Search results for "dynamics."

showing 10 items of 9637 documents

Answering Schrödinger's "What Is Life?"

2020

In his &ldquo

Work (thermodynamics)Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectdelayed production of entropyGeneral Physics and Astronomylcsh:AstrophysicsSecond law of thermodynamicscode script01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmasaperiodic solidinformation03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakecausally efficaciousthermodynamic workentailing lawslcsh:QB460-4660103 physical sciencesboundary conditionslcsh:Scienceconstraint closure030304 developmental biologyPhysical lawmedia_common0303 health sciencesopen-ended evolutionNewtonian paradigmlcsh:QC1-999Aperiodic graphsymbolslcsh:QMathematical economicsconstrained release of energylcsh:PhysicsSchrödinger's catEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)
researchProduct

PrVO$_4$ under High Pressure: Effects on Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties

2020

In pursue of a systematic characterization of rare-earth vanadates under compression, in this work we present a multifaceted study of the phase behavior of zircon-type orthovanadate PrVO$_4$ under high pressure conditions, up until 24 GPa. We have found that PrVO$_4$ undergoes a zircon to monazite transition at around 6 GPa, confirming previous results found by Raman experiments. A second transition takes place above 14 GPa, to a BaWO$_4$-I--type structure. The zircon to monazite structural sequence is an irreversible first-order transition, accompanied by a volume collapse of about 9.6%. Monazite phase is thus a metastable polymorph of PrVO$_4$. The monazite-BaWO$_4$-II transition is found…

Work (thermodynamics)Condensed Matter - Materials Science010405 organic chemistryChemistryMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistryCompression (physics)01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)Inorganic ChemistryCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterHigh pressurePhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
researchProduct

High energy, high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy of Co2Mn(1-x)Fe(x)Si

2006

This work reports on high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy for the valence band of Co2Mn(1-x)Fe(x)Si (x=0,0.5,1) excited by photons of about 8 keV energy. The measurements show a good agreement to calculations of the electronic structure using the LDA+U scheme. It is shown that the high energy spectra reveal the bulk electronic structure better compared to low energy XPS spectra. The high resolution measurements of the valence band close to the Fermi energy indicate the existence of the gap in the minority states for all three alloys.

Work (thermodynamics)Condensed Matter - Materials SciencePhotonMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesFermi energyElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyExcited stateAtomic physicsEnergy (signal processing)
researchProduct

Localized potentials in electrical impedance tomography

2008

In this work we study localized electric potentials that have an arbitrarily high energy on some given subset of a domain and low energy on another. We show that such potentials exist for general L ∞ -conductivities in almost arbitrarily shaped subregions of a domain, as long as these regions are connected to the boundary and a unique continuation principle is satisfied. From this we deduce a simple, but new, theoretical identifiability result for the famous Calderon problem with partial data. We also show how to con- struct such potentials numerically and use a connection with the factorization method to derive a new non-iterative algorithm for the detection of inclusions in electrical imp…

Work (thermodynamics)Control and OptimizationMathematical analysisBoundary (topology)510 MathematikConnection (mathematics)Continuation510 MathematicsSimple (abstract algebra)Modeling and SimulationDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsIdentifiabilityPharmacology (medical)Factorization methodElectrical impedance tomographyAnalysisMathematicsInverse Problems & Imaging
researchProduct

A tangent formula derived from Patterson-function arguments. VII. Solution of inorganic structures from powder data with accidental overlap

2000

Accidental overlap constitutes one of the principal limitations for the solution of crystal structures from powder diffraction data, since it reduces the number of available intensities for direct-methods application. In this work, the field of application of the direct-methods sum function is extended to cope with powder patterns with relatively large amounts of accidental overlap. This is achieved by refining not only the phases of the structure factors but also the estimated intensities of the severely overlapped peaks during the structure solution process. This procedure has been specifically devised for inorganic compounds with uncertain cell contents and with probable severe atomic di…

Work (thermodynamics)CrystallinityChemistryTangentMineralogyThermodynamicsPatterson functionField (mathematics)Crystal structureFunction (mathematics)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPowder diffractionJournal of Applied Crystallography
researchProduct

Exact 3D solution for static and damped harmonic response of simply supported general laminates

2014

International audience; The state-space method is adapted to obtain three dimensional exact solutions for the static and damped dynamic behaviors of simply supported general laminates. The state-space method is written in a general form that permits to handle both cross-ply and antisymmetric angle-ply laminates. This general form also permits to obtain exact solutions for general laminates, albeit with some constraints. For the general case and for the static behavior, either an additive term is added to the load to simulate simply supported boundary conditions, or the plate bends in a particular way. For the dynamic behavior, the general case leads to pairs of natural frequencies for each …

Work (thermodynamics)DampedFOS: Physical sciences[ SPI.MECA.STRU ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]Physics - Classical Physics[ PHYS.MECA.STRU ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph]Normal modeBoundary value problemLaminateStaticCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsState-space methodAntisymmetric relationbusiness.industryIsotropyMathematical analysisClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)HarmonicFundamental frequencyStructural engineeringFinite element methodCeramics and CompositesHarmonicbusinessExact 3D solution
researchProduct

Optimization of the first wall for the DEMO water cooled lithium lead blanket

2015

The maximum heat load capacity of a DEMO First Wall (FW) of reasonable cost may impact the decision of the implementation of limiters in DEMO. An estimate of the engineering limit of the FW heat load capacity is an essential input for this decision. This paper describes the work performed to optimize the FW of the Water Cooled Lithium-Lead (WCLL) blanket concept for DEMO fusion reactor in order to increase its maximum heat load capacity. The optimization is based on the use of water at typical Pressurised Water Reactors conditions as coolant. The present WCLL FW with a waved plasma-faced surface and with circular channels was studied and the heat load limit has been predicted with FEM analy…

Work (thermodynamics)DesignMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringDesign;DEMO;Blanket;WCLL;First WallFusion powerBlanketFinite element methodWCLLCoolantDesign for manufacturability[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]First WallDEMO Blanket WCLL Design First WallNuclear Energy and EngineeringThermalLimiterBlanketGeneral Materials ScienceDEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
researchProduct

Peak dispersion in gradient elution: An insight based on the plate model.

2020

Gradient elution in liquid chromatography reduces the analysis time, improves the efficiency and increases the peak capacity. The study of this chromatographic mode has been based mainly on kinetic dispersion models. The plate model has been applied to a lesser extent, despite being the basis for the concepts of plate height and chromatographic efficiency. In this work, a general equation describing peak dispersion in HPLC gradient elution is derived from the plate model. This equation is studied and validated for three types of gradients: (i) a reference gradient without ramp in which the retention factor varies with time identically throughout the column, (ii) a gradient of stationary pha…

Work (thermodynamics)Differential equation010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryPressureChromatography High Pressure LiquidChromatographyChemistryElution010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineMechanicsCompression (physics)0104 chemical sciencesKineticsModels ChemicalLinear ModelsSolventsIndicators and ReagentsDispersion (chemistry)Constant (mathematics)Journal of chromatography. A
researchProduct

Experimental determination of mode I fracture parameters in orthotropic materials by means of Digital Image Correlation

2020

Abstract The mode I fracture parameters for an orthotropic body are directly calculated from full-field deformation measurements provided by Digital Image Correlation (DIC). Three complementary and direct approaches are evaluated and compared: (i) the determination of the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) by fitting the displacement field using the analytical expression proposed by Lekhnitskii; (ii) the determination of the J-Integral by using the Energy Domain Integral (EDI) formulation on the raw DIC data; and (iii) the calculation of the J-Integral using the EDI approach on the displacement data fitted using Lekhnitskii’s formulation. A comparative experimental study is performed by testing …

Work (thermodynamics)Digital image correlationMaterials scienceLeast squares fitting/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2604Digital image correlation Energy domain integral J-integral Least squares fitting Stress intensity factorOrthotropic materialDisplacement (vector)Settore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di MacchineMaterials Science(all)General Materials ScienceStress intensity factorStress intensity factorJ-integralDeformation (mechanics)Applied MathematicsMechanical Engineering/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3104Mathematical analysisDigital image correlationCondensed Matter PhysicsEnergy domain integral/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2500Displacement fieldFracture (geology)/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2200/2210
researchProduct

INFLUENCE OF UNEQUAL OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS ON STIMULATED RAMAN ADIABATIC PASSAGE THROUGH BRIGHT STATE

2012

In the present work an analytical and numerical analysis of the b -STIRAP process in a medium with unequal oscillator strengths is performed. It is shown that the length of population transfer can be considerably increased by an appropriate choice of the dipole transitions.

Work (thermodynamics)DipoleChemistryOscillator strengthNumerical analysisStimulated Raman adiabatic passagePopulation transferAtomic physicsBright stateInternational Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series
researchProduct