Search results for "driver"
showing 10 items of 114 documents
An integrated approach to cope with anthropogenic drivers of ecosystem change: the thermal vent case study
2022
A dynamic simulation approach to frame drivers and implications of corruption practices on firm performance
2014
Corruption is a multifaceted socio-economic phenomenon widely spread - although with different intensity - all around the world. Many studies on corruption have been conducted at a country-level, but relatively little effort has been placed in evaluating its implications, in terms of both financial and competitive performance, at a firm-level. Therefore, this paper aims at exploring the causal relationships underlying the effect of corruption on firm performance in order to show the different scenarios that may emerge from the combination between external (i.e., contextual conditions) and internal (i.e., organizational characteristics) forces that drive corruption. To this end, we adopt a D…
Kravas auto vadītāju darba un atpūtas laika ievērošanas saistība ar uzvedību uz ceļa
2019
Pētījuma mērķis bija salīdzināt kravas auto vadītāju uzvedību uz ceļa saistībā ar darba un atpūtas laika ievērošanu. Pētījuma izlases sastāvēja no 111 vīriešiem, kuri strādā par kravas auto šoferiem un izmanto kravas automašīnu darba vajadzībām, vecumā no 24 līdz 66 gadiem, vidējais vecums 45,43 gadi. Pētījuma dalībniekiem tika piedāvāts aizpildīt autovadītāju uzvedības aptauju (Drivers Behaviour Questionnaire, DBQ; Reason, Manstead, Stradling, Baxter, & Campbell, 1990), adaptāciju latviešu valodā veikuši V. Reņģe un I. Austers, 2007. Autovadītāji aizpildīja arī darba autora veidoto kravas auto vadītāju aptauju, kas iekļauj apgalvojumus, kas saistīti ar darba un atpūtas laiku. Pētījuma rezu…
Pienyrittäjän interaktiivinen toimintakyky : narratiivinen tulkinta suomalaisten pienyrittäjien toiminnasta sosiaalisissa liiketoimintaverkostoissa E…
2015
Context-sensitive distraction warnings : effects on drivers' visual behavior and acceptance
2016
In this study, we investigated the effects of context-sensitive distraction warnings on drivers' in-car glance behaviors and acceptance. The studied prototype warning application functions on a smart phone. The novelty of the application is its proactive and context-sensitive approach to the adjustment of warning thresholds according to the estimated visual demands of the driving situation ahead. In our study, novice and experienced drivers conducted in-car tasks with a smart phone on a test track with and without the warnings. The application gave a warning if the driver's gaze was recognized to remain on the smart phone over a situation-specific threshold time, or if the driver was approa…
On the Visual Distraction Effects of Audio-Visual Route Guidance
2016
This is the first controlled quantitative analysis on the visual distraction effects of audio-visual route guidance in simulated, but ecologically realistic driving scenarios with dynamic maneuvers and self-controlled speed (N = 24). The audio-visual route guidance system under testing passed the set verification criteria, which was based on drivers’ preferred occlusion distances on the test routes. There were no significant effects of an upcoming maneuver instruction location (up, down) on the in-car display on any metric or on the experienced workload. The drivers’ median occlusion distances correlated significantly with median incar glance distances. There was no correlation between driv…
Visual Distraction Effects between In-Vehicle Tasks with a Smartphone and a Motorcycle Helmet-Mounted Head-Up Display
2018
Besides motorists, also motorcyclists need safer user interfaces to interact with useful applications on the road. In this paper, distraction effects of in-vehicle tasks conducted with a head-up display (HUD) for motorcyclists were compared to smartphone tasks with 24 participants in a driving simulator. Compared to the smartphone tasks, the head-up display tasks decreased the percentage of inappropriately long glances by 45 percent. The head-up display tasks were also experienced as less demanding than the smartphone tasks. Additionally, the use of head-up display for navigation did not lead to gaze concentration effects compared to baseline driving. The head-up display is concluded to be …
Refining distraction potential testing guidelines by considering differences in glancing behavior
2021
Driver distraction is a recognized cause of traffic accidents. Although the well-known guidelines for measuring distraction of secondary in-car tasks were published by the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in 2013, studies have raised concerns on the accuracy of the method defined in the guidelines, namely criticizing them for basing the diversity of the driver sample on driver age, and for inconsistent between-group results. In fact, it was recently discovered that the NHTSA driving simulator test is susceptible to rather fortuitous results when the participant sample is randomized. This suggests that the results of said test are highly dependent on the s…
Estudio bibliométrico sobre la producción científica en educación vial
2012
El objeto fundamental de esta tesis es el de analizar la producción científica de la educación vial a nivel internacional, desde la perspectiva de la denominada bibliometría, en las bases de datos PyscInfo, Medline y Eric. En esta línea de investigación, que se caracteriza por el hecho de aplicar el método científico, se ha llevado a cabo el análisis estadístico de las bases de datos entre los años 1960 y 2008, analizándose la productividad de los autores científicos, la dispersión de las publicaciones científicas y las palabras clave utilizadas, entre otros indicadores. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que la educación vial es un área multidisiciplinar en pleno desarrollo y progresión, c…
Distance decay 2.0. A global synthesis of taxonomic and functional turnover in ecological communities
2022
Caio Graco-Roza was funded by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), the Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation (FAPERJ) and the Ella and Georg Erhnrooth Foundation; Jan Altman by research grants INTER-EXCELLENCE LTAUSA19137 provided by Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, 20-05840Y of the Czech Science Foundation, and long-term research development project no. RVO 67985939 of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Otso Ovaskainen was funded by Academy of Finland (grant no. 309581), Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence Funding Scheme (223257), and the European Research Council (ERC) unde…