Search results for "dynamics."

showing 10 items of 9637 documents

(H,ρ)-induced dynamics and large time behaviors

2018

In some recent papers, the so called (H,ρ)-induced dynamics of a system S whose time evolution is deduced adopting an operatorial approach, borrowed in part from quantum mechanics, has been introduced. Here, H is the Hamiltonian for S, while ρ is a certain rule applied periodically (or not) on S. The analysis carried on throughout this paper shows that, replacing the Heisenberg dynamics with the (H,ρ)-induced one, we obtain a simple, and somehow natural, way to prove that some relevant dynamical variables of S may converge, for large t, to certain asymptotic values. This cannot be so, for finite dimensional systems, if no rule is considered. In this case, in fact, any Heisenberg dynamics im…

(Hρ)-induced dynamicOperatorial modelSchrödinger and Heisenberg dynamicStressed bacterial population(Hρ)-induced dynamics; Operatorial models; Schrödinger and Heisenberg dynamics; Stressed bacterial populations; Statistics and Probability; Condensed Matter PhysicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica Matematica
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Reinforcement learning approach to nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics

2021

We use a reinforcement learning approach to reduce entropy production in a closed quantum system brought out of equilibrium. Our strategy makes use of an external control Hamiltonian and a policy gradient technique. Our approach bears no dependence on the quantitative tool chosen to characterize the degree of thermodynamic irreversibility induced by the dynamical process being considered, require little knowledge of the dynamics itself and does not need the tracking of the quantum state of the system during the evolution, thus embodying an experimentally non-demanding approach to the control of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. We successfully apply our methods to the case of single- …

---Computer scienceFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNon-equilibrium thermodynamics01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeQuantum stateSHORTCUTS0103 physical sciencesQuantum systemReinforcement learningStatistical physics010306 general physicsQuantum thermodynamicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsADIABATICITYQuantum PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Entropy productionENTROPYsymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Superconductivity near a magnetic domain wall

2018

We study the equilibrium properties of a ferromagnetic insulator/superconductor structure near a magnetic domain wall. We show how the domain wall size is affected by the superconductivity in such structures. Moreover, we calculate several physical quantities altered due to the magnetic domain wall, such as the spin current density and local density of states, as well as the resulting tunneling conductance into a structure with a magnetic domain wall.

---Materials sciencesuprajohtavuusMagnetic domainFOS: Physical sciencesInsulator (electricity)02 engineering and technologymagnetic fieldsSpin currentmagneettikentätsuperconductors01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Physics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysical quantitySuperconductivityTunneling conductanceLocal density of statesta114Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Superconductivitysuperconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFerromagnetism0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review B
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The 3D structure of fabric and its relationship to liquid and vapor transport

2004

Polymeric carrier fabrics are commonly used in many industrial processes including manufacture of paper and board. Apart from acting as a carrier for the compressible porous material during the manufacturing process, the synthetic woven fabrics comprising mainly of poly ethylene terypthalate (PET) yarns, impart valuable product attributes, i.e. softness, bulk, absorbency, etc. in consumer products. The three-dimensional structure of the fabrics plays a critical role in deciding the manufacturing and energy efficiency as well as product end-use properties. X-ray micro computed tomography (X-CT) provides a non-intrusive technique to visualize and analyze the three-dimensional structure of por…

/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyChemistryPapermakingNanotechnologyThermal diffusivityTortuosityPermeability (earth sciences)Colloid and Surface ChemistryFluid dynamicsSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean EnergyDiffusion (business)Composite materialPorous mediumPorosityColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Discrete spectral incoherent solitons in nonlinear media with noninstantaneous response

2011

International audience; We show theoretically that nonlinear optical media characterized by a finite response time may support the existence of discrete spectral incoherent solitons. The structure of the soliton consists of three incoherent spectral bands that propagate in frequency space toward the low-frequency components in a discrete fashion and with a constant velocity. Discrete spectral incoherent solitons do not exhibit a confinement in the space-time domain, but exclusively in the frequency domain. The kinetic theory describes in detail all the essential properties of discrete spectral incoherent solitons: A quantitative agreement has been obtained between simulations of the kinetic…

01 natural sciencesoptical instabilitiesSchrödinger equation010309 opticssymbols.namesakeand lossesQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Dynamics of nonlinear optical systemsOptical solitonssolitons010306 general physicsPropagationNonlinear Schrödinger equationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]and optical spatio-temporal dynamicsscatteringWave equationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSupercontinuumNonlinear systemFrequency domainsymbolsoptical chaos and complexitySolitonnonlinear guided waves
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A Thermodynamically Consistent CZM for Low-Cycle Fatigue Analysis

2018

A cohesive zone model for low-cycle fatigue analysis is developed in a consistent thermodynamic framework of elastic-plastic-damage mechanics with internal variable. A specific fatigue activation condition allows to model the material degradation related to the elastic-plastic cyclic loading conditions, with tractions levels lower than the damage activation condition. A moving endurance surface, in the classic framework of kinematic hardening, enables a pure elastic behavior without any fatigue degradation for low levels loading conditions.

010101 applied mathematics020303 mechanical engineering & transportsMaterials science0203 mechanical engineeringMechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringThermodynamicsGeneral Materials ScienceLow-cycle fatigue02 engineering and technology0101 mathematics01 natural sciencesStrength of materialsKey Engineering Materials
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Elastic properties of the sigma W-Re phase: A first principles investigation

2017

Abstract We perform density functional theory (DFT) calculations to obtain the formation enthalpy and six independent elastic constants for the 32 possible occupations of the five non-equivalent sites of the σ -phase. The obtained results suggest linear correlation between bulk modulus and Re concentration and between shear modulus and formation enthalpy. The results are used to parameterize a sublattice model with ideal mixing on each sublattice for the free energy and elastic constants. The model allows one to predict the equilibrium composition on each sublattice and hence elastic constants as a function of global Re concentration and temperature of the W-Re alloy.

010302 applied physicsBulk modulusMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringEnthalpyMetals and AlloysThermodynamicsSigma02 engineering and technologyFunction (mathematics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesShear modulusMechanics of MaterialsPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologyMixing (physics)Scripta Materialia
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Analytical description of solid particles kinematics due to a fluid flow and application to the depiction of characteristic kinematics in cold sprayi…

2017

Abstract In several multiphase flow applications such as fluidization, thermal spraying, atomization manufacturing and so on, the Newton's law is widely enacted to formulate the particle/fluid kinematic interaction and then to compute particles kinematics. This paper provides analytical solutions of the Newton's law in its time-dependent formulation or simplified formulation, the latter being a reduction of the time dependent problem into a spatial description of the particle motion. It was found that the velocity solution is strictly similar in both cases so that the simplified formulation is viable. The W_ 1 branch of the Lambert's function yields the analytical particle residence time an…

010302 applied physicsChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringMultiphase flow02 engineering and technologyMechanicsKinematics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyResidence time (fluid dynamics)01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMach number0103 physical sciencesFluid dynamicssymbolsParticleParticle velocity0210 nano-technologyMagnetosphere particle motionPowder Technology
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Spin Hall magnetoresistance in antiferromagnetic insulators

2020

Antiferromagnetic materials promise improved performance for spintronic applications, as they are robust against external magnetic field perturbations and allow for faster magnetization dynamics compared to ferromagnets. The direct observation of the antiferromagnetic state, however, is challenging due to the absence of a macroscopic magnetization. Here, we show that the spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) is a versatile tool to probe the antiferromagnetic spin structure via simple electrical transport experiments by investigating the easy-plane antiferromagnetic insulators $\alpha$-Fe2O3 (hematite) and NiO in bilayer heterostructures with a Pt heavy metal top electrode. While rotating an ext…

010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMagnetization dynamicsMaterials scienceMagnetoresistanceSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldMagnetizationFerromagnetismFerrimagnetism0103 physical sciencesAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyJournal of Applied Physics
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Rivalry of diffusion, external field and gravity in micro-convection of magnetic colloids

2019

Magnetic fields and magnetic materials have promising microfluidic applications. For example, magnetic micro-convection can enhance mixing considerably. However, previous studies have not explained increased effective diffusion during this phenomenon. Here we show that enhanced interface smearing comes from a gravity induced convective motion within a thin microfluidic channel, caused by a small density difference between miscible magnetic and non-magnetic fluids. This motion resembles diffusive behavior and can be described with an effective diffusion coefficient. We explain this with a theoretical model, based on a dimensionless gravitational Rayleigh number, and verify it by numerical si…

010302 applied physicsConvectionGravity (chemistry)Materials scienceFluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)Mixing (process engineering)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Fluid Dynamics02 engineering and technologyRayleigh numberMechanicsCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldPhysics::Fluid DynamicsGravitation0103 physical sciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Diffusion (business)0210 nano-technologyDimensionless quantityJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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