions and preferences may differ from those of adults, which may make working directly with children a must for successful product development, at least at some stages of product development. However, most reported studies with children have characterized their preferences. Some studies have used discrimination tests and ranking tasks to gain knowledge about differences among products, or about sensory abilities development. A much smaller number of studies have involved child…

Effect of awareness on learning in biconditional discrimination conditioning

2004

Abstrakti, muodollinen ja vanhentunut tasa-arvo? : diskursiivinen tulkinta liikuntajärjestöjen tasa-arvopuheesta

2019

Viimeaikaista liikuntapoliittista ja -tieteellistä keskustelua on käyty siitä, millainen on liikunnan ja urheilun sukupuolten tasa-arvon ja yhdenvertaisuuden tila. Yhtenä sytykkeenä on toiminut vuonna 2015 päivitetty liikuntalaki, jonka kirjauksissa vahvistettiin tasa-arvon ja yhden vertaisuuden edistämisvaatimusta ja jonka myötä myös opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriö alkoi edellyttää järjestöiltä tasa-arvo- ja yhdenvertaisuussuunnitelmia osana valtionapukelpoisuutta. Tämä artikkeli osallistuu keskusteluun keskittämällä katseen liikuntajärjestöjen puheessa rakennettaviin sukupuolten tasa-arvopolitiikan diskursseihin. Tutkimustehtävänä tarkastellaan sitä, millaisia diskursseja liikuntatoimijoid…

Cultural identification, perceived discrimination and sense of community as predictors of life satisfaction among foreign partners of intercultural f…

2014

The  aim  of  this  paper  was  to  analyze  how  cultural  identification,  perceived  discrimination   and  the  sense  of  community  are  related  to  life  satisfaction  among  foreign  partners  in  intercultural   families.   The  study  compared  105  and  95  foreign  partners  in  mixed  families  resident  in  Italy  and  Spain,   respectively.  The  phenomenon  in  both  countries  displays  similar  sociodemographic  aspects.  In   contrast  to  Social  Identity  Theory,  the  results  show  that  in  both  groups  the  foreign  partner's   identification  with  their  own  ethnic-­‐cultural  group  is  not  associated  with  life  satisfaction,  nor  does  it   increase  perce…