Search results for "disorders"
showing 10 items of 4560 documents
Risk factors associated with the family care of people with serious mental illness.
2019
Background The aim of the present study is to analyse the variables associated with the family care of people diagnosed with serious mental illness. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out involving caregivers of people with serious mental illness (SMI) who were known to the mental health services in Valencia (España) and associations for those with SMI. The sample comprised 417 caregivers who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Zarit Burden Interview. Bivariate analyses (t-test, analysis of variance and Pearson correlation) were performed, as was a multiple linear regression model. Values of p< .05 were considered significant. The study was carried out i…
The evaluation of psychiatric drug therapy on oral lichen planus patients with psychiatric disorders
2008
Objectives: Current treatments of oral lichen planus are palliative, not curative. Because psychiatric disorders significantly influence the development and severity of oral lichen planus, the use of psychiatric drug therapy may be an adjunct in treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of drug therapy of psychiatric disorders in oral lichen planus. Study design: Our controlled clinical study consisted of forty-six patients with oral lichen planus and psychiatric disorders who were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups were given topical corticosteroids and the study group received additional psychiatric drug therapy. Patients were monitored for a period of …
Substanz-bezogene Störungen: Auf dem Weg zu ICD-11 und DSM-V
2006
The development of substance abuse disorders (SUD) for DSM-V is put into perspective according to an expert meeting organized by APA and chaired by M.A. Schuckit and J.B. Saunders. Substantial compatibility with ICD-11 of WHO was expected to be achieved. A dependence syndrome, a non-dependence category as well as a subthreshold condition is supposed to be included in the SUD section in DSM-V. Categorical criteria will possibly be supplemented by dimensions conceptualized as quantitative formulations of criteria content. General and substance-specific criteria may be included for dependence. The comorbidity problem requires more research to separate substance-induced from substance-independe…
Empirical examination of the interpersonal maintenance model of anorexia nervosa
2013
Objective A cognitive interpersonal maintenance model of anorexia nervosa (AN) was first proposed in 2006 and updated in 2013 (Schmidt and Treasure, J Br J Clin Psychol, 45, 343-366, 2006; Treasure and Schmidt, J Eat Disorders, in press.). The aim of this study was to test the interpersonal component of this model in people with AN requiring intensive hospital treatment (inpatient/daypatient). Method On admission to hospital women with AN or eating disorder not otherwise specified (AN subtype; n = 152; P) and their primary carers (n = 152; C) completed questionnaires on eating symptoms (P), depression and anxiety (P, C), accommodation and enabling (C), and psychological control (C). Structu…
Adaptation and Implementation of an Intervention Programme on Spanish Carers and Adolescent Patients With an Eating Disorder: Study Protocol of a Ran…
2021
Introduction:One of the major problems with inpatient treatment of adolescent girls with an eating disorder (ED) is that the strategies learned during their hospital stay are not easily applied or maintained in their daily lives, and this has been related to high rates of relapse and readmission. The ECHOMANTRA programme was developed to optimize outcomes during and following inpatient or day-patient treatment. ECHOMANTRA is based on interventions for carers (Experienced Carers Helping Others, ECHO) and patients (Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults, MANTRA) and is developed from the cognitive interpersonal model of anorexia (Schmidt and Treasure, 2006;Treasure and Schmid…
A meta-review of “lifestyle psychiatry”: the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders
2020
There is increasing academic and clinical interest in how "lifestyle factors" traditionally associated with physical health may also relate to mental health and psychological well-being. In response, international and national health bodies are producing guidelines to address health behaviors in the prevention and treatment of mental illness. However, the current evidence for the causal role of lifestyle factors in the onset and prognosis of mental disorders is unclear. We performed a systematic meta-review of the top-tier evidence examining how physical activity, sleep, dietary patterns and tobacco smoking impact on the risk and treatment outcomes across a range of mental disorders. Result…
Preliminary study of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory-11:validation for patients with head and neck cancer
2021
Background Cancer involves numerous physical, psychological and emotional changes and has a negative impact on patients. Although there are a wide variety of questionnaires for general use in patients with cancer, very few are available that assess the pain, disability and craniomandibular functionality of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in a more specific manner. The purpose of this study is to present the preliminary behavior of the CF-PDI in its reduced version adapted for patients with HNC. Material and Methods A total of 61 patients with HNC were included in a study to preliminarily analyze the internal consistency of the instrument, the convergent validity and the floor and c…
Psychometric Evaluation of the Eating Disorder Examination Adapted for Children
2013
The Eating Disorder Examination adapted for children (ChEDE) is the child version of the semi-structured gold standard eating disorder interview for adults. This study was a comprehensive test statistic evaluation of the German ChEDE in a large sample of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, loss of control eating, overweight and obesity, as well as non-eating-disordered and chronically ill control probands (n = 352). Excellent inter-rater reliability, adequate internal consistency and satisfactory stability of ChEDE indicators were demonstrated. ChEDE indicators discriminated between diverse forms of eating and weight disturbances and normative eating and w…
Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Neuropsychopharmacology: Update 2017
2017
AbstractTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the quantification and interpretation of drug concentrations in blood to optimize pharmacotherapy. It considers the interindividual variability of pharmacokinetics and thus enables personalized pharmacotherapy. In psychiatry and neurology, patient populations that may particularly benefit from TDM are children and adolescents, pregnant women, elderly patients, individuals with intellectual disabilities, patients with substance abuse disorders, forensic psychiatric patients or patients with known or suspected pharmacokinetic abnormalities. Non-response at therapeutic doses, uncertain drug adherence, suboptimal tolerability, or pharmacokinetic drug…
Precuneus and insular hypoactivation during cognitive processing in first-episode psychosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of fMRI studies
2020
Abstract Introduction The neural correlates of the cognitive dysfunction in first-episode psychosis (FEP) are still unclear. The present review and meta-analysis provide an update of the location of the abnormalities in the fMRI-measured brain response to cognitive processes in individuals with FEP. Methods Systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis of cross-sectional fMRI studies comparing neural responses to cognitive tasks between individuals with FEP and healthy controls (HC) according to PRISMA guidelines. Results Twenty-six studies were included, comprising 598 individuals with FEP and 567 HC. Individual studies reported statistically significant hypoactivation in the dorsolatera…