Search results for "disorders"
showing 10 items of 4560 documents
Microglia and α-synuclein implication in Parkinson's disease
2011
Age-related neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson’s disease take an enormous toll on individuals and on society. Despite extensive efforts, Parkinson’s disease remains incurable and only very limited treatments exist. Indeed, Parkinson’s pathogenesis is still not clear and research on its molecular mechanisms is ongoing. In this study, we focused our interest on two abnormal events occurring in Parkinson’s patients, namely α-synuclein aggregation and microglial activation. We first investigated α-synuclein and its abnormal polymerisation. For this purpose, we developed novel methods, which allowed the in vitro production of different types of α-synuclein oligomers. Using highly sensiti…
Assessment of Adult Mouse Brain Neuroanatomical Phenotypes Using Quantitative and Precision Histology
2022
Modelling human neurodevelopmental disorders is important in biomedical research since the brain cannot be easily accessed in humans. In this chapter, we describe a series of standardized procedures for the reliable analysis of neuroanatomical phenotypes (NAPs) of the adult mouse brain using quantitative 2D histological practices. Our goal is to provide the reader an experimental pipeline, ranging from experimental work through to data analysis, which can be performed in any academic research setting with or without access to a histology platform. Depending on the type of sections studied, parasagittal or coronal, the assessment of brain neuroanatomy is performed at stereotaxic sections, at…
Modelling Keloids Dynamics: A Brief Review and New Mathematical Perspectives
2022
The keloids are fibroproliferative disorders described by an excessive growth of fibrotic tissue, which also invades adjacent areas (beyond the original wound borders). Since these disorders are specific to humans (no other animal species naturally develop keloid-like tissue), the experimental in vivo/in vitro research has not lead to significant advances in this field. One possible approach could be to combine in vitro human models with calibrated in silico mathematical approaches (i.e., models and simulations) to generate new testable biological hypotheses related to biological mechanisms and improved treatments. Since these combined approaches do not really exist for keloid disorders, in…
Heat shock factor 2 is a stress-responsive mediator of neuronal migration defects in models of fetal alcohol syndrome
2014
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a frequent cause of mental retardation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying brain development defects induced by maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy are unclear. We used normal and Hsf2-deficient mice and cell systems to uncover a pivotal role for heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) in radial neuronal migration defects in the cortex, a hallmark of fetal alcohol exposure. Upon fetal alcohol exposure, HSF2 is essential for the triggering of HSF1 activation, which is accompanied by distinctive post-translational modifications, and HSF2 steers the formation of atypical alcohol-specific HSF1–HSF2 heterocomplexes. This perturbs the in vivo bindi…
Reason for treatment abandonment from the perspective of the patient with an eating disorder
2016
Los tratamientos psicológicos y farmacológicos para los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria comportan costes personales y sanitarios. En este trabajo estudiamos los diferentes motivos que pueden estar asociados al abandono en ambos tipos de tratamientos en pacientes diagnosticados con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria, así como el tipo de abandono: abandono tras evaluar, abandono precoz y tardío. Por otro lado, analizamos si existe alguna relación entre el diagnóstico y el tipo de abandono. Se examinaron diversas características (edad, sexo, diagnóstico, motivos y tipos de abandono, y satisfacción respecto a la unidad de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria) en 212 pacientes atendi…
Effect of a Service-Learning Program on the Active Lifestyle of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study
2020
Background: active lifestyles and Physical Activity (PA) are closely related to health. Healthy habits such as being physically active should be consolidated during childhood. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) present fewer opportunities to be involved in PA. For this reason, we conducted a Service-Learning (SL) program to enhance the possibility of participating ASD children enjoying PA sessions. The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the evolution in terms of the frequency and intensity of PA performed by ASD children who participated in the SL program. Methods: we used a quasi-experimental design. The sample was formed by 26 children with ASD (Experimental group: n…
Investigación española en las áreas de adicciones y de trastornos de la alimentación: análisis de la producción, colaboración e impacto científico (1…
2021
Las adicciones y los trastornos de la alimentación constituyen uno de los principales problemas de salud en la sociedad contemporánea al que se destinan gran cantidad de recursos destinados a la investigación para su prevención y tratamiento. Objetivos. Analizar la investigación española en el área de adicciones y trastornos de la alimentación desde que se publicó el primer trabajo recogido en bases de datos bibliográficas y desde una perspectiva bibliométrica. Metodología. Para obtener la información necesaria se consultaron las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y bases de datos del CSIC. Se elaboró un perfil de búsqueda específico. Se obtuvieron indicadores bibliométricos de producció…
School climate as predictor of teachers’ capacity to meet the educational needs of adopted children in Italy
2020
The current study examines the association between different components of school climate (teacher–principal and teacher–parent relationships, parents’ involvement in school activities, connection between school and the local services) and teachers’ competences and knowledge regarding the adoption experience. Participants were 573 teachers (95.7% women; mean age = 47.06, SD = 8.66, ranging between 25 and 65) residing in three Italian regions characterised by rates of international adoptions that are higher than the national average. The association between school climate and teachers’ knowledge and competences on adoption was evaluated via independent multiple logistic regression analyses. …
Kylmä uni : kauhu kirjoittavan kehon ja sanojen suhteena
2014
Autisma iezīmes, agresivitāte un vecāku – bērnu mijiedarbība bērniem vecumā no 22 līdz 30 mēnešiem
2018
Pētījuma ietvaros tika apzinātas sakarības starp autiskā spektra iezīmēm, agresivitāti un audzināšanas pieejām vecāku-bērnu mijiedarbībā bērniem 22-30 mēnešu vecumā, un noskaidrots, vai pastāv statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības agresivitātes rādījumos bērniem ar un bez autiskā spektra traucējumu iezīmēm. Pētāmo izlase: 115 bērni vecumā no 22 līdz 30 mēnešiem, apakšizlasē 18 bērni. Tika izmantota bērna uzvedības novērtējuma anketa (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000), adaptēta un pielietota „AS Detect” aptauja (Barbaro, 2016), Ģentes audzināšanas aptauja - vecāku versija (Van Leeuwen et.al., 2004), vecāku - bērnu mijiedarbības video novērojumi (Eyberg, 2002). Pētījuma rezultāti norāda uz statistiski n…