Search results for "dosimetry"
showing 7 items of 297 documents
A study of Type B uncertainties associated with the photoelectric effect in low-energy Monte Carlo simulations
2021
The goal of this manuscript is to estimate Type B uncertainties in absorbed-dose calculations arising from the different implementations in current state-of-the-art Monte Carlo codes of low-energy photon cross-sections (<200 keV). Monte Carlo simulations are carried out using three codes widely used in the low-energy domain: PENELOPE-2018, EGSnrc, and MCNP. Mass energy-absorption coefficients for water, air, graphite, and their respective ratios; absorbed dose; and photon-fluence spectra are considered. Benchmark simulations using similar cross-sections have been performed. The differences observed between these quantities when different cross-sections are considered are taken to be a go…
D.RE.A.M.: A software for uncertainties analysis in retrospective dosimetry
2018
Accidental exposures to ionising radiations are nowadays managed with assistance from biological and physical retrospective dosimetry which are able to provide individual estimates of dose absorbed by victims. The aim of this work is to describe the development of biodosimetry analysis software within the "EURADOS Working Group 10—Retrospective dosimetry" Task group 10.6. Methods The software has been developed in Python code language that is easy to learn, read, use and extensible (it is possible to add new modules). It can implement C/C++/Fortran, Java functions. It is embeddable in applications and is open source. It is extremely portable to Unix/Linux, Windows, Mac operating systems. Th…
Towards a Guidance System to Aid in the Dosimetry Calculation of Intraoperative Electron Radiation Therapy
2015
In Intraoperative Electron Radiation Therapy (IOERT), the lack of specific planning tools limits its applicability, the need for accurate dosimetry estimation and application during the therapy being the most critical. Recently, some works have been presented that try to overcome some of the limitations for establishing planning tools, though still an accurate guidance system that tracks, in real-time, the applicator and the patient is needed. In these surgical environments, the acquisition of an accurate 3D shape of the patient’s tumor bed in real-time is of high interest, as current systems make use of a 3D model acquired before the treatment. In this paper, an optical-based system is pre…
CERN IRRADIATION FACILITIES.
2017
CERN provides unique irradiation facilities for applications in dosimetry, metrology, intercomparison of radiation protection devices, benchmark of Monte Carlo codes and radiation damage studies to electronics.
The Beginning and Development of the Theranostic Approach in Nuclear Medicine, as Exemplified by the Radionuclide Pair
2017
In the context of radiopharmacy and molecular imaging, the concept of theranostics entails a therapy-accompanying diagnosis with the aim of a patient-specific treatment. Using the adequate diagnostic radiopharmaceutical, the disease and the state of the disease are verified for an individual patient. The other way around, it verifies that the radiopharmaceutical in hand represents a target-specific and selective molecule: the “best one” for that individual patient. Transforming diagnostic imaging into quantitative dosimetric information, the optimum radioactivity (expressed in maximum radiation dose to the target tissue and tolerable dose to healthy organs) of the adequate radiotherapeutica…
Thermoluminescence response of sodalime glass irradiated with photon and electron beams in the 1-20 Gy range
2011
Abstract The thermoluminescence response of a watch commercial glass was studied after irradiation with photons and electrons, in the range 1–20 Gy, of interest in accidental dosimetry; a linear response was obtained with both beams. This result, together with the satisfactory time stability of the thermoluminescence signal, indicates this glass as a potential material for retrospective dosimetry applications.
Hydrogels for Three-Dimensional Ionizing-Radiation Dosimetry
2021
Radiation-sensitive gels are among the most recent and promising developments for radiation therapy (RT) dosimetry. RT dosimetry has the twofold goal of ensuring the quality of the treatment and the radiation protection of the patient. Benchmark dosimetry for acceptance testing and commissioning of RT systems is still based on ionization chambers. However, even the smallest chambers cannot resolve the steep dose gradients of up to 30–50% per mm generated with the most advanced techniques. While a multitude of systems based, e.g., on luminescence, silicon diodes and radiochromic materials have been developed, they do not allow the truly continuous 3D dose measurements offered by radiation-se…