Search results for "drosophila"

showing 10 items of 782 documents

Cloning and characterization of the promoter of Hugl-2, the human homologue of Drosophila lethal giant larvae (lgl) polarity gene.

2007

The human lgl gene, Hugl-2 (llgl2, Lgl2), codes for a cytoskeletal protein involved in regulating cell polarity. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the promoter region ( approximately 1.2kb) of the Hugl-2 gene. Luciferase expression assays show a high basal Hugl-2 promoter activity in different cell lines and primary human hepatocytes. Truncations of the promoter identified a GC-rich region important for this activity. Alignment of human and mouse genomic sequences demonstrate that this is an evolutionary conserved region fcontaining putative binding sites for several transcription factors including Elk-1 and Sp-1. Mithramycin A reduces Hugl-2 expression i…

Sp1 Transcription FactorMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsDown-RegulationGenes InsectBiologyBiochemistryCell LineDownregulation and upregulationEpidermal growth factorCell polarityChlorocebus aethiopsAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsHumansLuciferaseCloning MolecularPromoter Regions GeneticMolecular BiologyGeneTranscription factorBase PairingBase SequenceEpidermal Growth FactorSequence Homology Amino AcidTumor Suppressor ProteinsCell PolarityPromoterCell BiologyMolecular biologyCytoskeletal ProteinsDrosophila melanogasterCell cultureCOS CellsSequence AlignmentBiochemical and biophysical research communications
researchProduct

Courtship in Drosophila

2000

0066-4197 (Print) Journal Article Review; Courtship is a complex behavior in Drosophila that recruits a wide range of genes for its realization, including those concerning sex determination, ion channels, and circadian rhythms. Results from different experimental approaches-behavioral and genetic comparisons between species, analysis of mutants and mosaics, and identification of specific sensory stimuli-sketch the outlines of a set of pleiotropic genes acting on a distributed system in the brain to produce the species-specific sequence of responses and actions.

Species SpecificityAnimalSexual BehaviorDrosophila/genetics/*physiologyAnimalsHumansSelection (Genetics)
researchProduct

NineTeen Complex-subunit Salsa is required for efficient splicing of a subset of introns and dorsal-ventral patterning

2020

© 2020 Rathore et al. This article is distributed exclusively by the RNASociety for the first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see http://rnajournal.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After 12 months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

SpliceosomeBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyRNA SplicingBiologySplicingGermlineArticleMidblastulaDorsal-ventral patterning03 medical and health sciencesAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsFemale fertilityGurkenMolecular BiologyGene030304 developmental biologyBody Patterning0303 health sciencesMessenger RNA030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyfungiIntronGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalTransforming Growth Factor alphaRNA Helicase AIntronsCell biologyDorsal-ventral patterning; Drosophila; Female fertility; Gurken; Splicing; dorsal–ventral patterning; female fertility; splicingDNA-Binding ProteinsDrosophila melanogasterRNA splicingSpliceosomesFemaleDrosophilaInfertility Female
researchProduct

Nimrod, a Putative Phagocytosis Receptor with EGF Repeats in Drosophila Plasmatocytes

2007

SummaryThe hemocytes, the blood cells of Drosophila, participate in the humoral and cellular immune defense reactions against microbes and parasites [1–8]. The plasmatocytes, one class of hemocytes, are phagocytically active and play an important role in immunity and development by removing microorganisms as well as apoptotic cells. On the surface of circulating and sessile plasmatocytes, we have now identified a protein, Nimrod C1 (NimC1), which is involved in the phagocytosis of bacteria. Suppression of NimC1 expression in plasmatocytes inhibited the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus. Conversely, overexpression of NimC1 in S2 cells stimulated the phagocytosis of both S. aureus and Esc…

Staphylococcus aureusHemocytesMICROBIOEGF-like domainPhagocytosisAmino Acid MotifsReceptors Cell SurfaceBiologymedicine.disease_causeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPhagocytosisEscherichia colimedicineMelanogasterAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsReceptors ImmunologicReceptorEscherichia coliGeneAgricultural and Biological Sciences(all)Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)Schneider 2 cellsbiology.organism_classificationTransmembrane proteinCell biologyDrosophilaCELLBIOGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesCurrent Biology
researchProduct

Acceleration of short and long DNA read mapping without loss of accuracy using suffix array

2014

HPG Aligner applies suffix arrays for DNA read mapping. This implementation produces a highly sensitive and extremely fast mapping of DNA reads that scales up almost linearly with read length. The approach presented here is faster (over 20 for long reads) and more sensitive (over 98% in a wide range of read lengths) than the current state-of-the-art mappers. HPG Aligner is not only an optimal alternative for current sequencers but also the only solution available to cope with longer reads and growing throughputs produced by forthcoming sequencing technologies.

Statistics and ProbabilityComputer scienceSequence analysisSequence alignmentdatabase searchescomputer.software_genreBiochemistrylaw.inventionAccelerationchemistry.chemical_compoundlawCIENCIAS DE LA COMPUTACION E INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIALAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyDatabasesequencing dataSuffix arraySequence analysisHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingalignmentSequence Analysis DNAApplications NotesComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicschemistryDrosophilaSuffixSequence AlignmentcomputerAlgorithmAlgorithmsSoftwareDNA
researchProduct

Structure Learning in Nested Effects Models

2007

Nested Effects Models (NEMs) are a class of graphical models introduced to analyze the results of gene perturbation screens. NEMs explore noisy subset relations between the high-dimensional outputs of phenotyping studies, e.g., the effects showing in gene expression profiles or as morphological features of the perturbed cell. In this paper we expand the statistical basis of NEMs in four directions. First, we derive a new formula for the likelihood function of a NEM, which generalizes previous results for binary data. Second, we prove model identifiability under mild assumptions. Third, we show that the new formulation of the likelihood allows efficiency in traversing model space. Fourth, we…

Statistics and ProbabilityTraverseComputer scienceMolecular Networks (q-bio.MN)Genes MHC Class IIPerturbation (astronomy)Genes InsectFeature selectionQuantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGeneticsAnimalsheterocyclic compoundsQuantitative Biology - Molecular NetworksGraphical modelMolecular BiologyQuantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis030304 developmental biologyLikelihood Functions0303 health sciencesNanoelectromechanical systemsModels StatisticalModels GeneticGene Expression ProfilingGenomicsComputational MathematicsDrosophila melanogasterPhenotypeFOS: Biological sciencesBinary dataIdentifiabilityRNA InterferenceLikelihood functionAlgorithmAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

A computational model for motor learning in insects

2013

The aim of this paper is to propose a computational model, inspired by Drosophila melanogaster, able to handle problems related to motor learning. The role of the Mushroom Bodies and the Central Complex in solving this problem is analyzed and plausible biologically inspired models are proposed. The designed computational models have been evaluated in simulation using a dynamic structure inspired by the fruit fly. The obtained results open the way to new neurobiological experiments focused to better understand the underlined mechanisms involved, to verify the feasibility of the hypotheses formulated and the significance of the obtained results.

Structure (mathematical logic)Computational modelbiologyComputer sciencebusiness.industryComputational modelBiologically inspired modelsNeurophysiologybiology.organism_classificationDrosophila melanogasterMushroom bodiesBiologically inspired models; Computational model; Drosophila melanogasterArtificial intelligenceDrosophila melanogasterMotor learningbusiness
researchProduct

What do we need to know about speciation?

2011

Speciation has been a major focus of evolutionary biology research in recent years, with many important advances. However, some of the traditional organising principles of the subject area no longer provide a satisfactory framework, such as the classification of speciation mechanisms by geographical context into allopatric, parapatric and sympatry classes. Therefore, we have asked where speciation research should be directed in the coming years. Here, we present a distillation of questions about the mechanisms of speciation, the genetic basis of speciation and the relationship between speciation and diversity. Our list of topics is not exhaustive; rather we aim to promote discussion on rese…

SympatrybiologyECOLOGICAL SPECIATIONHeteropatric speciationPOPULATION-SIZEDROSOPHILA-PSEUDOOBSCURAAllopatric speciationPOSTZYGOTIC ISOLATIONIncipient speciationParapatric speciationbiology.organism_classificationSEXUAL SELECTIONEcological speciationDrosophila pseudoobscuraADAPTIVE EVOLUTIONSpecies SpecificityEvolutionary biologyHYBRID INCOMPATIBILITIESGenetic algorithmGeneticsGENE FLOWDOBZHANSKY-MULLER INCOMPATIBILITIESREPRODUCTIVE ISOLATIONEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTrends in Ecology and Evolution
researchProduct

Reverse-engineering post-transcriptional regulation of gap genes in Drosophila melanogaster

2013

16 páginas, 6 figuras, 1 tabla

Systems biologyContext (language use)Computational biology03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineKrüppelGeneticsAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyPost-transcriptional regulationlcsh:QH301-705.5Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGap gene030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesEcologybiologyModels GeneticProtein StabilitySystems BiologyGene Expression Regulation Developmentalbiology.organism_classificationRepressor ProteinsDrosophila melanogasterComputational Theory and Mathematicslcsh:Biology (General)Modeling and SimulationIdentifiabilityDrosophila melanogasterGenetic Engineering030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDrosophila ProteinResearch Article
researchProduct

Adaptation to fluctuations in temperature by nine species of bacteria

2018

Rapid environmental fluctuations are ubiquitous in the wild, yet majority of experimental studies mostly consider effects of slow fluctuations on organism. To test the evolutionary consequences of fast fluctuations, we conducted nine independent experimental evolution experiments with bacteria. Experimental conditions were same for all species, and we allowed them to evolve either in fluctuating temperature alternating rapidly between 20°C and 40°C or at constant 30°C temperature. After experimental evolution, we tested the performance of the clones in both rapid fluctuation and in constant environments (20°C, 30°C and 40°C). Results from experiments on these nine species were combined meta…

TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONympäristöevoluutiobiologiavaikutukseteliöttemperature fluctuationSPECIALISTSTHERMAL PERFORMANCE CURVESbakteerittolerance curveexperimental evolutionsopeutuminenCLIMATE-CHANGEolosuhteetEXPERIMENTAL EVOLUTIONTOLERANCE CURVETEMPORALLY VARYING ENVIRONMENTREACTION NORMDROSOPHILAreaction normESCHERICHIA-COLI1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyPOPULATIONStoleranssitlämpötilaSENSITIVITYGENERALISTS
researchProduct