Search results for "dissolved"

showing 10 items of 240 documents

Biological and physical modification of carbonate system parameters along the salinity gradient in shallow hypersaline solar salterns in Trapani, Ita…

2017

Abstract We investigated changes in the chemical characteristics of evaporating seawater under the influence of microbial activity by conducting geochemical analyses of the brines and evaporite sediments collected from solar salterns in Trapani, Italy. The microbial activity had a substantial effect on the carbonate system parameters. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was substantially removed from the brine during the course of evaporation from the seawater to the point where calcium carbonate precipitates, with an accompanying decrease in its carbon isotopic composition (δ 13 C DIC ) to as low as −10.6‰. Although the removal of DIC was due to calcium carbonate precipitation, photosynthesis…

0301 basic medicine010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEvaporiteMineralogyengineering.materialBiogeochemical cycle01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMicrobial matGeochemistry and PetrologyCompound-specific isotope analysishemic and lymphatic diseasesDissolved organic carbonPhotosynthetic pigmentSulfate0105 earth and related environmental sciencesHypersaline environmentSalinity030104 developmental biologyCalcium carbonatechemistryBiogeochemical cycle; Carbonate system; Compound-specific isotope analysis; Hypersaline environment; Microbial mat; Photosynthetic pigments;Photosynthetic pigmentsengineeringHaliteCarbonateSeawaterCarbonate systemCompound-specific isotope analysiGeologycirculatory and respiratory physiology

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A versatile bioreactor for dynamic suspension cell culture. Application to the culture of cancer cell spheroids.

2016

A versatile bioreactor suitable for dynamic suspension cell culture under tunable shear stress conditions has been developed and preliminarily tested culturing cancer cell spheroids. By adopting simple technological solutions and avoiding rotating components, the bioreactor exploits the laminar hydrodynamics establishing within the culture chamber enabling dynamic cell suspension in an environment favourable to mass transport, under a wide range of tunable shear stress conditions. The design phase of the device has been supported by multiphysics modelling and has provided a comprehensive analysis of the operating principles of the bioreactor. Moreover, an explanatory example is herein prese…

0301 basic medicineBiophysical SimulationsMaterials scienceMultiphysicsMaterials ScienceBiophysicslcsh:MedicineMarine and Aquatic SciencesApoptosisFluid MechanicsResearch and Analysis MethodsContinuum Mechanics03 medical and health sciencesMaterials PhysicsWater QualityShear stressBioreactorIntercellular connectionDissolved Oxygenlcsh:ScienceSuspension (vehicle)Shear StressesFlow RateMultidisciplinaryCell DeathPhysicslcsh:RSpheroidClassical MechanicsBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyFluid DynamicsCell BiologyCell CulturesSuspension CulturesShear (sheet metal)030104 developmental biologyCell ProcessesCell culturePhysical SciencesEarth SciencesMechanical Stresslcsh:QBiological CulturesSedimentationBiological systemResearch Article

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Dynamics of soil organic carbon pools after agricultural abandonment

2014

Abandonment of agricultural land and the subsequent recolonization by natural vegetation is known to cause increases in C contents, contributing to reduction in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Assessment of the possible mitigation of CO2 excess requires understanding the SOC dynamics, the origin of C pools and the pathways of their transformation. The aims of this work were to assess, by using the δ13C signature, the changes of old and new organic C in total (soil organic carbon, SOC) and labile (microbial biomass C, MBC, dissolved organic C, DOC, CO2 efflux from soil) pools after vegetation change from vineyard (C3) to grassland (C4) under semiarid Mediterranean climate. Colonization of ab…

2. Zero hungerMediterranean climateTopsoilDissolved organic CPerennial plantbiologyChemistryMicrobial biomass CSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaSoil ScienceVegetationSoil carbon15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationVineyardSubstrate preferential utilizationHyparrhenia hirta13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistrySoil waterBotany

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Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia

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Biologically labile photoproducts from riverine non-labile dissolved organic carbon in the coastal waters

2015

In order to assess the production of biologically labile photoproducts (BLPs) from non-labile riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC), we collected water samples from ten major rivers, removed labile DOC and mixed the residual non-labile DOC with artificial seawater for microbial and photochemical experiments. Bacteria grew on non-labile DOC with a growth efficiency of 11.5% (mean; range from 3.6 to 15.3%). Simulated solar radiation transformed a part of non-labile DOC into BLPs, which stimulated bacterial respiration and production, but did not change bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) compared to the non-irradiated dark controls. In the irradiated water samples, the amount of BLPs stimulat…

Annual productionbiologyChemistryFluxArtificial seawaterBacterial growthbiology.organism_classification6. Clean waterColored dissolved organic matter13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistryRespirationDissolved organic carbon14. Life underwaterBacteria

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Mercury concentration, speciation and budget in volcanic aquifers: Italy and Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles)

2009

Abstract Quantifying the contribution of volcanism to global mercury (Hg) emissions is important to understand the pathways and the mechanisms of Hg cycling through the Earth's geochemical reservoirs and to assess its environmental impacts. While previous studies have suggested that degassing volcanoes might contribute importantly to the atmospheric budget of mercury, little is known about the amount and behaviour of Hg in volcanic aquifers. Here we report on detailed investigations of both the content and the speciation of mercury in aquifers of active volcanoes in Italy and Guadeloupe Island (Lesser Antilles). In the studied groundwaters, total Hg (THg) concentrations range from 10 to 500…

Basaltgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyAquiferVolcanismHydrothermal circulationMercury (element)GeophysicsVolcanochemistryGeochemistry and PetrologyTRACEREnvironmental chemistryspeciation volcanic aquifers total and dissolved mercury mercury cycling volatile budgetWater qualityGeologyJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Cassava starch processing at small scale in North Vietnam

2008

International audience; In Northern Vietnam, small-scale cassava starch processing is conducted in densely populated craft villages, where processors face difficulties to expand their activities. Three different processing systems were studied among a cluster of three communes in the Red River Delta, producing up to 430 t of starch (at 55% dry matter) per day. The first system, type A, is a cylindrical rasper and a manual sieve, the second, type B, is a cylindrical rasper and stirring-filtering machine and the third, type C, used equipment for both the rasping and filtering stages. Moisture, starch, crude fibers and ash content analysis were carried out on samples collected from the A-B-C m…

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Kondisi Fisika Kimia Air Sungai Yang Bermuara di Teluk Sawaibu Kabupaten Manokwari

2017

This research was conducted in three small rivers (Momo, Sahara and Konto), which empties into the Gulf Sawaibu Manokwari District. Water sampling for the third observation station made for the measurement of physical parameters such as temperature, TDS, TSS and turbidity, and chemical parameters pH, DO, COD, BOD, nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4) and Ammonia. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical quality of the river water chemistry research sites, and compared with water quality standards based on Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 on water quality management and water pollution control. The results of measurements of physical and chemical parameters is the temperature ra…

Biochemical oxygen demandchemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateChemistryEnvironmental chemistryChemical oxygen demandWater qualityTurbidityWater pollutionTotal dissolved solidsTotal suspended solidsJURNAL SUMBERDAYA AKUATIK INDOPASIFIK

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Consequence of litter removal on pedogenesis: A case study in Bachs and Irchel (Switzerland)

2016

In forests, soils contain at least twice as much carbon than plants that mostly grow in the upper layers. Litter at the interface between soils and the atmosphere regulates a variety of biogeochemical cycles, which are important for both plants and soils and have possible implications for other environmental components. We have compared leachates collected during an incubation experiment on: a) beech and oak leaves; b) organic subhorizons OLn, OLv, OF, and mineral A horizon; c) treated with litter removal (and untreated) plots, to assess the changes in the chemical composition of the litter layers and leachates during weathering and their influence on the underlying horizons. . Two differen…

Biogeochemical cycle010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesChemistryNitrogenSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaBiomassSoil ScienceLuvisol04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPlant litter01 natural sciencesPodzol13C CPMAS NMRSUVAPedogenesisSettore AGR/14 - PedologiaEnvironmental chemistryDissolved organic carbonBotanySoil water040103 agronomy & agricultureLitter0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesPodzol0105 earth and related environmental sciences

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Dust inputs and bacteria influence dissolved organic matter in clear alpine lakes.

2011

6 páginas, 4 figuras.

Biogeochemical cycle010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesUltraviolet RaysDrainage basinAir MicrobiologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyFresh Water010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleDissolved organic carbonEcosystemOrganic ChemicalsEcosystem0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographyMultidisciplinarygeography.geographical_feature_categoryBacteriaEcologyAquatic ecosystemAirTemperatureBiogeochemistryDustGeneral Chemistry15. Life on land6. Clean waterDeposition (aerosol physics)Solubility13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental scienceEcosystem ecologyNature communications

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