Search results for "driving"
showing 10 items of 217 documents
Post-license Education for Novice Drivers: Evaluation of a Training Programme implemented in Spain
2006
Abstract Introduction This study evaluated the implementation of a second phase training program for novice drivers in Spain, which puts the primary focus of the training on the higher hierarchical levels of driver behavior. Method Two hundred and sixty-three participants took part throughout the study, which was implemented as an experimental design with the test and control groups assessed before and after the one day safety training. Measurement of the impact of the training program focused on the participants' self-evaluation and self-reporting of some driving behavior indicators related to accident risk. Results Data analysis showed a change in the expected direction in the scale relat…
New rules on driver licensing for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: EU Directive 2014/85/EU.
2016
The widespread recognition that obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) represents an important risk factor for motor vehicle accidents (MVA), which is reversed by successful therapy with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), has led to a revision of annex III of the European Union (EU) directive on driving licences that is subject to mandatory implementation by all member states from December 31, 2015 [1]. This directive was the result of recommendations from a working group established by the Transport and Mobility Directorate of the European Commission in 2012 [2]. The directive states [1] Joint ERS/ESRS working group on the EU directive on issuing driving licences in obstructive sleep apno…
Professional drivers and private drivers from Bogotá: Diagnosis of sociodemographic conditions and general well-being [exploratory analysis]
2018
espanolA pesar que los accidentes de trafico son reconocidos mundialmente como un problema de salud publica y que en Colombia representan la segunda causa de muerte violenta, hay una falta de investigacion en torno al tema, hecho que senala la importancia de iniciar acciones concretas. En consonancia con lo anterior, el objetivo de la presente investigacion fue estudiar dos tipos de poblacion de conductores, a saber, conductores profesionales y particulares en la ciudad de Bogota, mediante un analisis y comparacion de su situacion sociodemografica y de salud general. Con tales fines, una investigacion de corte transversal fue llevada a cabo, en la que participaron 500 conductores (250 profe…
European Respiratory Society statement on sleep apnoea, sleepiness and driving risk
2021
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is highly prevalent and is a recognised risk factor for motor vehicle accidents (MVA). Effective treatment with continuous positive airway pressure has been associated with a normalisation of this increased accident risk. Thus, many jurisdictions have introduced regulations restricting the ability of OSA patients from driving until effectively treated. However, uncertainty prevails regarding the relative importance of OSA severity determined by the apnoea–hypopnoea frequency per hour and the degree of sleepiness in determining accident risk. Furthermore, the identification of subjects at risk of OSA and/or accident risk remains elusive. The introduction of off…
Sub-200-kHz single soliton generation in a long ring Er-fiber laser with strict polarization control by using twisted fiber
2020
Abstract In the present work we demonstrate a novel single-soliton ultra-low pulse repetition frequency passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. We mitigate the residual linear birefringence of fiber by fiber twist to achieve a strict control of polarization. For mode-locking the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) was used. Special technique was applied to reduce the overdriving of NPR that allows the generation of single soliton in ultra-long cavity. The strict control of polarization yields a stable relation between the polarization state of the pulses propagating in the cavity and the regimes of generation. A 192.12-kHz train of soliton pulses was obtained with pulse duration o…
The relationship between personalities and self-report positive driving behavior in a Chinese sample.
2018
Driving behaviors play an important role in accident involvement. Concretely speaking, aberrant driving behaviors would cause more accidents, and oppositely positive driving behaviors would promote to build safety traffic environment. The main goals of this study were to explore the positive driving behavior and its relationship with personality in a Chinese sample. A total of 421 licensed drivers (286 male and 135 female) from Beijing, China completed the Positive Driver Behavior Scale (PDBS), the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) on a voluntary and anonymous basis. The results showed that the Chinese version of th…
Robust Longitudinal Control of Self-Driving Racecar Models
2022
This paper focuses on the control of longitudinal self-driving racecar models with model uncertainty and pro- poses a robust solution that comprises an online disturbance estimator and a nonlinear compensation control feedback law. By modeling all uncertainty with respect to a nominal model as suitably disturbance signals and afterward exploiting unknown- input state observer theory, a lean and fast estimator is derived for the racecar model. The estimator does not require a priori knowledge of the uncertainty. Closed-loop stability of the proposed controller ensuring the asymptotic reconstruction of the system state and disturbance inputs as well as asymptotic tracking of desired longitudi…
Robust Control of Nonlinear Systems: An Unknown Input Observer Based Approach
2023
Questa tesi propone un controllore robusto per sistemi non lineari tramite l'utilizzo di un osservatore ad ingressi sconosciuti. Attraverso un'opportuna riformulazione dinamica del modello, un generico sistema non lineare viene descritto come la somma di due funzioni, la prima lineare e nota e la seconda altamente non lineare e sconosciuta, derivante dalla conoscenza imperfetta del modello dinamico, dei parametri, o di eventuali disturbi esogeni agenti sul sistema etc., modellabili come perturbazioni (disturbi) della funzione lineare. Questa semplificazione consente una vantaggiosa descrizione dinamica del sistema in forma matriciale. Le informazioni necessarie sono stimate attraverso l'uti…
Simulation d’un Affichage Tête Haute - Réalité Augmentée pour l’aide visuelle à la conduite automobile
2016
Head-Up Display is the emerging solution for visual aid while driving a car, especially during reduced visibility conditions, such as bad weather or when the road is poorly lighted. The HUD device allows to project virtual information in the central field of view of the driving scene, enabling the driver to keep his attention on the road. The visual perception of the driver is therefore augmented, with a coexistence between the real and virtual world. However, it is necessary to ensure an optimal setting in order to guarantee the good perception of the virtual information, and allow drivers to take appropriate actions at the right moment. This thesis project is dedicated to study three impo…
Driver training interests of a Spanish sample of young drivers and its relationship with their self-assessment skills concerning risky driving behavi…
2013
Abstract Poor driving self-assessment skills (e.g., over-confidence) have been pointed out as an important explanatory factor behind young drivers’ accident involvement. This paper explores (1) what young drivers miss in their training as drivers in order to analyze whether an assessment of one's own driving skills plays an important role in their desire to improve as drivers, and (2) how these training interests are related to an estimate of their self-assessment skills concerning risky driving behavior. For this purpose, a study was conducted using a survey with a blocked sampling design of novice drivers. The survey solicited respondents’ self-report about (1) the contents of training co…