Search results for "diversity"

Impact assessment of irrigation by treated wastewater on soil bacterial genetic structure diversity of Nabeul-Tunisia irrigated areas

2011

Affiche, résumé. Session AS: Agricullural Soils: Biodiverslly and Functloning; International audience

Un code-barre pour les champignons - La détermination d'un gène type pour tous les champignons va faciliter les analyses de biodiversité à large éche…

2012

Le 17 avril 2012 est paru dans la revue internationale "Proceedings of the Academy of the Sciences of the USA" (PNAS) un article avec le titre "Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi". Ce travail dirigé par le Dr. Conrad Schoch du National Center for Biotechnology Information (USA) est le fruit du travail d'un consortium de chercheurs mycologistes, le "Fungal Barcoding Consortium" de près de 160 scientifiques de 74 laboratoires (25 pays) différents dont deux laboratoires français : le Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle à Paris et l'UMR 1347 Agroécologie (INRA/AgroSup/Université de Bourgogne) de Dijon. Ce travail a permis de d…

Translation of metagenomics agroecosystems in ecological services

2011

National audience

Relationship between microbial diversity and soil organic matter turnover

2011

International audience

Soil microbial diversity matters for denitrification and reduction of the greenhouse gas N2O

2016

Biological causes of cornflower regression

2012

International audience; Agroecosystems are currently experiencing high biodiversity loss. This decline results from intensive cropping systems. However, not all the anciently present weeds respond similarly. There should be specific biological traits that render some species more prone to disappear from arable fields than others. Investigating the biological causes of regression could inform about management strategies in changing agricultural farming systems. In this report we focus on cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) that is an emblem of the flora associated with traditional cereals in Europe. It is currently disappearing from Western regions. Several traits were investigated as seed longevi…

Use of functional traits to study microbial diversity

2012

Microbial communities have a central role in many ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling, filtering and climate regulation. However, while functional trait-based approaches are commonly used for at least two decades in microbiology, most microbial ecology studies are still carried out with the rRNA genes. This talk will highlight the advantages of trait-based approaches for studying microbial diversity and its relationship with ecosystem functions. For this purpose, denitrification, a microbial process involved in N-cycling, was selected as a model functional trait. Using both naturally assembled and artificially manipulated communities, we will show how the diversity of the den…

GnS-PIPE: an optimized bionformatic pipeline to efficiently assess microbial taxonomic diversity of complex environments using high throughput sequen…

2013

International audience; The rRNA genes (16S, 18S, ITS) are widely used to study microbial communities in soils, as they can be easily amplified from metagenomic DNA. Moreover, the recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies allows the assessment of millions of sequences from a single metagenomic DNA. Some pipelines are already available (e.g. QIIME or Mothur) to efficiently treat such data. However, the development of bioinformatic tools must now be validated by various biological tests. This was particularly true for key steps to appraise microbial diversity and richness. Here, we present a new pipeline named GnS-PIPE, a software application performing bacterial, archaeal…

GnS-PIPE: an optimized bionformatic pipeline to efficiently assess microbial taxonomic diversity of complex environments using high throughput sequen…

2013

International audience; The rRNA genes (16S, 18S, ITS) are widely used to study microbial communities in soils, as they can be easily amplified from metagenomic DNA. Moreover, the recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies allows the assessment of millions of sequences from a single metagenomic DNA. Some pipelines are already available (e.g. QIIME or Mothur) to efficiently treat such data. However, the development of bioinformatic tools must now be validated by various biological tests. This was particularly true for key steps to appraise microbial diversity and richness. Here, we present a new pipeline named GnS-PIPE, a software application performing bacterial, archaeal…

Toward a better prediction of in-field weed regulation by carabid beetles in European arable landscapes

2019

International audience; Arable agriculture is still highly reliant on herbicides to manage weeds. As part of the necessary shift towards a reduction in pesticide use, the regulatory effect of seed-eating carabid beetles on weeds has received increasing attention in agroecological research. While strong evidence points to carabids exerting a regulatory effect on certain weed species, it is difficult to predict whether a particular assemblage of carabid species will drive the function of weed seed predation in field conditions. There are also uncertainties about which key local and landscape-scale factors affect the function of weed seed predation. In this paper, we report on specific researc…