Search results for "duration"
showing 10 items of 447 documents
Effectiveness of physical activity promoting technology-based distance interventions compared to usual care. Systematic review, meta-analysis and met…
2017
Introduction Technology has been thought to have strong potential for promoting physical activity, but the evidence has remained unclear. The aim of this study was to examine whether a technology-based distance intervention promoting physical activity is more effective than a physical activity intervention without the use of technology. This systematic review is registered in Prospero (CRD42016035831). Evidence acquisition A systematic literature search of studies published between January 2000 to December 2015 was conducted in CENTRAL, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, OT-Seeker, WOS and PEDro. Studies were selected by two independent authors applying the following PICOS criteria P) …
Motor asymmetry attenuation in older adults during imagined arm movements
2014
International audience; Laterality is an important feature of motor behavior. Several studies have shown that lateralization in right-handed young adults (i.e., right versus left arm superiority) emerges also during imagined actions, that is when an action is internally simulated without any motor output. Such information, however, is lacking for elderly people and it could be valuable to further comprehend the evolution of mental states of action in normal aging. Here, we evaluated the influence of age on motor laterality during mental actions. Twenty-four young (mean age: 24.7 +/- 4.4 years) and 24 elderly (mean age: 72.4 +/- 3.6 years) participants mentally simulated and actually execute…
Maternal sleep duration and neonate birth weight: A population-based cohort study.
2021
Objective Sleep duration is an important health indicator. Our aim was to investigate the association between maternal sleep duration and infant birthweight. Methods The study included 2,536 mother-infant pairs of a Spanish birth cohort (2004-2006, INMA project). The exposures were questionnaire-based measures of sleep duration before and during pregnancy. The primary outcome was infant birthweight score (g) standardized to 40 weeks of gestation. Results In women sleeping less than 7 hours per day before pregnancy, each additional hour of sleep increased birthweight score by 44.7 g (p = 0.049) in the minimally-adjusted model, although findings were not statistically significant after consid…
P124 The impact of the new American college of cardiology/american heart association (ACC/AHA) definition of hypertension on atherosclerotic vascular…
2020
Background The 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines define hypertension as ≥130/80 mmHg instead of ≥140/90 mmHg. Studies in systemic autoimmune diseases, where blood pressure (BP) is fluctuating over time, were not considered. Our aim was to assess the impact of the new definition on the prevalence and incidence of atherosclerotic vascular events (AVEs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients-Methods SLE patients with at least two years of follow-up and no previous AVEs were divided in three groups (≥140/90 mmHg, 130–139/80–89 mmHg and Results 1532 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria (88.1% females, mean age at baseline 36.2±14.3 years, mean disease duration 6.1±6.3 years). The prevalence …
Linguistic multifeature MMN paradigm for extensive recording of auditory discrimination profiles
2011
We studied whether a multifeature mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm using naturally produced speech stimuli is feasible for studies of auditory discrimination accuracy of adult participants. A naturally produced trisyllabic pseudoword was used in the paradigm, and MMNs were recorded to changes that were acoustic (changes in fundamental frequency or intensity) or potentially phonological (changes in vowel identity or vowel duration). All the different changes were presented in three different word segments (initial, middle, or final syllable). All changes elicited an MMN response, but the vowel duration change elicited a different response pattern than the other deviant types. Changes in vo…
Time perception in depression: a meta-analysis.
2014
Background Depressive patients frequently report to perceive time as going by very slowly. Potential effects of depression on duration judgments have been investigated mostly by means of four different time perception tasks: verbal time estimation, time production, time reproduction, and duration discrimination. Ratings of the subjective flow of time have also been obtained. Methods By means of a classical random-effects meta-regression model and a robust variance estimation model, this meta-analysis aims at evaluating the inconsistent results from 16 previous studies on time perception in depression, representing data of 433 depressive patients and 485 healthy control subjects. Results Dep…
Projecting the spread of COVID-19 for Germany
2020
We model the evolution of the number of individuals that are reported to be sick with COVID-19 in Germany. Our theoretical framework builds on a continuous time Markov chain with four states: healthy without infection, sick, healthy after recovery or after infection but without symptoms and dead. Our quantitative solution matches the number of sick individuals up to the most recent observation and ends with a share of sick individuals following from infection rates and sickness probabilities. We employ this framework to study inter alia the expected peak of the number of sick individuals in a scenario without public regulation of social contacts. We also study the effects of public regulati…
Determinants of Sleepiness at Wheel and Missing Accidents in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
2021
Study ObjectivesMotor-vehicle crashes are frequent in untreated OSA patients but there is still uncertainty on prevalence as well as physiological or clinical determinants of sleepiness at the wheel (SW) in OSA patients. We assessed determinants of SW or sleepiness related near-miss car accident (NMA) in a group of non-professional drivers with OSA.MethodsA 237 consecutive, treatment-naïve PSG-diagnosed OSA patients (161 males, 53.1 ± 12.6 years) were enrolled. Self-reported SW was assessed by positive answer to the question, “Have you had episodes of falling asleep while driving or episodes of drowsiness at wheel that could interfere with your driving skill in the last year?” Occurrence of…
Tetrodotoxin slightly shortens action potential duration in ventricular but not in atrial heart muscle.
1988
Tetrodotoxin (TTX), at concentrations significantly decreasing maximal upstroke velocity (dV/dtmax) of the action potential, exerted variable effects on action potential duration (APD) in different myocardial preparations. APD was virtually unchanged by tetrodotoxin in the guinea pig atrium, but slightly shortened in the guinea pig ventricle at maximally effective concentrations. In the human ventricle, both dV/dtmax and APD were reduced in the same concentration range of TTX. These results suggest that a TTX-sensitive sodium current significantly contributes to the repolarization phase of the action potential in ventricular but not in atrial heart muscle.
Treatment options for leishmaniasis.
2021
Leishmaniasis is broadly classified into three types: cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral. The visceral form is most dangerous and can result in death. Although leishmaniasis is an ancient disease, its treatment is still challenging. Several drugs, differing in their cost, toxicity, treatment duration and emergence of drug resistance, are used for different types of leishmaniasis. To overcome these limitations, the search for newer drugs and other treatments continues. In this article, we discuss conventional drugs, other treatments, including newer options such as immunotherapy and immunochemotherapy, and future prospects for leishmaniasis treatment.