Search results for "drug effects"

showing 10 items of 64 documents

Method for functional study of mitochondria in rat hypothalamus

2008

1872-678X (Electronic) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Different roles of mitochondria in brain function according to brain area are now clearly emerging. Unfortunately, no technique is yet described to investigate mitochondria function in specific brain area. In this article, we provide a complete description of a procedure to analyze the mitochondrial function in rat brain biopsies. Our two-step method consists in a saponin permeabilization of fresh brain tissues in combination with high-resolution respirometry to acquire the integrated respiratory rate of the biopsy. In the first part, we carefully checked the mitochondria integrity after permeabilization, defined exper…

MalePermeability/drug effectsWistarMitochondrionRespirometry0302 clinical medicineHyperglycemia/physiopathologyMitochondria/*physiology/ultrastructurePhosphorylationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0303 health sciencesMicroscopymedicine.diagnostic_testGeneral NeuroscienceBrainFastingBrain/drug effects/physiology3. Good healthCell biologyMitochondriaLaboratory Techniques and ProceduresZuckerCell typeCellular respirationPhysiologicalCell RespirationHypothalamusOxidative phosphorylation[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyBiologyStressElectronPermeability03 medical and health sciencesFasting/physiologyOxygen ConsumptionStress PhysiologicalBiopsyRespirationmedicineAnimalsRats Wistar[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology030304 developmental biologyClinical Laboratory TechniquesSaponinsRats ZuckerRatsMicroscopy ElectronHypothalamus/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructureHyperglycemiaSaponins/pharmacologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFunction (biology)
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Switching between persistent firing and depolarization block in individual rat CA1 pyramidal neurons

2018

The hippocampal formation plays a role in mnemonic tasks and epileptic discharges in vivo. In vitro, these functions and malfunctions may relate to persistent firing (PF) and depolarization block (DB), respectively. Pyramidal neurons of the CA1 field have previously been reported to engage in either PF or DB during cholinergic stimulation. However, it is unknown whether these cells constitute disparate populations of neurons. Furthermore, it is unclear which cell-specific peculiarities may mediate their diverse response properties. However, it has not been shown whether individual CA1 pyramidal neurons can switch between PF and DB states. Here, we used whole cell patch clamp in the current …

MalePotassium ChannelsPatch-Clamp Techniquesantagonists & inhibitors [TRPC Cation Channels]physiology [Electrophysiological Phenomena]Cognitive Neurosciencepharmacology [Muscarinic Agonists]metabolism [TRPC Cation Channels]drug effects [Pyramidal Cells]HippocampusStimulationMuscarinic AgonistsIn Vitro TechniquesHippocampal formation050105 experimental psychologyMembrane Potentialspharmacology [Carbachol]03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCurrent clampAnimalsRats Long-Evans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesddc:610Patch clampCA1 Region HippocampalTRPC Cation Channelsphysiology [CA1 Region Hippocampal]Dose-Response Relationship Drugphysiology [Pyramidal Cells]ChemistryPyramidal Cells05 social sciencescytology [CA1 Region Hippocampal]drug effects [Membrane Potentials]Depolarizationmetabolism [Potassium Channels]drug effects [Electrophysiological Phenomena]Potassium channelElectrophysiological PhenomenaRatsdrug effects [CA1 Region Hippocampal]CholinergicCarbacholFemaleNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHippocampus
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A set of female pheromones affects reproduction before, during and after mating in Drosophila

2004

0022-0949 (Print) Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Sex pheromones are chemical signals used for mate attraction and discrimination in many invertebrate species. These compounds are often complex mixtures with different components having different effects. We tested live Drosophila melanogaster mutant female flies genetically depleted for unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbons, which were then perfumed with these substances to measure their influence on various aspects of reproduction. Female pheromones of the control Cs strain enhanced female attractivity, copulation duration and tended to decrease the number of female progeny of mutant females mated with Cs m…

MaleSex Attractants/*pharmacology/physiologyAnalysis of VarianceFertility/drug effectsSpecies SpecificitySexual BehaviorAnimalsFemaleAnimal/*drug effectsSex RatioDrosophila melanogaster/*physiologyReproduction/drug effects
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Neuroprotection by erythropoietin administration after experimental traumatic brain injury.

2007

A large body of evidence indicates that the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) exerts beneficial effects in the central nervous system (CNS). To date, EPO's effect has been assessed in several experimental models of brain and spinal cord injury. This study was conducted to validate whether treatment with recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) would limit the extent of injury following experimental TBI. Experimental TBI was induced in rats by a cryogenic injury model. rHuEPO or placebo was injected intraperitoneally immediately after the injury and then every 8 h until 2 or 14 days. Forty-eight hours after injury brain water content, an indicator of brain edema, was measured with the wet-dry method and bl…

MaleTime FactorsBrain EdemaFunctional LateralityRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundTraumatic brain injuryMedicineAnalysis of Variance Animals Blood-Brain Barrier; drug effects Brain Edema; drug therapy/etiology Brain Infarction; drug therapy/etiology Brain Injuries; complications/drug therapy Disease Models; Animal Erythropoietin; administration /&/ dosage Evans Blue; diagnostic use Functional Laterality Humans Male Neurologic Examination Neuroprotective Agents; administration /&/ dosage Rats Rats; Sprague-Dawley Reaction Time; drug effects Recombinant Proteins Time Factorsadministration /&/ dosageSpinal cord injuryEvans BlueNeurologic ExaminationGeneral Neuroscienceexperimental models of brain and spinal cord injuryExtravasationNeuroprotectionRecombinant Proteinsmedicine.anatomical_structureNeuroprotective AgentsBlood-Brain BarrierAnesthesiadiagnostic usemedicine.drugEvans BlueBrain InfarctionTraumatic brain injuryCentral nervous systemrecombinant human EPO (rHuEPO)PlaceboNeuroprotectionReaction TimeAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyErythropoietinAnalysis of VarianceNeuroscience (all)business.industryAnimaldrug therapy/etiologymedicine.diseaseRatsDisease Models AnimalchemistryErythropoietindrug effectsBrain InjuriesDisease Modelsrecombinant human EPO (rHuEPO); experimental models of brain and spinal cord injury; NeuroprotectionNeurology (clinical)Sprague-Dawleybusinesscomplications/drug therapyDevelopmental BiologyBrain research
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Neuroprotective potential of erythropoietin and darbepoetin alfa in an experimental model of sciatic nerve injury. Laboratory investigation.

2007

Object The objectives of this study were to examine whether the systemic administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and its long-lasting derivative darbepoetin alfa expedited functional recovery in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury, and to compare the effects of these agents in the model. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats received a crush injury to the left sciatic nerve and subsequently underwent either placebo treatment, daily injections of rHuEPO, or weekly injections of darbepoetin alfa. Results Both rHuEPO and darbepoetin alfa were effective in reducing neurological impairment and improving compound muscle action potentials following nerve injury. Darbepoetin …

MaleTime FactorsDarbepoetin alfaNerve CrushAction PotentialsPlaceboDrug Administration ScheduleRats Sprague-Dawleyadministration /&/ dosage/pharmacologymedicineAnimalsHumansDarbepoetin alfaMuscle SkeletalErythropoietinERYTHROPOIETINdrug effects/injuries/physiopathologySettore MED/27 - Neurochirurgiabusiness.industryAction Potentials; drug effects Animals Drug Administration Schedule Erythropoietin; administration /&/ dosage/analogs /&/ derivatives/pharmacology Humans Male Muscle; Skeletal; physiopathology Nerve Crush Neuroprotective Agents; administration /&/ dosage/pharmacology Rats Rats; Sprague-Dawley Recombinant Proteins Recovery of Function; drug effects Sciatic Nerve; drug effects/injuries/physiopathology Time FactorsGeneral MedicineSkeletalRecovery of FunctionNerve injurySciatic nerve injurymedicine.diseaseadministration /&/ dosage/analogs /&/ derivatives/pharmacologySciatic NerveNeuroprotectionRecombinant ProteinsRatsNeuroprotective AgentsNeurologyErythropoietinPeripheral nerve injuryAnesthesiadrug effectsPeripheral nerve injuryCrush injuryMuscleSurgeryNeurology (clinical)Sciatic nerveSprague-Dawleymedicine.symptomphysiopathologybusinessmedicine.drug
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Rate vs. rhythm control and adverse outcomes among European patients with atrial fibrillation

2018

Aim The impact of rate and rhythm control strategies on outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. Our aims were: to report use of rate and rhythm control strategies in European patients from the EURObservational Research Program AF General Pilot Registry. Secondly, to evaluate outcomes according to assigned strategies. ........................................................................................................................................................... Methods and results Use of pure rate and rhythm control agents was described according to European regions. 1-year follow-up data were reported. Among rate control strategies, beta-blockers …

MaleTime FactorsRate controlAction PotentialsPilot Projects030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAmiodaroneAction Potentials/drug effectsHeart Conduction System/drug effectsCardiologists0302 clinical medicineHeart RateRisk FactorsCause of DeathAtrial Fibrillation030212 general & internal medicineRegistriesPractice Patterns Physicians'Cause of deathAged 80 and overAll-cause death; Atrial fibrillation; Major adverse events; Rate control; Registry; Rhythm controlHeart Rate/drug effectsAtrial fibrillationMiddle AgedEuropeTreatment OutcomeCohortCardiologyHealthcare Disparities/trendsRhythm controlFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAnti-Arrhythmia AgentsCardiologists/trendsmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyMajor adverse eventsRegistryAll-cause deathAnti-Arrhythmia Agents/adverse effectsEurope/epidemiology03 medical and health sciencesHeart Conduction SystemPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineHeart ratemedicineAtrial Fibrillation/diagnosisHumansHealthcare DisparitiesAdverse effectAgedbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelmedicine.diseaseAtrial fibrillationPractice Patterns Physicians'/trendsAtrial fibrillation • Rate control • Rhythm control • Major adverse events • All-cause death • RegistryPropensity score matchingbusiness
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Cerebral haemodynamic changes during propofol-remifentanil or sevoflurane anaesthesia: transcranial Doppler study under bispectral index monitoring

2006

Background. Sevoflurane or propofol–remifentanil-based anaesthetic regimens represent modern techniques for neurosurgical anaesthesia. Nevertheless, there are potential differences related to their activity on the cerebrovascular system. The magnitude of such difference is not completely known. Methods. In total 40 patients, treated for spinal or maxillo-facial disorders, were randomly allocated to either i.v. propofol–remifentanil or inhalational sevoflurane anaesthesia. Transcranial Doppler was used to assess changes in cerebral blood flow velocity, carbon dioxide reactivity, cerebral autoregulation and the bispectral index to assess the depth of anaesthesia. Results. Time-averaged mean f…

MaleUltrasonography Doppler TranscranialHemodynamicsBlood PressurePiperidinesHeart RateMedicineHomeostasisProspective StudiesPropofolUltrasonographyIntraoperativeAdult Anesthetics; Combined; pharmacology Anesthetics; Inhalation; Intravenous; pharmacology Blood Flow Velocity; drug effects Blood Pressure; drug effects Carbon Dioxide; physiology Cerebrovascular Circulation; drug effects Electroencephalography Female Heart Rate; drug effects Homeostasis; drug effects Humans Male Methyl Ethers; pharmacology Middle Aged Monitoring; Intraoperative; methods Piperidines; pharmacology Propofol; pharmacology Prospective Studies Ultrasonography; Doppler; TranscranialCombineddrug effectDopplerElectroencephalographyMiddle AgedAnesthetics CombinedCerebral blood flowInhalationBispectral indexAnesthesiaCerebrovascular CirculationAnesthetics InhalationmethodFemaleIntravenousPropofolAnesthetics IntravenousBlood Flow Velocitymedicine.drugHumanMethyl EthersAdultMonitoringRemifentanilIntravenouTranscranialCerebral autoregulationtranscranial DopplerSevofluranemethodsRemifentanilSevofluranePiperidineMonitoring IntraoperativeHomeostasiHumansAnestheticsbusiness.industryAnestheticCarbon DioxideTranscranial DopplerProspective StudieAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineMethyl Etherdrug effectsphysiologypharmacologybusiness
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A randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab vs. ranibizumab for myopic CNV.

2014

AIMS: The aim was to compare the efficacy of intravitreal therapy with bevacizumab and ranibizumab for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in pathologic myopia (PM). METHODS: This was a prospective multicenter randomized nonblinded trial. RESULTS: In seven centers, 78 eyes were randomized 1:1 to treatment with bevacizumab (group B, 40 eyes) or ranibizumab (group R, 38 eyes) given with an "on demand" regimen (PRN). The mean follow-up was 19 months (SD 2, range 12-24). The mean BCVA at baseline was 0.60 logMAR (20/80 Snellen equivalent, Seq) and 50 letter score (ls). Mean final BCVA was 0.51 LogMAR (20/63 Seq) and 57 ls (p = 0.0009 and p = 0.0002, respectively). In group B, mean basal BCVA was…

MaleVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVisual Acuity/drug effectsVisual acuitygenetic structuresVisual AcuityAngiogenesis Inhibitorslaw.inventionBevacizumab/therapeutic use0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawMyopiaMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyPathological myopiaAged 80 and overMiddle AgedSensory SystemsBevacizumabVascular endothelial growth factor AChoroidal neovascularizationIntravitreal InjectionsMyopia DegenerativeFemalemedicine.symptommedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyBevacizumabNeuroscience(all)CNVBevacizumab; CNV; Pathological myopia; Ranibizumab.Antibodies Monoclonal HumanizedRanibizumab/therapeutic use03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceOphthalmologyRanibizumabVascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitorsHumansAngiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic useIntravitreal bevacizumabAgedpathological myopia CNV bevacizumab ranibizumabSettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivobusiness.industryTherapeutic effectChoroidal Neovascularization/drug therapyeye diseasesChoroidal NeovascularizationOphthalmologyRegimen030221 ophthalmology & optometryMyopia Degenerative/drug therapysense organsRanibizumabbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
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Is Ranibizumab effective in stopping the loss of vision for Choroidal Neovascularization in Pathologic Myopia? A Long Term Follow-up Study

2010

Aim To assess the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab in the treatment of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) caused by pathologic myopia (PM). Design Prospective, multicentre, interventional case series. Methods 40 eyes of 39 consecutive patients with PM and CNV were treated with ‘on demand’ intravitreal injection of ranibizumab 0.5 mg. Final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and its change from baseline were the main outcome measures. Changes in optical coherence tomography (OCT) central retinal thickness (CRT) were a secondary outcome. Results Mean age was 53±13 years and mean refractive error –13.5±6.5 D. Median follow-up was 13.3±2 (range 12–18) months. Fifteen eyes (37.5%) had previou…

MaleVisual Acuity/drug effectsRefractive errorgenetic structuresEye diseaseVisual AcuityVision disorderProspective StudiesFluorescein AngiographyMedicine(all)Neovascularisationmedicine.diagnostic_testAntibodies MonoclonalDrugsDiabetic retinopathyMiddle AgedFluorescein angiographySensory SystemsChoroidal neovascularizationmedicine.anatomical_structureMyopia DegenerativeIntravitreal InjectionsFemaleMyopia Degenerative/complicationsmedicine.symptomTomography Optical Coherencemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedAntibodies Monoclonal/administration & dosageCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceRanibizumabOphthalmologymedicineHumansAgedbusiness.industryChoroidChoroidal Neovascularization/drug therapyOff-Label Usemedicine.diseaseChoroidal Neovascularizationeye diseasesOphthalmologyChoroidsense organsRanibizumabaged 80 and overbusinessFollow-Up Studies
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Effects of canrenoate plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors versus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors alone on systolic and diastolic f…

2004

Background Aldosterone (ALDO) exerts profibrotic effects, acting via the mineralocorticoid receptors in cardiovascular tissues. Aldosterone antagonism in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition may better protect against the untoward effects of ALDO than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition alone. Methods In a double-blind randomized study, the tolerability and efficacy of canrenoate (25 mg/d) plus captopril versus captopril alone were evaluated in 510 patients with an acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI), a serum creatinine concentration 5.5 mEq/L and creatinine levels to >2.0 mg/L after 10 days of treatment were observed. At 180 days, the mitral E-wave–A-wave ra…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/administration & dosage Myocardial Contraction/drug effects Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy Myocardial Infarction/physiopathologymedicine.drug_classMyocardial InfarctionDiastoleAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsPlacebochemistry.chemical_compoundDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicinemedicineHumansMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsCreatinineAldosteronebiologybusiness.industryCaptoprilAngiotensin-converting enzymeMiddle AgedMyocardial ContractionchemistryTolerabilityMineralocorticoidCardiologybiology.proteinDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleCanrenoic AcidCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drugAmerican Heart Journal
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