Search results for "drug resistance"
showing 10 items of 953 documents
Interferon alfa-2c in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML): hematologic, cytogenetic and molecular-genetic response of patients with chronic phase CML …
1990
Alpha- and gamma-interferons have been shown to actively suppress hematopoiesis in patients in the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia in vitro and in vivo. Since both interferons act through different receptors on their hematopoietic target cells, they are expected to be capable of independently inhibiting abnormal blood cell development in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. We have utilized recombinant human interferon alfa-2c to treate 11 patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase, who were resistant to previous interferon gamma therapy. Ten of the patients were evaluable for hematologic, cytogenetic and molecular-genet…
Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease
1974
12 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease have been studied in an investigation regarding the causes of resistance to isoprenaline. The effects of repeated intravenous doses of 10 µg isoprenaline were assessed by cross over comparison before and after infusions of isoprenaline and a placebo; the infusions lasted for 35 to 40 min and the amount of isoprenaline infused was 0.5 µg/min. Total resistance, thoracic gas volume (whole-body plethysmography) and heart rate (ECG) were measured. No decrease in bronchospasmolytic or positive chronotopic effects on single isoprenaline injections could be demonstrated after prolonged infusions of isoprenaline.
Mycophenolate mofetil is a valid option in patients with inflammatory bowel disease resistant to TNF-α inhibitors and conventional immunosuppressants.
2017
Abstract Background Few studies investigated the role of mycophenolate mofetil in inflammatory bowel disease, and none of them had specifically focused on patients with previous multiple intolerances and/or nonresponses to conventional immunosuppressants and biologics. Aims To evaluate clinical benefit and tolerability profile of mycophenolate mofetil in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and limited treatment options. Methods All consecutive patients with previous multiple intolerances and/or nonresponses to immunosuppressants and biologics who started an off-label treatment with mycophenolate mofetil from January 2014 to February 2016 were entered in a prospectively maintained datab…
Long-Term Efficacy of Tenofovir Monotherapy for Hepatitis B Virus-Monoinfected Patients After Failure of Nucleoside/Nucleotide Analogues
2010
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has demonstrated high antiviral efficacy in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection but experience in nucleoside/nucleotide analogue (NA)-experienced patients is limited. In this retrospective multicenter study we therefore assessed the long-term efficacy of TDF monotherapy in patients with prior failure or resistance to different NA treatments. Criteria for inclusion were HBV DNA levels >4.0 log(10) copies/mL at the start and a minimum, period of TDF therapy for at least 6 months. In all, 131 patients (mean age 42 +/- 12 years, 95 male, 65% hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]-positive) were eligible. Pretreatment consisted of…
Helicobacter pylori infection in children.
2008
The review summarizes the articles published on Helicobacter pylori in children between April 2007 and March 2008. Evidence is emerging in different populations including developing countries that the prevalence of H. pylori is declining in all age groups. The reasons for this are unclear but it is unlikely that treatment of infection or improvement in socioeconomic conditions fully explains the decline. For the first time, differences in the inflammatory response between adults and children have been well characterized in a group of adults and children from Chile with similar levels of H. pylori infection. This study suggests that the reduced inflammatory response to H. pylori at a cellula…
Natalizumab: a country-based surveillance program
2008
Natalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody with a selective adhesion-molecule inhibitor effect, and a demonstrated efficacy in decreasing the frequency of relapses and progression of disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR MS). After the approval of FDA and EMEA in MS cases unresponsive to immunomodulating therapy or in severe MS patients also not previously treated with interferons, and considering the concern on the possible side effects, an accurate program of surveillance was organized in our country by a combined effort of AIFA, Cineca, Department of Pharmacology of University of Bologna, and a group of neurologists appointed by the National Society of Neurology (S…
Virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults on antiretroviral treatment in rural Tanzania
2009
Background Virological response to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in rural Africa is poorly described. We examined virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults receiving first-line ART for up to 4 years in rural Tanzania. Methods Haydom Lutheran Hospital has provided ART to HIV-infected patients since October 2003. A combination of stavudine or zidovudine with lamivudine and either nevirapine or efavirenz is the standard first-line regimen. Nested in a longitudinal cohort study of patients consecutively starting ART, we carried out a cross-sectional virological efficacy survey between November 2007 and June 2008. HIV viral load was measured in all adults who had completed…
Second-line chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic carcinoma: a multicenter survey of the Gruppo Oncologico Italia Meridionale on the activity and safet…
2007
Background: In daily clinical practice second-line chemotherapy (SLCT) is frequently given to patients with advanced pancreatic cancer failing gemcitabine-based first-line chemotherapy without solid scientific support. Patients and methods: A retrospective survey was carried out including 42 patients. Patients received standard FOLFOX4 regimen biweekly until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: Six partial responses (14%) and 16 stabilizations (38%) were recorded for a tumor growth control rate of 57%. The median time to progression (TtP) was 4 months (range 1–7 months), and median overall survival (OS) was 6.7 months (range 2–9 months). A stabilization of performance status (PS) …
Cemiplimab in locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after hedgehog inhibitor therapy: an open-label, multi-centre, single-arm, phase 2 trial.
2021
Summary Background Before February, 2021, there was no standard treatment regimen for locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after first-line hedgehog inhibitor (HHI) therapy. Cemiplimab, a PD-1 antibody, is approved for treatment of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and has shown clinical activity as monotherapy in first-line non-small-cell lung cancer. Here, we present the primary analysis data of cemiplimab in patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after HHI therapy. Methods We did an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial across 38 outpatient clinics, primarily at academic medical centres, in Canada, Europe, and the USA. Eligible patients (aged ≥18 years…